GRD 167 Photographic Imaging Midterm Review
Who introduced a simple box camera with roll film that was sent in to have processed that revolutionized photography for the masses c. 1900?
Eastman
The earliest photograph found thus far was taken by
Niepce
What files need to be processed and output to other file types to be viewed by others, like JPG?
RAW
The lighting is a lighting technique that can be described by saying "it creates a triangular patch of light on the leading cheek", is known as?
Rembrandt lighting
What three settings give you the most control over your images? These are the ones you want to use the most to capture the images in your imagination.
TV or S (for shutter speed priority) AV or A (for Aperture Priority) M (for Manual)
The Farm Security Administration sponsored a major documentary effort that documented what?
The Great Depression
Maximum aperture is what kind of opening that your lens is capable of, usually expressed as "1:" followed by the maximum aperture as written on your lens?
largest
The choice of what is an essential part of the design process?
lens
What lighting is a variation of the Butterfly lighting pattern?
loop
The camera's built in flash is not a great value in what kind of photography?
macro
What mode enables your camera to focus on objects very close to your lens, making it possible to capture close-up imagery?
macro
What type of photography will show even a slight amount of camera shake because it will be exaggerated?
macro
This mode gives you full decision-making power. You choose the shutter speed and aperture, and ISO for each shot. Total control for your vision.
manual mode
What metering method evaluates the whole scene into zones and takes an average of the light?
matrix metering (evaluative)
What kind of depth of field ensures both the foreground, the subject, and the background will appear in focus?
maximum
The images your camera captures are stored on a
memory card
The first number, or set of numbers, you see on your lens refers to it "focal length," measured in what?
millimeters
What mode combines a flash exposure with a slower shutter speed in an effort to balance your brightly lit subject (illuminate by your flash) with the background that might otherwise look like a dark cave in comparison?
night portrait
When you press the shutter button, the camera pulls focus once, then holds tight until the image capture is complete.
one shot (or single)
When using your light meter and it indicates you are at +2 then your image will be two stops...
overexposed
What are the building blocks of your digital image?
pixels
What specialty mode sets a wide aperture so that the background will blur, isolating the subject more?
portrait icon
A paramount when trying to achieve symmetrical balance is called what?
precision
What type of shot is a variation of the head and shoulders portrait?
profile shot
What is similar to Auto Mode, but without the handcuffs? The camera still makes decisions regarding shutter speed, aperture, and ISO but you can change white balance, exposure compensation, and flash settings.
program mode
Digital zoom allows for increased magnification of the image at the sacrifice of what?
quality
What are the 3 overall factors of light?
quality, color, and direction
Which flash option attempts to remove "red-eye" by emitting a series of flash bursts before taking the photo?
red eye reduction
What is maximum aperture also known as?
relative aperture
ISO controls the camera's (really the sensor's) ___________ to light. The typical ISO range can vary camera to camera, but ISO 100 to ISO 1600 or higher is typical.
sensitivity
What always fall to the opposite side of the primary light source?
shadows
What kind of depth of field makes it possible for the foreground and background to be out of focus while the subject is in focus.
shallow
What lighting is more commonly used than broad lighting?
short
This mode allows you to set your own shutter speed while letting your camera choose the aperture that will make a good exposure. Shutter Priority is indicated by either a "TV" or an "S" depending on which camera you have.
shutter priority
Controls time/motion of your image.
shutter speed
What is measured in fractions of a second? Faster ones (like 1/1000 and higher) freezes action. Slower ones (like 1/30 and slower) will show motion blur (if the subject is moving).
shutter speeds
What kind of lighting provides a more 3-dimensional result than frontal lighting?
side
What kind of lighting is the best type of lighting for architectural photography?
side-front
What lighting is more flattering in portraits than hard lighting?
soft; diffused
The lighting technique that can be described by saying "only half of the subject's face is illuminated", is known as?
split lighting
What mode (similar to kids and pets mode) chooses a fast shutter speed to help freeze the action of moving subjects? Choosing "servo" or "continuous" focusing mode is good to use also when you are shooting moving subjects.
sport
Which flash attempts to reconcile the difference between your flash-lit subject and the dark background?
sync flash (night flash)
And lenses with a fixed focal length of 85mm or higher are referred to a what?
telephoto
What kind of lens appears to compress the distance between the background and the foreground?
telephoto
What are color temperatures measured in degrees on?
the Kelvin scale
What is controlled directly by the interaction/interrelationship of ISO, shutter speed, and aperture? It is the combination of these 3 variables that control the exposure of your picture.
the exposure triangle
Depth of field
the range of acceptable focus
A megapixel is equal to 1,000,000 pixels.
true
An aperture, f/number, and f/stop all refer to the size of the opening in the camera that allows light to the film or sensor?
true
An extremely wide aperture (big opening) like f/1.4 causes only the subject to be in focus and the foreground to background to be blurry while the subject is sharp. Small f/stops create a very shallow depth of field.
true
Digital image pixels and film grain are equivalents for general discussion purposes comparing traditional film to digital capture.
true
Focal length relates to how close up or far away objects will appear when viewed through the lens. Essentially, the bigger the number, the more up-close subjects will appear, and the smaller the number, the farther away things will appear.
true
I just took a picture and looked at the results on the back of the camera. Too much of the background is in focus for my liking and I want to make the Depth of Field shallower. I can't make many adjustments with this camera so I should move closer to the subject and adjust the zoom.
true
If your intention is to take a photo with maximum contrast, midday would be best to photograph the subject.
true
On most cameras, auto exposure lock is already programmed into the shutter button when you press it halfway down, it locks the focus (unless the camera is on continuous focus) and the exposure.
true
RAW files are not compressed with lossy compression so you lose no information at all. And though your camera does apply your settings, they are not "cooked" into the image and can be easily altered later in Photoshop or Lightroom to match your vision.
true
The larger a light source, the softer the light.
true
When using your light meter and it indicates you are at -2 then your image will be two stops...
underexposed
Color, pattern, tonal value, and shapes are known as what in a photograph?
visual elements
The light at sunset and sunrise is said to be what, than midday light
warmer
Lenses with focal ranges of 35mm or smaller are generally considered as what?
wide angle
What object works by measuring the light in any given scene and predicting what the exposure will look like based on the camera's current settings?
a light meter
Affects the quantity of light that reaches your sensor and the depth of field of your images.
aperture
This mode (indicated by either an "AV" or "A") lets you set the aperture while the camera selects the shutter speed. Remember the low f/stops (like f/1.4, f/2, f/2.8, etc.) isolate the subject by blurring the foreground and background and high f/stops (like f/11, f/16, f/22, etc.) helps make everything in focus.
aperture priority
Which flash means that the camera is in control and decides whether or not flash is needed in any given situation?
auto
In what mode do you have pretty much zero control? The camera makes all the decisions to give you an average picture.
auto mode
Most of Ansel Adams' photographs were taken in what?
black and white
What lighting technique can be described by saying "the main light illuminates the side of the subject's face turned toward the camera"?
broad lighting
What lighting is a lighting pattern that emphasizes high cheekbones and good skin? It is predominantly a feminine lighting pattern, and the fill light is placed directly under the key light. It is not a good choice of lighting pattern for a subject with deep eye sockets.
butterfly
What lighting technique can be described by saying "produces a symmetrical shadow effect below the nose and accentuates facial features"?
butterfly lighting
In the 16th century many artists employed a boxlike device as an aid to depicting space with single-point perspective, called what?
camera obscura
Blurred backgrounds will get blurrier if you are what to your subject?
close
Since different light sources emit light of different colors, what are they referred to?
color temperatures
Allows continuous focus allowing tracking of a moving subject.
continuous (or servo)
When using your light meter and it indicates you are at 0 then your image will be...
correctly exposed
What is a consideration for cameras with smaller than full-frame sensors?
crop factor
Aperture also controls what?
depth of field
What is not a vehicle through which abstract photos attempt to communicate?
detail
What is just digital cropping done in camera?
digital zoom
If you are shooting in manual mode at a party or wedding reception indoors or at night, you can do what when using flash to brighten the background?
drag your shutter
The difference between the darkest point and the lightest point in a scene is called what?
dynamic range
What are the four types of metering modes?
evaluative or matrix metering center-Weighted partial spot
A normal f/stop scale in whole stop increments:
f/1.4 f/2 f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/8 f/11 f/16 f/22
All other settings being equal, a 50mm lens allows for a more shallow depth of field than a 250mm lens.
false
Because of their inherent sophistication, modern digital cameras have a better dynamic range than the human eye.
false
The smaller a light source, the softer the light.
false
Lenses with larger maximum apertures (generally f/2.8 or larger (hole) like f/2, f/1.4, f/1.2) are referred to as what?
fast
Which flash is the perfect solution for the times when your camera doesn't think flash is necessary, but you disagree? This flash is especially useful when the background behind your subject is brighter than your subject is. It is also great to add fill flash to daytime, outside portraits.
fill
Which flash allows you to increase the power of your flash or lower the power of your flash if you think it is not giving you the results you like?
flash compensation
What measures the magnifying power of the lens?
focal length
What mode is the opposite of portrait mode. The camera chooses an f/stop like f/22 so almost everything is in focus.
landscape mode
A built-in flash has a useful range of approximately how far?
10 feet
What kind of camera is capable of producing images with 12 million pixels?
12 megapixel camera
A normal shutter speed scale in whole stop increments:
1sec ½ ¼ 1/8 1/15 1/30 1/60 1/125 1/250 1/500 1/1000
Which lens gives an approximation of what a human sees?
50mm
This aperture allows almost everything to be in focus from foreground all the way to background. (a very small hole)
F/22
Primarily controls the sensor's sensitivity to light which directly affects the digital noise in an image (whether there is no noise or a lot of noise).
ISO
What ISO will require more light to make a photo? It is a good choice for bright, outdoor scenes. Also, it gives the least amount of digital noise.
ISO 100
What ISO would require very little light to take a picture such as dark interiors, candlelight, etc? Note: the higher the ISO the more noise your image will have.
ISO 1600
Every time you take a photo, it is the direct result of the combination of three things known as,
ISO, shutter speed and aperture
