GI Qs

The nurse is preparing a client diagnosedwith GERD for discharge following an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Which statement indicates the client understands the discharge instructions? 1. "I should not eat for at least one (1) day following this procedure." "I can lie down whenever I want after a meal. It won't make a difference." "The stomach contents won't bother my esophagus but will make me nauseous." "I should avoid orange juice and eating tomatoes until my esophagus heals."

"I should avoid orange juice and eating tomatoes until my esophagus heals."

Which statement made by the client indicates to the nurse the client may be experiencing GERD?1. "My chest hurts when I walk up the stairs in my home." "I take antacid tablets with me wherever I go." "My spouse tells me I snore very loudly at night." "I drink six (6) to seven (7) soft drinks every day."

"I take antacid tablets with me wherever I go."

Which statement by the client diagnosed with hepatitis warrants immediate intervention by the clinic nurse?1. "I will not drink any type of beer or mixed drink." "I will get adequate rest so I don't get exhausted." "I had a big hearty breakfast this morning." "I took some cough syrup for this nasty head cold."

"I took some cough syrup for this nasty head cold."

A patient has been diagnosed with acute gastritis and asks the nurse what could have caused it. What is the best response by the nurse? (Select all that apply.) "It can be caused by ingestion of strong acids." "You may have ingested some irritating foods." "Is it possible that you are overusing aspirin." "It is a hereditary disease." "It is probably your nerves."

"It can be caused by ingestion of strong acids." "You may have ingested some irritating foods." "Is it possible that you are overusing aspirin."

A client with gastric ulcers caused by H. pylori is prescribed metronidazole. Which client statement indicates to the nurse that teaching about this medication was effective? "It might cause a metallic taste in my mouth." "I can take this medication with my blood thinner." "I can have an alcoholic drink in the evenings." "My appetite may increase while taking this medication."

"It might cause a metallic taste in my mouth."

Which assessment question is priority for the nurse to ask the client diagnosed with end-stage liver failure secondary to alcoholic cirrhosis? "How many years have you been drinking alcohol?" "Have you completed an advance directive?" "When did you have your last alcoholic drink?" "What foods did you eat at your last meal?"

"When did you have your last alcoholic drink?"

The client is diagnosed with Crohn's disease, also known as regional enteritis. Which statement by the client supports this diagnosis? 1. "My pain goes away when I have a bowel movement." "I have bright red blood in my stool all the time." "I have episodes of diarrhea and constipation." "My abdomen is hard and rigid and I have a fever."

1. "My pain goes away when I have a bowel movement."

The client in end-stage liver failure has vitamin K deficiency. Which interventions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply. 1. Avoid rectal temperatures. 2. Use only a soft toothbrush. 3. Monitor the platelet count. 4. Use small-gauge needles. 5. Assess for asterixis.

1. Avoid rectal temperatures. 2. Use only a soft toothbrush. 3. Monitor the platelet count. 4. Use small-gauge needles.

The client is admitted to the medical department with a diagnosis of rule-out (R/O) acute pancreatitis. Which laboratory values should the nurse monitor to confirm this diagnosis? 1. Creatinine and (BUN). 2. Troponin and (CK-MB). 3. Serum amylase and lipase. 4. Serum bilirubin and calcium.

1. Creatinine and (BUN).

The public health nurse is discussing hepatitis B with a group in the community. Which health promotion activities should the nurse discuss with the group? Select all that apply. 1. Do not share needles or equipment. 2. Use barrier protection during sex. 3. Get the hepatitis B vaccine. 4. Obtain immune globulin injections. 5. Avoid any type of hepatotoxic medications.

1. Do not share needles or equipment. 2. Use barrier protection during sex. 3. Get the hepatitis B vaccine.

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with rule-out peptic ulcer disease. Which test confirms this diagnosis? 1. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy. 2. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 3. Occult blood test. 4. Gastric acid stimulation.

1. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

The client has end-stage liver failure secondary to alcoholic cirrhosis. Which complication indicates the client is at risk for developing hepatic encephalopathy? 1. Gastrointestinal bleeding. 2. Hypoalbuminemia. 3. Splenomegaly. 4. Hyperaldosteronism.

1. Gastrointestinal bleeding.

The public health nurse is teaching day-care workers. Which type of hepatitis is transmitted by the fecal-oral route via contaminated food, water, or direct contact with an infected person? 1. Hepatitis A. 2. Hepatitis B. 3. Hepatitis C. 4. Hepatitis D.

1. Hepatitis A.

The nurse is preparing to administer a.m. medications to clients. Which medication should the nurse question before administering? 1. Pancreatic enzymes to the client who has finished breakfast. 2. The pain medication, morphine, to the client who has a respiratory rate of 20. 3. The loop diuretic to the client who has a serum potassium level of 3.9 mEq/L. 4. The beta blocker to the client who has an apical pulse of 68 bpm.

1. Pancreatic enzymes to the client who has finished breakfast.

The nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client diagnosed with GERD. Which signs and symptoms would indicate GERD? 1. Pyrosis, water brash, and flatulence. 2. Weight loss, dysarthria, and diarrhea. 3. Decreased abdominal fat, proteinuria, and constipation. 4. Midepigastric pain, positive H. pylori test, and melena.

1. Pyrosis, water brash, and flatulence.

The nurse caring for a client diagnosed with GERD writes the client problem of "behavior modification." Which intervention should be included for this problem? 1. Teach the client to sleep with a foam wedge under the head. Encourage the client to decrease the amount of smoking. Instruct the client to take over-the-counter medication for relief of pain. Discuss the need to attend Alcoholics Anonymous to quit drinking.

1. Teach the client to sleep with a foam wedge under the head.

Which sign/symptom should the nurse expect to find in a client diagnosed with ulcerative colitis? 1. Twenty bloody stools a day. 2. Oral temperature of 102°F. 3. Hard, rigid abdomen .4. Urinary stress incontinence.

1. Twenty bloody stools a day.

The client diagnosed with acute pancreatitis is being discharged home. Which statement by the client indicates the teaching has been effective? 1. "I should decrease my intake of coffee, tea, and cola." 2. "I will eat a low-fat diet and avoid spicy foods." 3. "I will check my amylase and lipase levels daily." 4. "I will return to work tomorrow but take it easy."

2. "I will eat a low-fat diet and avoid spicy foods."

Which instruction should the nurse discuss with the client who is in the icteric phase of hepatitis C? 1. Decrease alcohol intake. 2. Encourage rest periods. 3. Eat a large evening meal. 4. Drink diet drinks and juices.

2. Encourage rest periods.

The client is diagnosed with an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. Which intervention should the nurse implement? 1. Provide a low-residue diet. 2. Rest the client's bowel. 3. Assess vital signs daily. 4. Administer antacids orally.

2. Rest the client's bowel.

The client diagnosed with liver problems asks the nurse, "Why are my stools clay-colored?" On which scientific rationale should the nurse base the response? 1. There is an increase in serum ammonia level. 2. The liver is unable to excrete bilirubin. 3. The liver is unable to metabolize fatty foods. 4. A damaged liver cannot detoxify vitamins.

2. The liver is unable to excrete bilirubin.

A client receiving tube feedings to the duodenum develops nausea, cramping, and diarrhea. For which condition should the nurse plan care for this client? Diverticulosis Paralytic ileus Dumping syndrome Small bowel obstruction

Dumping syndromeq

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with hemorrhaging duodenal ulcer. Which collaborative interventions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply. 1. Perform a complete pain assessment. 2. Assess the client's vital signs frequently. 3. Administer a proton pump inhibitor intravenously. 4. Obtain permission and administer blood products. 5. Monitor the intake of a soft, bland diet.

3. Administer a proton pump inhibitor intravenously. 4. Obtain permission and administer blood products.

Which gastrointestinal assessment data should the nurse expect to find when assessing the client in end-stage liver failure? 1. Hypoalbuminemia and muscle wasting. 2. Oligomenorrhea and decreased body hair. 3. Clay-colored stools and hemorrhoids. 4. Dyspnea and caput medusae.

3. Clay-colored stools and hemorrhoids.

The nurse is completing discharge teachingto the client diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. Which instruction should the nurse discuss with the client? 1. Instruct the client to decrease alcohol intake. 2. Explain the need to avoid all stress. 3. Discuss the importance of stopping smoking. 4. Teach the correct way to take pancreatic enzymes.

3. Discuss the importance of stopping smoking.

The nurse has administered an antibiotic, a proton pump inhibitor, and Pepto-Bismol for peptic ulcer disease secondary to H. pylori. Which data would indicate to the nurse the medications are effective? 1. A decrease in alcohol intake. 2. Maintaining a bland diet. 3. A return to previous activities. 4. A decrease in gastric distress.

4. A decrease in gastric distress.

The nurse is administering morning medications at 0730. Which medication should have priority? 1. A proton pump inhibitor 2. A nonnarcotic analgesic. 3. A histamine receptor antagonist. 4. A mucosal barrier agent.

4. A mucosal barrier agent.

The client is in the preicteric phase of hepatitis. Which signs/symptoms should the nurse expect the client to exhibit during this phase? 1. Clay-colored stools and jaundice. 2. Normal appetite and pruritus. 3. Being afebrile and left upper quadrant pain. 4. Complaints of fatigue and diarrhea.

4. Complaints of fatigue and diarrhea.

The client diagnosed with end-stage liver failure is admitted with hepatic encephalopathy. Which dietary restriction should be implemented by the nurse to address this complication? 1. Restrict sodium intake to 2 g/day. 2. Limit oral fluids to 1,500 mL/day. 3. Decrease the daily fat intake. 4. Reduce protein intake to 60 to 80 g/day.

4. Reduce protein intake to 60 to 80 g/day.

The nurse is assisting the physician with a procedure to remove ascitic fluid from a client with cirrhosis. What procedure does the nurse ensure the client understands will be performed? Thoracentesis Abdominal paracentesis Abdominal CT scan Upper endoscopy

Abdominal paracentesis

An important message for any nurse to communicate is that drug-induced hepatitis is a major cause of acute liver failure. The medication that is the leading cause is: Acetaminophen Ibuprofen Dextromethorphan Benadryl

Acetaminophen

When caring for a client with an acute exacerbation of a peptic ulcer, the nurse finds the client doubled up in bed with severe pain in the right shoulder. What is the initial appropriate action by the nurse? Notify the health care provider. Irrigate the client's NG tube. Place the client in the high-Fowler's position. Assess the client's abdomen and vital signs.

Assess the client's abdomen and vital signs.

A client with severe peptic ulcer disease has undergone surgery and is several hours postoperative. During assessment, the nurse notes that the client has developed cool skin, tachycardia, labored breathing, and appears to be confused. Which complication has the client most likely developed? Hemorrhage Penetration Perforation Pyloric obstruction

Hemorrhage

The nurse instructs the client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) regarding dietary measures. Which action by the client demonstrates that the client has understood the recommended dietary changes? Eliminating spicy foods. Avoiding chocolate and coffee. Eliminating cucumbers and other foods with seeds. Avoiding steamed foods.

Avoiding chocolate and coffee.

Which assessment data supports the client's diagnosis of gastric ulcer to the nurse? 1. Presence of blood in the client's stool for the past month. Reports of a burning sensation moving like a wave. Sharp pain in the upper abdomen after eating a heavy meal. Complaints of epigastric pain 30 to 60 minutes after ingesting food.

Complaints of epigastric pain 30 to 60 minutes after ingesting food.

The nurse is planning the care of a client diagnosed with lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction. Which dietary modifications should be included in the plan of care? 1. Allow any of the client's favorite foods as long as the amount is limited. 2. Have the client perform eructation exercises several times a day. Eat four (4) to six (6) small meals a day and limit fluids during mealtimes. Encourage the client to consume a glass of red wine with one (1) meal a day.

Eat four (4) to six (6) small meals a day and limit fluids during mealtimes.

The nurse is caring for a client who has developed dumping syndrome while recovering from a gastrectomy. What recommendation should the nurse make to the client? Drink a minimum of 12 ounces of fluid with each meal. Eat several small meals daily spaced at equal intervals. Choose foods that are high in simple carbohydrates. Sit upright when eating and for 30 minutes afterward.

Eat several small meals daily spaced at equal intervals.

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with GERD. Which nursing interventions should be implemented? 1. Place the client prone in bed and administer nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications. Have the client remain upright at all times and walk for 30 minutes three (3) times a week. Instruct the client to maintain a right lateral side-lying position and take antacids before meals. Elevate the head of the bed (HOB) 30 degrees and discuss lifestyle modifications with the client.

Elevate the head of the bed (HOB) 30 degrees and discuss lifestyle modifications with the client.

A client is being prepared to undergo laboratory and diagnostic testing to confirm the diagnosis of cirrhosis. Which test would the nurse expect to be used to provide definitive confirmation of the disorder? Coagulation studies Magnetic resonance imaging Radioisotope liver scan Liver biopsy

Liver biopsy

A client is prescribed a histamine (H2)-receptor antagonist. The nurse understands that this might include which medication(s)? Select all that apply. Nizatidine Lansoprazole Famotidine Cimetidine Esomeprazole

Nizatidine Famotidine Cimetidine

The nurse is conducting a community education class on gastritis. The nurse includes that chronic gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori is implicated in which disease/condition? Pernicious anemia Systemic infection Peptic ulcers Colostomy

Peptic ulcers

A client with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis is awaiting surgical intervention. The nurse listens to bowel sounds and hears none and observes that the abdomen is rigid and board-like. What complication does the nurse determine may be occurring at this time? Constipation Paralytic ileus Peritonitis Accumulation of gas

Peritonitis

The client diagnosed with acute pancreatitis is in pain. Which position should the nurse assist the client to assume to help decrease the pain?1. Recommend lying in the prone position with legs extended. Maintain a tripod position over the bedside table. Place in side-lying position with knees flexed. Encourage a supine position with a pillow under the knees.

Place in side-lying position with knees flexed.

The nurse is caring for a client with hepatitis. Which of the following would lead the nurse to suspect that the client is in the prodromal phase? Jaundice Clay-colored stools Liver function tests approaching normal Rash

Rash

A client is admitted with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis. When assessing the abdomen, the nurse would expect to find rebound tenderness at which location? Right upper quadrant Left lower quadrant Right lower quadrant Left upper quadrant

Right lower quadrant

Which assessment data indicate to the nurse the client's gastric ulcer has perforated? 1. Complaints of sudden, sharp, substernal pain. Rigid, boardlike abdomen with rebound tenderness. Frequent, clay-colored, liquid stool. Complaints of vague abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant.

Rigid, boardlike abdomen with rebound tenderness.

The client diagnosed with ulcerative colitisis prescribed a low-residue diet. Which meal selection indicates the client understands the diet teaching? 1. Grilled hamburger on a wheat bun and fried potatoes. A chicken salad sandwich and lettuce and tomato salad. Roast pork, white rice, and plain custard. Fried fish, whole grain pasta, and fruit salad.

Roast pork, white rice, and plain custard.

The school nurse is discussing methods to prevent an outbreak of hepatitis A with a group of high school teachers. Which action is the most important to teach the high school teachers? 1. Do not allow students to eat or drink after each other. Drink bottled water as much as possible. Encourage protected sexual activity. Sing the happy birthday song while washing hands.

Sing the happy birthday song while washing hands.

The client diagnosed with end-stage renal failure and ascites is scheduled for a paracentesis. Which client teaching should the nurse discuss with the client? 1. Explain the procedure will be done in the operating room. Instruct the client a Foley catheter will have to be inserted. Tell the client vital signs will be taken frequently after the procedure. Provide instructions on holding the breath when the HCP inserts the catheter.

Tell the client vital signs will be taken frequently after the procedure.

The presence of mucus and pus in the stools suggests which condition? Small-bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Disorders of the colon Intestinal malabsorption

Ulcerative colitis

A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing a diagnostic workup for a suspected gastrointestinal problem. The client reports gnawing epigastric pain following meals and heartburn. What would the nurse suspect this client has? peptic ulcer disease ulcerative colitis appendicitis diverticulitis

peptic ulcer disease

Which specific data should the nurse obtain from the client who is suspected of having peptic ulcer disease? 1. History of side effects experienced from all medications. Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Any known allergies to drugs and environmental factors. Medical histories of at least three (3) generations.

Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Which of the following assessment findings would be most important for indicating dumping syndrome in a postgastrectomy client? Abdominal distention, elevated temperature, weakness before eating Constipation, rectal bleeding following bowel movements Persistent loose stools, chills, hiccups after eating Weakness, diaphoresis, diarrhea 90 minutes after eating

Weakness, diaphoresis, diarrhea 90 minutes after eating

A nurse is teaching a group of middle-aged men about peptic ulcers. When discussing risk factors for peptic ulcers, the nurse should mention: a sedentary lifestyle and smoking. a history of hemorrhoids and smoking. alcohol abuse and a history of acute renal failure. alcohol abuse and smoking.

alcohol abuse and smoking.

A client has just been diagnosed with hepatitis A. On assessment, the nurse expects to note: severe abdominal pain radiating to the shoulder. anorexia, nausea, and vomiting. eructation and constipation. abdominal ascites.

anorexia, nausea, and vomiting.

A typical sign/symptom of appendicitis is: nausea. left lower quadrant pain. pain when pressure is applied to the right upper quadrant. high fever.

nausea.

A nursing assessment of a client with peritonitis reveals hypotension, tachycardia, and signs and symptoms of dehydration. What else would the nurse expect to find? tenderness and pain in the right upper abdominal quadrant jaundice and vomiting severe abdominal pain with direct palpation or rebound tenderness rectal bleeding and a change in bowel habits

severe abdominal pain with direct palpation or rebound tenderness