GOV quiz 7

voter turnout in state and local selections is generally

much lower than turnout in national elections

Which three types of factors influence the decisions of voters at the polls?

partisan loyalty, issues, and the characteristics of candidates

Private groups that raise and distribute funds for election campaigns are called

political action committees

primary elections were introduced by

progressive reformers at the start of the 1900s

State ballot access laws, such as registration fees and petition requirements, have the effect of

reducing the number of third-party and independent candidates who can run for office

During the 1980s, the Republicans added ________ to their coalition.

religious conservatives and working-class whites

What issue led to the demise of the Whig Party?

slavery

Third parties in the United States typically represent

social and economic interests that are disregarded by the two major parties for certain reasons.

A political party is an organization

that tries to influence the government by getting its members elected to office.

During the early nineteenth century, the Jeffersonian Party's main base of strength was in

the South.

the federalist party disappeared, in part, as a result of

the War of 1812

Who is an incumbent?

the current officeholder, running for reelection

what is an incumbent

the current officeholder, running for reelection

Dealignment refers to

the decline of partisan attachment within the electorate, the growth in the number of voters identifying themselves as independents, and the rise of split-ticket voting.

which of the following political officers is/are subject to recall elections

the governor of the state of California

Which of the following parties originated from internal mobilization?

Jeffersonian Party

______ is the practice of tailoring campaign messages to individuals in small, homogenous groups.

Micro-targeting

the last election in which a major party presidential candidate accepted public funds was

2008

Approximately ________ percent of eligible voters turn out for midterm congressional elections.

35

527 committees are different from 501(c)(4) organizations because

501(c)(4) organizations do not have to publicly report who their donors are and how much they gave.

external mobilization occurs when

A group of politicians outside government organizes popular support to win governmental power

Which of the following groups was NOT part of the New Deal Coalition?

Asian Americans

The supreme court ruled that the government could not restrict independent expenditures by corporations or unions to political campaigns in

Citizens united v. federal election commission (2010)

the two major parties in US during 1830s and 1840s were the ___ and the ___.

Democrats; Whigs

________ occurs when one party controls the presidency while another party controls one or both houses of Congress.

Divided government

________ states currently allow voters to register and cast a ballot on the same day.

Fifteen

"me too" republicanism refers to

the tendency of Republican politicians during the New Deal to support popular programs such as Social Security rather than advocate alternative policies.

between 1812 and 1830s the US had

two political parties: the federalists and the jeffersonians republicans

The Populist Party appealed to which of the following groups?

western mining interests, small farmers, and urban workers

Historically, electoral realignments occur

when new issues combine with economic or political crises to mobilize new voters and persuade large numbers of voters to reexamine their traditional partisan loyalties.

the statement about party identification and gender in the US is MOST accurate?

women are significantly more likely than men to identify with the democratic party whereas more men identify as independents

________ states currently require all voters to show some form of ID before voting at the polls.

Thirty-four

The New Deal coalition was severely strained and ultimately broken apart by the

Vietnam War and the issue of civil rights.

Which of the following is the best example of direct democracy in the United States?

a referendum

which of the following would be an example of a ballot initiative?

a vote on whether recreational marijuana usage should be legalized in the state of California

______ occurs when one party controls the presidency while another party controls one or both houses of congress

divided government

The campaign funds raised and spent by 501(c)(4) organizations are called "dark money" because You Answered

donors and amounts contributed do not have to be made public.

Both 527s and 501(c)(4)s

- are limited to spending $100,000 per candidate per election - are not required to disc lose where they got their funds - can spend unlimited amounts of political advocacy as long as their efforts are not coordinated with those of any candidates campaigns

the majority of political action committees (PACs) represent

business and professional groups

Super PACs were made possible in part by the

- bipartisian campaign reform act - supreme court's decision in buckley v valeo - supreme court's decision in Citizens United v Federal Election Commission

in a proportional representation electoral system

- candidates can only win an election if they receive a majority of the overall votes - seats in the legislature are allocated to political parties based on their share of the total vote cast in the selection - every candidate that receives above a certain percentage of the vote(usually set at 20 percent) is awarded a seat in the legislature

Elections are ultimately about the choices that citizens make in a democracy. Describe the three factors that influence voters' decisions. In your answer, be sure to provide examples from recent elections of the role that each of these three factors played in determining how people voted.

- personal background - political party loyalty - voter's image on previous official

Which of the following occurs when one party replaces another party that has dominated national politics for a lengthy period of time?

an electoral realignment

When Richard Nixon employed his "southern strategy," he

appealed to disaffected white voters in the South

527 committees are an important part of the American political system because they

are able to raise and spend unlimited amounts of money as long as they do not coordinate their activities with a political party

Presidential candidates who accept federal funding for their general election campaigns

are subject to strict expenditure limits.

In order to win the presidency, a candidate must win

at least 270 electoral votes.

a proposed law or policy change that is placed on the ballot by citizens or interest groups for a popular vote

ballot initiative

in order to qualify for public funding in a presidential priary, a candidate ust

fun as a major party candidate and rise at least $5000 in individual contributions of $250 or less in each of 20 states

An individual's psychological attachment to one party or another is called a party ________.

identification

The right of candidates to spend their own money on running for office

is protected absolutely by the Constitution according to the Supreme Court.