Government Quiz 3

__________was heard from some 20,000 protesters, many of them women, in October of 1932 as they demanded repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment.

"We want beer"

Before it could take effect, the Constitution had to be ratified by __________ states.

9

The framers of the Constitution intended _________ to be the strongest branch(es) of government.

Congress

The _________ guaranteed citizenship to all persons, including blacks.

Fourteenth Amendment

The _________ Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.

Fourth

Which state legislature sent no delegates to the Constitutional Convention?

Rhode Island

Which document proclaimed, "Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not ... expressly delegated to the United States"?

The Articles of Confederation

The chief obstacle to ratification of the Constitution by the states was

the omission of a bill of rights.

Under separation of powers, the U.S. system keeps power among branches balanced by enabling one branch to counter the actions of another by the use of

checks and balances.

The original draft of the Declaration of Independence

condemned the king's support of the slave trade.

Under the Constitution, the slave trade

could be ended after twenty years.

A constitutional clause that allows for a broad interpretation of implied powers is known as a(n) __________ clause.

elastic

The constitutional amendment process requires

extraordinary majorities.

Shays's Rebellion consisted of

farmers trying to prevent foreclosure on their property for debts and taxes owed.

Unless they are impeached, federal judges serve

for life.

The key principle argued in the case Marbury v. Madison was

judicial review.

Article I of the Constitution refers to the

legislative branch.

The first fighting in the American Revolution happened in ________ in early 1775.​

massachusetts

The text of the Constitution deals with slavery by

not mentioning it directly.

An estimated _________ American colonists remained loyal to the British Crown.

one in five

The chief goal of the drafters of the Articles of Confederation was to​

protect states' rights.

According to the New Jersey Plan, how was representation to be structured in Congress?

There would be one house, and all states would have equal representation in it.

Originally, the Constitutional Convention's purpose was to

revise the Articles of Confederation.

The assignment in the Constitution of lawmaking, law-enforcing, and law-interpreting functions to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches respectively is known as

separation of powers.

After the Constitution was amended to permit the federal government to levy a progressive income tax, government could more effectively further the goal of

social equality.

The Daughters of Liberty opposed British rule by

spinning their own cloth and using colonial products rather than buying imported British products.

The Bill of Rights consists of the first __________ amendments to the Constitution.

ten

A major event that led to greater British taxation of American colonies was

the Seven Years' War.

The original procedure for selecting the vice president, under the electoral college, was

the candidate with the next-greatest number of votes would become vice president.

A confederation can best be described as

a loose association of independent states.

Antifederalists attacked the proposed Constitution on the grounds that

the national government it created was too strong.

The American Revolution effectively ended with the surrender of Cornwallis and his army at Yorktown in

​1781

​The main positive result of the Annapolis Convention was

​a call for a larger meeting of the states, with a broader mission.

Article I, Section 8 of the constitution articulates the principle of _________, granting Congress limited powers.​

​enumerated powers

According to John Locke, all legitimate political authority exists to preserve​

​natural rights.

The three-fifths compromise resolved the issue of​

​representation of slaves.

​The notion that governmental authority springs from the consent of the governed is derived from

​social contract theory.

Among the most undemocratic​ features of the U.S. Constitution is the

​state equality rule.

Shays's Rebellion was ultimately defeated by​

​the Massachusetts militia.

The plan presented at the Constitutional Convention generally favored ​by large states was

​the Virginia Plan

​Historian Jack Rakove argues that in the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson was arguing for

​the collective right of revolution and self-government.

Which amendment does the text categorize as "disastrous"?

Eighteenth Amendment

The _________ Amendment protects against excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishment.

Eighth

Supporters of the Constitution named themselves

Federalists.

The power of Congress to charter a bank is an example of what type of power?

Implied

Which of the following is not a power granted to the president under the Constitution?

The power to declare war

When compared with the U.S. Constitution, most American state constitutions

are longer and more detailed.

The main argument against the need for a bill of rights was that

the Constitution established a government of limited powers; because the government was not given the power to regulate individual liberties, no bill of rights was necessary.

The Articles of Confederation failed because

they did not provide an effective means for the government to raise money, they did not include an independent leader to direct the government, and they did not give the government the power to regulate commerce.

​Federalist No. 10 and Federalist No. 51 each argue, from different angles, that the constitution combats

tyranny

To amend the Articles of Confederation required a(n)

unanimous vote of the Confederation Congress.