Government [Unit 2]
1. In what way was the government of ancient Athens different from that of the United States? [Unit 2, Lesson 16] A. Athens was a direct democracy in which citizens voted on laws themselves. B. Athens was an oligarchy ruled by the wealthy members of the Council of Five Hundred. C. Athens was a republic in which the people voted for their representatives. D. Athens was an autocracy ruled by a dictator who had absolute power.
A
1. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were European philosophers who influenced American founding documents with which theory? [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. social contract theory B. divine right of kings theory C. no taxation without representation theory D. equal pay for equal work theory
A
10. What did Thomas Jefferson mean by the phrase "all men are created equal"? [Unit 2, Lesson 7] A. All citizens should be treated the same by law. B. The intelligence of all persons is about the same. C. Wealth should be divided up so all persons have the same. D. Women are not as important to society as men.
A
11. This excerpt was written to [Unit 2, Lesson 15] In the compound republic of America, the power surrendered by the people is first divided between two distinct governments, and then the portion allotted to each is subdivided among distinct and separate departments. Hence a double security arises to the rights of the people. The different governments will control each other, at the same time that each will be controlled by itself. -The Federalist No. 51 A. convince people that the Constitution contained safeguards against government becoming too strong. B. convince people that the power they gave up would be used wisely by a central government. C. remind people that the concept of popular sovereignty was written into the Constitution. D. remind people that the government must always be subject to majority rule.
A
14. Read this quote from Alexander Hamilton. The interpretation of the laws is the proper and peculiar province of the courts. A constitution is, in fact, and must be regarded by the judges as a fundamental law....If there should happen to be an irreconcilable variance between the two...the Constitution ought to be prepared to the statue.... -Alexander Hamilton, The Federalist No. 78 Hamilton's statement is fundamental to which concept? [Unit 2, Lesson 16] A. B. C. D.
A
18. One of the main reasons the Founding Fathers created federalism was because they believed that [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. dividing power among the states and the national government would prevent any government entity from abusing its authority. B. local governments, if left unchecked by the national government, would spend so much money that they would go bankrupt. C. the national government had to strongly control the activities of state governments. D. without a strong national government, the country would never be able to expand its borders.
A
19. Which is a function of state governments that is not a function of the federal government? [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. creation of a public school system B. collection of taxes C. regulation of interstate commerce D. punishment for crimes
A
2. Which of the following is the best definition of the public policies of a government? [Unit 2, Lesson 1] A. everything a government decides to do B. everything a government does related to public services C. everything a government does to collect taxes D. everything a government decides to do regarding foreign affairs
A
2. Which of the following was one compromise related to the Declaration of Independence that was agreed to by the delegates to the Second Continental Congress? [Unit 2, Lesson 7] A. Language condemning the slave trade was removed. B. Language criticizing the English people was strengthened. C. A list of grievances against the king was removed. D. A list of grievances against tax collectors was strengthened.
A
3. Which forms of government are most associated with the United States? [Unit 2, Lesson 3] A. democratic, republican, federal, and presidential B. democratic, republican, unitary, and parliamentary C. democratic, monarchic, confederate, and anarchic D. democratic, oligarchic, federal, and presidential
A
3. Which of the following is an advantage of a presidential government? [Unit 2, Lesson 4] A. The president is elected independently of the legislature. B. The president is part of the legislative branch of government. C. A system of checks and balances increases legislative power. D. A system of checks and balances increases presidential power.
A
3. Which of the following is an example of checks and balances in government? [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. Congress can override a presidential veto by a two-thirds vote in each house. B. The legislature and judiciary work together to enact legislation. C. The president appoints the members of the cabinet. D. Certain procedures must be followed to amend the Constitution.
A
4. In which way does a dictatorship differ from a democracy? [Unit 2, Lesson 3] A. In a dictatorship, the power is held by one person and political party. B. Leaders in a dictatorship are always democratically elected. C. Dictatorships have short-term limits on their rule. D. A democracy exists if the people can vote, regardless if the ballot contains only one candidate or party.
A
5. What is executive power? [Unit 2, Lesson 11] A. power to enforce laws B. power to pass laws C. power to publish amendments D. power to veto treaties
A
6. Which of the following is the best definition of government? [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. the entity that makes and enforces public policy B. the entity that negotiates treaties with foreign governments C. the entity that raises money by taxing citizens D. the entity that judges crimes and administers justice
A
7. Why did the Framers of the Constitution put the regulation of monetary policy in the hands of the federal government instead of the states? [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. They wanted the nation to have a unified currency. B. They wanted the nation to avoid inflation and deflation. C. They wanted the central government to be supreme over the states. D. They wanted the central government to control the economy of each state.
A
8. How does the chief executive of a parliamentary system differ from that of a presidential system? [Unit 2, Lesson 1] PRESIDENTIAL: Legislative Branch ⬅️ Voters elect the legislature and the chief executive. ➡️ Chief Executive ➡️ Executive Branch -The two branches are independent. PARLIAMENTARY: Voters elect the legislature. ➡️ Legislative Branch ➡️ Chief Executive -Prime minister is leader of majority party (or like-minded group of parties) in parliament and is chosen by that body. A. Unlike a president, a prime minister is a member of both the legislative and executive branches. B. Unlike a president, the prime minister is elected by the citizenry. C. Unlike a president, the prime minister is the only member of the executive branch. D. Unlike a president, the prime minister is under the direct control of the legislature.
A
1. Which of the following events happened last? [Unit 2, Lesson 5] A. the Stamp Act B. the Intolerable Act C. the establishment of the first British colony in the New World D. the Writs of Assistance
B
1. Which statement best describes the importance of the Magna Carta? [Unit 2, Lesson 4] A. British judges should hold judicial power. B. Even the king must respect certain rights of the people. C. Federalism is the best form of government. D. Parliament should have the power to determine tax rates.
B
10. How does the Tenth Amendment, shown below, demonstrate a constitutional provision for limiting government? [Unit 2, Lesson 11] The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. A. It gives explicit powers to state governments. B. States and individuals have the powers and rights not claimed by the federal government in the Constitution. C. It defines the rights of the people. D. It prevents the federal government from intervening in individual affairs.
B
10. The Necessary and Proper Clause, shown below, is used to justify what category of government powers in the federal system? [Unit 2, Lesson 16] [Congress has the power] to make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof. -Article I, Section 8 A. B. C. D.
B
10. Which idea served as one of the foundations of American government? [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. a state religion B. constitutionalism C. authoritarian government D. divine right
B
12. How did the Bill of Rights help to satisfy the arguments of some critics of the U.S. Constitution? [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. It guaranteed the powers of the federal government. B. It guaranteed certain freedoms and rights to the people. C. It limited the authority of state governments. D. It restricted the territories in which slavery was legal.
B
15. Which two principles are the foundation of every state's constitution? [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. powers and process B. popular sovereignty and limited government C. structure and civil rights D. fundamental law and civil rights
B
17. When the Framers created the legislative branch of government, why did they decide that this branch would have a bicameral structure? [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. They wanted to ensure equal representation for each of the thirteen states. B. The Framers formed a bicameral legislature as a compromise between small states, which wanted equal representation in the legislature, and large states, which wanted representation based on population. C. Fearing a powerful judiciary chosen by the president, the Framers wanted a two-house legislature to balance the other two branches of government. D. Fearing a tyrannical executive branch, the Framers were persuaded to create a bicameral legislature by the arguments of James Madison and Alexander Hamilton.
B
17. Which of the following examples is not grounds for losing one's American citizenship? [Unit 2, Lesson 16] A. B. C. D.
B
2. How is the force theory similar to the social contract theory? [Unit 2, Lesson 2] A. Both theories give the population a choice about how much power to give to the leader. B. Neither theory relies on religion as the source of power. C. Both theories expect the population to absolutely obey the leader. D. In both theories, the leader is granted power through his family ties.
B
3. According to John Locke's social contract theory, who should hold power? [Unit 2, Lesson 2] A. the government B. the people C. the president D. the legislature
B
3. According to the Declaration of Independence, how do governments get their just power? [Unit 2, Lesson 7] A. from the authority of the early family B. from the consent of the governed C. from the right of conquest D. from the right of inheritance
B
3. What belief is the principle of popular sovereignty based upon? [Unit 2, Lesson 5] A. The government must be run by officials who are appointed to office by their predecessors. B. The government gets its power from the people and can exist only with their consent. C. The people have the authority to declare any federal or state law unconstitutional by voting on it. D. The people do not have to obey any laws with which they disagree.
B
3. Which of the following lists the three basic powers a government must have? [Unit 2, Lesson 1] A. executive power, legislative power, military power B. legislative power, executive power, judicial power C. economic power, judicial power, legislative power D. judicial power, diplomatic power, executive power
B
4. To what concept of government does this excerpt refer? Use the excerpt to answer the question. [Unit 2, Lesson 7] ...whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundations on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. -The Unanimous Declaration of the Thirteen United States of America A. the divine right of kings B. the social contract C. unalienable rights D. absolute rule
B
4. What constitutional principle prevents the tyranny that James Madison describes in the quotation below from taking place? [Unit 2, Lesson 11] The accumulation of all powers, legislative, executive, and judiciary, in the same hands, whether of one, a few, or many...may justly be pronounced the very definition of tyranny. -James Madison, The Federalist No. 47, 1788 A. popular sovereignty B. separation of powers C. federalism D. judicial review
B
4. Which of the following demonstrates how the American government provides for the common defense of the nation? Use the Preamble to the Constitution to answer the question. [Unit 2, Lesson 16] We the people of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. A. B. C. D.
B
5. According to the textbook, "Thomas Jefferson called the [Declaration of Independence] 'pure Locke,'" referring to the English philosopher John Locke. Which of the following ideas shows Locke's influence on the Declaration of Independence? [Unit 2, Lesson 16] A. B. C. D.
B
5. What is a key difference between a federal government and a confederate government? [Unit 2, Lesson 4] A. In a federal government, state governments have the most power. In a confederate government, a central government has the most power. B. In a federal government, the national government and the states share power. In a confederate government, state governments have the most power. C. In a federal government, state governments have the most power. In a confederate government, the national government and the states share power. D. In a federal power, the central government has the most power. In a confederate government, the national government and the states are equal powers.
B
7. Which statement best describes the importance of the Magna Carta? [Unit 2, Lesson 7] A. British judges should hold judicial power. B. Even the king must respect certain rights of the people. C. Federalism is the best form of government. D. Parliament should have the power to determine tax rates.
B
7. Why might this particular classification be most meaning to people? [Unit 2, Lesson 4] To many people, the most meaningful of these classifications [of government] is the one that depends on the number of persons who can take part in the governing process. A. It indicates the balance of power in a government. B. It indicates how democratic a government is. C. It indicates a government's geographic distribution of power. D. It indicates how flexible a government's laws are.
B
8. Which factor makes a system of government a theocracy and not a republic? [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. when one leader runs the government B. when laws must be in line with religion C. when the people are allowed to vote for their representatives D. when there is more that one branch of government
B
9. Why are conflicts between the executive and legislative branches of a parliamentary government unlikely to occur? [Unit 2, Lesson 4] A. Parliament as a whole maintains strict oversight over the executive branch. B. The executive branch is part of the Parliament, which is the legislature. C. There are checks and balances among the different branches. D. The central government's limited power restricts its ability to act on behalf of the country as a whole.
B
10. Which of the following characteristics of all states are also shared by the United States? Select all that apply. [Unit 2, Lesson 4] A. open borders B. government C. population D. sovereignty E. territory F. universal rights
B, C, D, E
1. A political system that separates the law-making and law-enforcing branches is called what? [Unit 2, Lesson 3] A. a federal system B. a parliamentary system C. a presidential system D. a unitary system
C
1. This chart lists the four characteristics that all states share. Which of these characteristics represents the system a state uses to make and enforce public policy? [Unit 2, Lesson 2] The Four Characteristics of a State -Population -Territory -Government -Sovereignty A. population B. sovereignty C. government D. territory
C
1. What is government? [Unit 2, Lesson 1] A. the services provided for a community, such as police protection, fire protection, and public health programs B. the laws that protect people's rights and ensure the safety of a state's citizens C. the institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies D. the process by which public officials are elected to and removed from office
C
1. Which of the following is true about the formal amendment process for the Constitution? [Unit 2, Lesson 11] A. Any citizen may propose an amendment. B. Only Congress may propose an amendment. C. Both houses of Congress must pass a resolution to propose an amendment. D. The president can veto an amendment.
C
1. Which of the following most directly led to the calling of the First Continental Congress? [Unit 2, Lesson 6] A. the Stamp Act Congress B. the Stamp Act C. the Intolerable Acts D. the Boston Tea Party
C
13. Read this excerpt from the textbook: In 1952, at the height of the Korean War, a labor dispute threatened to shut down the nation's steel industry and imperil the war effort. To avert a strike, President Harry Truman, acting as commander in chief, ordered the Secretary of Commerce to seize and operate several steel mills. But the Supreme Court found that here the President had overstepped his constitutional authority. It held that only Congress, acting under its commerce power, could authorize the seizure of private property in time of war, and it had not done so. This is an example of [Unit 2, Lesson 16] A. B. C. D.
C
13. What is the main purpose of this excerpt from The Federalist No. 51, and which of the following best illustrates it? [Unit 2, Lesson 15] TO WHAT expedient, then, shall we finally resort, for maintaining in practice the necessary partition of power among the several departments, as laid down in the Constitution? The only answer that can be given is, that as all these exterior provisions are found to be inadequate, the defect must be supplied, by so contriving the interior structure of the government as that its several constituent parts may, by their mutual relations, be the means of keeping each other in their proper places. A. to outline the powers of the executive branch; the president signs a treaty B. to outline the powers of the legislative branch; Congress changes the date of an election C. to outline the system of checks and balances among the three branches; the Supreme Court declares a law unconstitutional D. to outline the system of checks and balances among the three branches; the president announces that he will run for a third term
C
15. Read this excerpt from the textbook: During the years the Articles of Confederation were in force (1781 - 1789), there were no national courts and no national judiciary. The laws of the United States were interpreted and applied as each State saw fit, and sometimes not at all. Disputes between States and between persons who lived in different States were decided, if at all, by the courts in one of the States involved. Often, decisions by the courts in one State were ignored by courts in the other States. This excerpt from the textbook explains why [Unit 2, Lesson 16] A. B. C. D.
C
16. Many states refused to ratify the Constitution unless [Unit 2, Lesson 16] A. B. C. D.
C
2. What principle of government presented by the U.S. Constitution is Montesquieu describing? Use this quote by the French Enlightenment thinker Baron de Montesquieu to answer the question. [Unit 2, Lesson 16] In every government there are three sorts of power; the legislative; the executive, in respect to things dependent on the law of nations; and the executive, in regard to things that depend on the civil law. A. B. C. D.
C
2. Which of the following statements best describes a federal system of government? [Unit 2, Lesson 3] A. Independent states form an alliance and give up clearly defined and limited powers to a national government. B. The national government holds all power, creating and abolishing local governments as it wishes. C. State or regional governments share power with a national government. D. States hold all the power and there is no central government.
C
3. If you know that a nation uses a parliamentary system of government, but have no other information, what do you know for certain about the structure of that government? [Unit 2, Lesson 16] A. B. C. D.
C
4. In what way is the United States a representative democracy? [Unit 2, Lesson 1] A. Citizens allow a self-appointed elite to make decisions for them. B. Citizens decide laws and policies directly in mass meetings. C. Citizens choose small groups of people to make laws and policies for them. D. Citizens elect a president who has absolute power to make decisions for them.
C
4. What message was Franklin trying to convey to the Second Continental Congress when he spoke these words? [Unit 2, Lesson 6] We must all hang together, or assuredly we shall all hang separately. -Benjamin Franklin A. The thirteen colonies should make peace with Great Britain since they were much more likely to thrive as a colony than as a separate nation. B. Each of the thirteen colonies should make its own trade and other agreements with Great Britain. C. The thirteen colonies should work together to better their chance of success of winning independence from Great Britain. D. The thirteen colonies should enlist the support of other countries as they negotiate with Great Britain over its colonial policies.
C
4. Which of the following best explains the main differences among royal, proprietary, and charter colonies? [Unit 2, Lesson 5] A. Royal colonies were governed directly by the king, proprietary colonies were led by elected officials in England, and charter colonies were led by religious officials. B. Royal colonies were made up of a two-house legislature, proprietary colonies were governed by a unicameral body, and charter colonies were composed of colonial colonies. C. Royal colonies had governors appointed by the king, proprietary colonies were organized by a person who was granted land, and charter colonies were led by governors elected by male property owners. D. Royal colonies had governors who were appointed by Parliament, proprietary colonies were organized by religious dissidents, and charter colonies were set up by officials who received charters for the land.
C
4. Which of the following is an accurate example of exercising legislative power? [Unit 2, Lesson 4] A. the president signing a bill into law B. the election of representatives to Congress C. the Senate voting on a bill D. the Supreme Court deciding a law is unconstitutional
C
5. Which of the following is a democratic concept evident in this excerpt? Use the excerpt to answer the question. [Unit 2, Lesson 7] That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed,... -The Unanimous Declaration of the Thirteen United States of America A. division of power B. checks and balances C. popular sovereignty D. natural rights
C
6. Which of the following powers is a concurrent power shared by both the federal government and the state governments? [Unit 2, Lesson 11] A. making treaties or forming alliances with foreign governments B. regulating public utilities such as gas or electric power C. levying and collecting taxes from businesses and citizens D. collecting duties or tariffs on imported goods
C
6. Which of these documents inspired the "unalienable rights" outlined in the Declaration of Independence? [Unit 2, Lesson 7] A. Code of Hammurabi B. Petition of Right C. Thomas Hobbes's Leviathan D. Thomas Paine's Common Sense
C
6. Which philosophers of the European Enlightenment influenced the founding documents of American government? [Unit 2, Lesson 1] A. Michel de Montaigne and Denis Diderot B. Charles de Montesquieu and Mary Wollstonecraft C. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke D. Isaac Newton and Voltaire
C
7. The Intolerable Acts led most directly to which event? [Unit 2, Lesson 16] A. B. C. D.
C
8. The Framers included the Supremacy Clause in the Constitution for the purpose of [Unit 2, Lesson 16] A. B. C. D.
C
8. The guarantee of religious liberty found in this proposed law is the sort of guarantee of individual rights that Anti-Federalists demanded be added to the Constitution. [Unit 2, Lesson 11] We the General Assembly of Virginia do enact, that no man shall be compelled to frequent or support any religious Worship place or Ministry whatsoever, nor shall be enforced, restrained, molested, or burthened [burdened] in his body or goods, nor shall otherwise suffer on account of his religious opinions or belief, but that all men shall be free to profess, and by argument to maintain their opinions in matters of religion, and that the same shall in no wise [way] diminish, enlarge, or affect their civil capacities. -Virginia General Assembly, 1777 This resulting listing of basic liberties in the Constitution is called A. the First Amendment. B. Article V. C. the Bill of Rights. D. the Declaration of Independence.
C
8. Which of the following dest describes why The Stamp Act Congress was a turning point in the relationship between England and the American colonies? [Unit 2, Lesson 7] A. It showed that the colonists no longer wanted to pay taxes on British goods. B. It inspired Benjamin Franklin to draw a famous cartoon about it. C. It led to organized resistance which spread throughout the colonies. D. It led to adoption of the Albany Plan.
C
8. Which political system separates the law-making and law-enforcing branches of government? [Unit 2, Lesson 4] A. federal system B. parliamentary system C. presidential system D. unitary system
C
9. Which of the following is a disadvantage of a federal system of government? [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. The most power belongs only to the local, or regional, government. B. Local governments have only those powers the central government chooses to give them. C. Each state or local government can have its own policy on the same issue. D. The central government's ability to act on behalf of the country as a whole is restricted because of its limited power.
C
9. Which of the following powers is a concurrent power shared by both the federal government and the state governments? [Unit 2, Lesson 16] A. B. C. D.
C
9. Which statement best describes the views stated in Thomas Paine's Common Sense? [Unit 2, Lesson 7] A. Citizens have the right to petition the government. B. Colonial government needs a stronger system of courts. C. Colonies should declare their independence from Britain. D. Kings should dismiss legislative bodies and rule as absolute monarchs.
C
1. How does the Pledge of Allegiance to the flag of the United States reflect the concept of natural rights? [Unit 2, Lesson 7] A. The Pledge of Allegiance includes the phrase "under God." B. The Pledge of Allegiance recognizes the United States as a republic. C. The Pledge of Allegiance states that the flag represents the republic. D. The Pledge of Allegiance includes the phrase "with liberty and justice for all."
D
10. Which of the following ideas is embodied in this excerpt? [Unit 2, Lesson 1] ...that the pretended power of suspending the laws, or the execution of laws, by regal authority, without consent of Parliament is illegal...that levying money for or to the use of the Crown...without grant of Parliament...is illegal...that it is the right of the subjects to petition the king...and that prosecutions for such petitioning are illegal... -English Bill of Rights A. The king needed the consent of Parliament to appoint advisors and ministers. B. The king had the right to prosecute illegal petitions protesting royal laws. C. The king had the power to suspend laws without Parliament's consent. D. The king needed the consent of Parliament in order to tax people.
D
11. Identify which fact about the amendment process best supports this quotation from the textbook. [Unit 2, Lesson 16] The formal amendment process emphasizes the federal character of the governmental system. A. B. C. D.
D
12. Read this excerpt from the U.S. Constitution. To declare War, grant letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water; To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years; -Article I, Section 8 This section of the Constitution relates to [Unit 2, Lesson 16] A. B. C. D.
D
14. Why is it easier for the prime minister of Britain to pass legislation than it is for the U.S. president? [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. The United Kingdom is a federal system where the prime minister is chosen by the British queen. This provides the prime minister the opportunity to be politically aggressive to pass legislation. B. The United Kingdom is a parliamentary system where the prime minister is chosen by the courts. This allows the prime minister to be politically aggressive to pass legislation. C. The United Kingdom is a federal system where the prime minister is chosen by voters. This provides the prime minister with considerable legislative and executive power. D. The United Kingdom is a parliamentary system where the prime minister is chosen by and is part of the Parliament. This provides the prime minister with considerable legislative and executive power.
D
16. In this extract from the Federalist Papers, Alexander Hamilton most likely used a comparison between the president of the United States and the king of Great Britain to show [Unit 2, Lesson 15] The President of the United States would be an officer elected by the people for four years; the king of Great Britain is a perpetual and hereditary prince. The one would be amendable to personal punishment and disgrace; the person of the other is sacred and inviolable. The one would have a qualified negative upon the acts of the legislative body; the other has an absolute negative. The one would have a right to command the military and naval forces of the nation; the other, in addition to this right, possesses that of declaring war, of raising and regulating fleets and armies by his own authority. The one would have a concurrent power with a branch of the legislature in the formation of treaties; the other is the sole possessor of the power of making treaties. -Federalist No. 69 A. that the president is just as powerful as the king. B. that the king has treated the colonists unfairly. C. that the president will deliberately refrain from becoming king. D. that the president is subject to far more constraints that the king is.
D
2. What is a legitimate government? [Unit 2, Lesson 5] A. one in which government leaders obtain and keep power by using force B. one that offers the fastest solutions to a nation's problems and citizens' needs C. one that is created by a union of many smaller groups that could not obtain power on their own D. one that is accepted by its people and other governments as the sovereign authority of a nation
D
2. What makes some rights "unalienable"? [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. Laws are written that guarantee those rights. B. People achieve those rights when they become of age. C. People vote to allow those rights. D. Those rights are natural and absolute.
D
2. Which of the following best paraphrases this statement? [Unit 2, Lesson 6] We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights,... -The Unanimous Declaration of the Thirteen United States of America A. People must show allegiance to their king and country throughout their lives. B. People need to help others understand their basic rights as citizens. C. People owe their allegiance first to God, then to the monarch. D. People are born with certain rights that no one can take from them.
D
2. Which of the following statements is an accurate description of how social contract theory influenced the structure of American government? [Unit 2, Lesson 4] A. Social contract theory influenced the division of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. B. Social contract theory influenced the federal structure of American government. C. Social contract theory influenced the division of Congress into the House of Representatives and the Senate. D. Social contract theory influenced the balance between individual rights and governmental powers.
D
2. Why was it a problem that Congress did not have the power to tax under the Articles of Confederation? [Unit 2, Lesson 11] A. Congress wanted to provide more services, but it could not afford to without taxes. B. Congress could not regulate trade between the states. C. Congress had to print its own money. D. Congress had to borrow money, which increased the U.S. debt.
D
3. What argument was Oliver Wendell Holmes making in this quotation about how the federal system works? [Unit 2, Lesson 11] I do not think the United States would come to an end if we [the Court] lost our power to declare an Act of Congress void. I do think the Union would be imperiled if we could not make that declaration as to the laws of the several states. -Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes A. Laws passed by state governments are so varied and numerous that the federal government should have no say over their constitutionality. B. Congress does not pass unconstitutional laws, so there is less need for the Supreme Court to review those laws. C. All state laws should be reviewed by the Supreme Court to keep the federal system running. D. The Supreme Court needs to be able to settle disputes between the states and the federal government by reviewing the constitutionality of state laws.
D
3. Which of the following accurately summarizes the different purposes of the First and the Second Continental Congresses? [Unit 2, Lesson 6] A. The First Continental Congress was held to write new laws for the colonies, while the Second Continental Congress implemented those laws. B. The First Continental Congress was held to write new state constitutions, while the Second Continental Congress ratified those constitutions. C. The First Continental Congress was held to limit the authority of royal governors in the colonies, while the Second Continental Congress issued the Declaration of Rights. D. The First Continental Congress was held to determine a response to British policies, while the Second Continental Congress governed the nation during the Revolutionary War.
D
4. State governments may do all of the following with the exception of [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. allowing the sale of firearms. B. requiring professionals to have licenses. C. controlling the sale of alcoholic beverages. D. imposing taxes on imports.
D
5. Which of the following actions best describes judicial power in the United States? [Unit 2, Lesson 15] A. The Supreme Court judges make new laws. B. The president appoints Supreme Court judges. C. Supreme Court judges serve in their positions for life. D. The Supreme Court judges the constitutionality of a law.
D
5. Which statement best expresses the concerns of the founders of the American government? [Unit 2, Lesson 1] We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. -U.S. Constitution, Preamble A. Their focus was to create a government that protected the nation from foreign enemies. B. Their focus was to create a government that protected the nation from domestic threats. C. Their focus was to create a nation that protected national interests over individual rights. D. Their focus was to create a government that protected all aspects of the nation and its people.
D
6. How does this excerpt from the Declaration of Independence exemplify the difference between a dictatorship and a democracy? [Unit 2, Lesson 4] We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.—That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed,... A. It states that "all men are created equal," which is true in a dictatorship but not in a democracy. B. It states that everyone has "unalienable Rights," which is true in a democracy but not in a dictatorship. C. It states that the Creator gives people "unalienable Rights," which is true in a democracy but not in a dictatorship. D. It states that governments "deriv[e] their just powers from the consent of the governed," which is true in a democracy but not in a dictatorship.
D
6. Which of the following best paraphrases this statement? Read the excerpt and answer the question. [Unit 2, Lesson 16] We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights,... -The Unanimous Declaration of the Thirteen United States of America A. B. C. D.
D
7. What was the main conflict in the government in the years after the ratification of the Constitution? [Unit 2, Lesson 11] A. Democrats vs. Republicans B. domestic concerns vs. foreign relations C. legislative vs. judicial branch D. national vs. state powers
D
7. Which one of these explanations about the origins of states best applies to the type of political system created by the U.S. Constitution? [Unit 2, Lesson 1] Force Theory- An individual or group claimed control over a territory by force and established rule over its population, thus becoming the government. Evolutionary Theory- Primitive families claimed a territory after selling it. The heads of the families eventually became the rulers of a government. Divine Right of Kings Theory- God created the state. The government is made up of those chosen by God to rule a certain territory. Social Contract Theory- The population in a territory gave power to certain individual so that those people could form a government to protect the interests of the population. A. force theory B. evolutionary theory C. divine right of kings theory D. social contract theory
D
9. Which compromise prevented Congress from challenging "the migration or importation of such persons as any State now existing shall think proper to admit"? [Unit 2, Lesson 11] A. the Great Compromise B. the Three-Fifths Compromise C. the Connecticut Compromise D. the Commerce/Slave Trade Compromise
D
9. Which of the following best explains what the philosophers of the Enlightenment and the Founding Fathers meant by the phrase "unalienable rights"? [Unit 2, Lesson 1] A. legal rights B. political equality C. popular sovereignty D. natural rights
D
18. What is the significance of John Marshall's ruling in Marbury v. Madison? Provide examples of the impact of this ruling. [Unit 2, Lesson 16] Essay: The significance of John Marshall's ruling in Marbury v. Madison is that it set the precedent for the reviewing of the judicial checks and balances, establishing the judicial branch as equal to the legislative and executive branches. It was a court case over the appointment of the Supreme Court Justice and the powers of the Supreme Court.
E
19. How is the principle of federalism connected to the idea of limited government? Use details you learned from the textbook to support your answer. [Unit 2, Lesson 16] Essay: Federalism is a system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central, or national, government and several regional governments. Limited government is a basic principle of American government which states that government is restricted in what it may do, and each individual has rights that government cannot take away; see constitutionalism, popular sovereignty. The principle of federalism is connected to the idea of limited government because of federalism, the government is limited and does not hold all power over the citizens.
E
20. Give at least two reasons why the Articles of Confederation were inadequate to meet the needs of the time. [Unit 2, Lesson 16] Essay: 1. It did not have the power to tax. 2. It did not have the power to enforce laws.
E