Global Issues Test 1

State

A political unit that is composed of people, a well-defined territory, and a set governing institutions is

Asymmetrical warfare is effectively demonstrated by terrorism

TRUE

Conditions in Pakistan provide an environment conducive to continuing violence by the Taliban, Al-Qaeda, and other terrorist groups

TRUE

Consolidating democracy is a long-term process that involves behavioral, attitudinal, and institutional transformations

TRUE

Economic power is often seen as the foundation of military and political power

TRUE

Geography is a major factor in the rise and fall of great powers

TRUE

Globalization has allowed criminal organizations to increase their activities

TRUE

Habeas corpus is the right to be brought before a judge or court to determine guilt or innocence

TRUE

Hugo Grotius, an advocate of natural law, is considered to be the father of international law

TRUE

Intellectual freedom is a common characteristic in the rise of great powers

TRUE

Interest groups are critical players in established democracies and in countries that are becoming democratic

TRUE

Manifest destiny is the ideology which paved the way for territory expansion from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean in the United States

TRUE

Many foreign policy and terrorism analysts view U.S. foreign policies in the Middle East as being conducive to terrorism

TRUE

One argument that is in favor of increased participation by women in the democratic process is that it makes the maximum use of available human resources

TRUE

One of the costs of terrorism is the cost to democracy, with governments justifying violations of individuals' rights on the grounds of national security

TRUE

One of the reasons for religious terrorism is that violence is believed to be a divine duty in accordance with theology

TRUE

Peacemaking is intervention by heavily armed military forces

TRUE

Terrorism is essentially a form of psychological warfare

TRUE

Virtual Network

A style of organization that is essentially leaderless and is facilitated by the Internet is referred to as a

A union of states

A type of non state actor or nongovernmental organization

universal rights

Developed by he Greek and Roman Stoics,freedoms to which every human is entitled

Advocacy organization

Example of an Amnesty International type of nongovernmental organization

Christianity,Potatoes, and Soccer(Football)

Examples of cultural globalization

Amnesty International is the world's oldest human rights nongovernmental organization

FALSE

Democratic enlargement is not a strategy used by the United States in order to maintain its power

FALSE

Economic development is not conducive to democracy

FALSE

Globalization has no effect on terrorism

FALSE

Globalization is not a threat to sovereignty

FALSE

Gross National Product (GNP) measures the total market value of all goods and services produced within a country

FALSE

In Cambodia, the Hutus committed many acts of genocide

FALSE

In the employee-minimizing strategy, companies increase profits at the employees' expense

FALSE

conscience

Individuals who are imprisoned because of their political, religious, or social beliefs are known as prisoners of

Which of the following is NOT a common way to finance terrorism?

Investments in the stock market

The Anglo-Irish Agreement gave

Ireland more responsibilities over Northern Ireland

Muslim extremists justify launching ______________________ (holy wars) on the basis of religion

Jihads

managed transitions democracy

Many military regimes in Africa, Asia, and Latin America implemented

The 2011 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to three women from Africa and the Arab world for their activism for women's rights

TRUE

The International Court of Justice was created in order to settle disputes between states

TRUE

The United Nations is an example of global governance

TRUE

influence the rise of a great power by pressuring the available domestic resources with population growth

Population Pressure

Why was the International Monetary Fund created?

In order to aid countries experiencing short-term balance-of-payment and liquidity problems.

Why was the World Bank created?

In order to help stimulate Europe's economy following the destruction from World War 2

Representative Democracy

What Modern democratic societies practice

Environmental Globalization

When countries work together to solve environmental problems is called

Asymmetrical Conflict

When relatively weak groups use low-tech tools to inflict significant damage on very powerful countries that have the most advanced military technologies these groups are using

protecting the rights of homosexuals

When the United States repealed its "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy, it was

Human Security

a concept of security that contains all of the everyday challenges that people face, excluding military issues

The Wahhabism

a conservative form of Islam embraced by the Taliban in Pakistan

The development of Al Qaeda is predominantly an example of

a failed state causing terrorism

Military Globalization

characterized by networks of military force that operate at the international level

Genocide

is the systematic mass murder of an ethnic, religious, or national group

China's rapidly growing power is

largely one-dimensional, based on its economy

The United States uses public goods in the global community in order to

lessen the chances of hostile alliances forming

Democracies that are defined by limitations on power of government and protections of civil liberties are known as

liberal democracies

The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine is an example of a

nationalist terrorist group

What is a weak globalizer position?

one that acknowledges the important changes in the international system, but does not believe that it has a huge effect

The Westminster model

one way in which the British deliberately prepared their Caribbean colonies for democratization

middle class

perceived as an important factor conducive to the growth of democracy

Coalitions of interests whose primary goal is to run the government by winning competitive elections are known as

political parties

culture and appeal.

"Soft power" includes a country's:

Edmund Burke

A British philosopher who was a strong critic of the French Reign of Terror was

The Lateran Treaty

A compromise between the Vatican and the Italian government

World War I was significant in American history because

America began abandoning isolationism.

A Terrorist group

An example of a Non state Actors

Printing Press

Assisted in the creation of the modern state

Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributed to 15 countries in Latin America transitioning to democracies between 1978 and 1993?

Authoritarian rulers willingly stepped down to let democracy take its course

The main goal of extremist youth groups who formed ETA was

Basque independence from Spain and preservation of culture and language

was created by European powers to prevent one country from dominating the others

Concert of Europe

liberalization

Democratic transitions usually begin with

International institutions like the United Nations, the IMF, and the World Bank are not used to legitimize the primacy of the United States in the global community

FALSE

John Stuart Mill stressed that focusing on the general will can lead to the tyranny of the majority

FALSE

Poverty is not considered to be a root of terrorism

FALSE

The Catholic Church is declining in the developing world

FALSE

The Potsdam Declaration announced the prosecution of the Germans following WWII

FALSE

The different forms of globalization have no effect on one another

FALSE

The emergence of a strong upper class is perceived as an important factor conducive to the growth of democracy

FALSE

The goals, strategies, and weapons of terrorism are the same for all terrorist groups

FALSE

The killing of Osama bin Laden in 2011 by U.S. Special Forces effectively ended global terrorism

FALSE

The modern state emerged following the American Revolution

FALSE

The view that free elections are a sufficient condition for democracy is known as the democratic fallacy

FALSE

There are six identifiable waves of globalization

FALSE

Throughout history, there has not been a multipolar distribution of power

FALSE

Voting in a town election is a form of unconventional participation

FALSE

composed of individuals who share common concerns and who believe that the most effective way to achieve their objectives is to organize and engage in political activities that exert pressure on government decision makers

FALSE

International regimes

Formed by states to cope with problems created from interdependence

Components of Economic Globalization

Global terms and global cities

Destroying states

NOT a main role of a non state actor

Great Depression

NOT one of the five waves of American decline described by Samuel Huntington

Freedom from governmental restrictions

NOT one of the four freedoms that are necessary for a just society

Truth about the Catholic Church

Oldest and most powerful global non state actor

One's status

One's social, economic, or political position

The rise and fall of Rome is an example of which theory?

Power transition theory

democratization

Pressure on countries to adopt market economies, which include privatization of state-owned economic activities, was widely regarded as a necessary step toward

A Public Good

Security is an example of a or a collective benefit

The United Nations no-fly zone over Libya to protect civilians during their country's transition to democracy was a form of humanitarian intervention

TRUE

The United States is considered to be a hegemon in the international arena

TRUE

The World Bank was set up by the United Nations

TRUE

The global or regional environment is widely perceived as playing a crucial role in either facilitating or impeding the growth of democracy

TRUE

The integration of European Union countries was a key issue in the 2011 euro zone crisis

TRUE

The process of changing from an authoritarian or totalitarian government to a democratic government that is widely regarded by the population and the global community as legitimate and permanent is known as democratization

TRUE

The three levels of internal state terrorism are intimidation, coerced conversion, and genocide

TRUE

Almost 98% of Americans consider the most potent non state challengers to American dominance to be

Terrorist Organizations

The Good Friday Agreement

The 1998 compromise that gave Britain control over Northern Ireland and the Irish a voice in government

presidential democracy

The United States is the best example of a

legal positivism

The absolute insistence on the supremacy of the laws is a key component of

due process of law

The concept that a person can't be deprived of life, liberty, or property without a fair trial based on fair procedures and rules is called

slavery

The first global human rights NGO was formed to address the problem of

American and French Revolutions

The first wave of democratization that can be identified in modern history is the

The Taliban

The former government of Afghanistan that repressed its people and supported Al-Qaeda

Tamil Tigers

The group in Sri Lanka that smuggles contraband in the Indian Ocean region to finance its activities

The Mujahdeen

The group of Islamic holy warriors fighting the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan

Economic Globalization

The intercontinental exchange of products, services, and labor.

Menachem Begin

The leader of the Irgun and Israel's first prime minister

Interdependence

The realities of globalization are reflected by which type of sovereignty

Habeas Corpus

The right of a person to be brought before a judge or court in order to determine their innocence or guilt is known as

International legal sovereignty

The type of sovereignty that focuses on the recognition of a state's independence by other states and respect for its territorial boundaries is called

humanitarian intervention

The use of military force in order to protect human rights is known as

Examples of Financial Globalization

The world bank and the international monetary fund

Lippmann Gap

a gap that has developed between a country's global ambitions and its resources available to fulfill these ambitions

Mujahedeen

a group of Islamic holy warriors fighting against Soviet occupation of Afghanistan

Uighurs

a group that rebelled against China's annexation of Xinjiang in 1759

The American "shock and awe" bombing of Baghdad was a demonstration of

a hegemon with a preponderance of military power.

Cicero

a leading Stoic and agreed with the natural law concept

Hubris

a term used to express the dangers of excessive pride and arrogance

Consensual

an intervention that is agreed upon by all states involved in the conflict

Multilateral Sanctions

are sanctions imposed by more than one country

The USA Patriot Act was enacted as a direct response to the

attacks on September 11, 2001

Balancing (a stronger power) is achieved by

building alliances

Networks of social relations and structures that exist independently of the government are known collectively as

civil society

one factor in increasing women's participation in leadership positions in democracies around the world

cold war

An interest group

composed of individuals who share common concerns and who believe that the most effective way to achieve their objectives is to organize and engage in political activities that exert pressure on government decision makers

Bill of Rights

consists of constitutional protections of individual rights in the United States

A framework of laws designed to designate specific powers and responsibilities to governmental institutions is called a

constitution

Fully developed democracies are characterized by ______________: a commitment to protecting individuals' rights, freedoms, and dignity from abuse by the government, institutions, society as a whole, and other individuals

constitutional liberalism

participation includes voting, running for office, assisting with political campaigns, and writing to elected officials

conventional

Global governance is based on ______________ as opposed to ______________

cooperation; unilateralism

International Criminal Court

created in 2002 to prosecute war criminal and others accused of gross violations of human rights

The Department of Homeland Security

created in 2003 as a direct response to the terrorist attacks in the United States on September 11, 2001

Instead of viewing Islam as the primary obstacle to _____________, many citizens in the Middle East perceive U.S. policies that support _____________ regimes as the most serious impediment to democracy.

democratization; authoritarian

In imperial overstretch

domestic affairs unravel as a country puts resources into military activities abroad

Binding (a stronger power) is achieved by

embedding the threatening country into an alliance

The transition of power from the G-7 to the G-20 represents

emerging market countries challenging America's leadership

A Global Issue

encompasses worldwide politics and traditional international relations

In the United States, the concept of manifest destiny helped to

expand U.S. territory from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean

the structure and institutions that combine to govern many aspects of state policies, especially concerning international relations

global governance

Sleep Cells

groups of terrorists who live what appear to be normal lives until instructed to commit terrorist attacks

The use of selective violence against military targets by insurgency forces is known as

guerrilla warfare

Domestic terrorism

happens within the borders of a state and is associated with extremist groups

Abu Ghaib

he U.S.-run prison in Iraq that committed abuses against Iraqi war detainees

A major characteristic of democratic transitions in the Middle East and North Africa was the

importance of young people using social media such as Facebook

What does the dependency theory state?

industrialized countries benefit from the current capitalist economic system at the expense of the poor.

Social networks such as Facebook and Twitter were

instrumental in spreading democratic revolts in the Middle East and North Africa.

Asymmetrical warfare

is a non state threat to the United States

Peacemaking

is intervention by heavily armed military forces

America's strength as a dominant power

is multidimensional

representation is a political and electoral system under which both majorities and minorities are represented

proportional representation

The Bretton Woods System

requires that the currencies of other countries have an exchange rate that is fixed to the dollar

Chile's first democratically elected Marxist president, was overthrown and killed in 1973 by a military dictator that the United States supported because he was an ally.

salvador allende

Marketing-building

seeks profit by building up markets rather than assaulting worker rights

cost-minimizing

strategy that aims to increase profits at the employees' expense.

The Power Transition Theory

stresses that the distribution of power in countries will rise and fall

Sleeper cells are terrorists who

terrorist who live apparently normal lives until instructed to commit acts of terrorism

At the end of World War II

the United States and the Soviet Union were superpowers.

Cultural relativism

the belief that culture determines the degree of protection of human rights

The Magna Carta

the first written legal protection for the British people

John Stuart Mill

the following philosopher questioned many major assumptions of utilitarianism

Economic sanctions

the most common type of sanctions

A democratic transition involves

the negotiation and acceptance of democratic rules and procedures. AND the building or restructuring of political, social, and economic institutions.

Due Process of Law

the protection of individual life, liberty, and property through a fair trial system

The most prevalent response to terrorism is

the use of force

Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation

used by China and Russia in order to challenge the U.S. framework for international security

A style of organization that is basically leaderless and facilitated by the Internet is known as

virtual networks

Monroe Doctrine

was a United States policy stated in 1823 that diminished European involvement in the Americas

The Warsaw Declaration

was signed in 2002 by more than half the world's countries, committing them to promoting democracy globally

League of Nations

worked to achieve world peace with international cooperation following World War I