Greece's Golden Age

Timeline:

509 BCE Rome became a republic. 495 BCE Pericles was born. 440 BCE Herodotus wrote his Histories 431--404 BCE The Peloponnesian War was fought. 384 BCE Aristotle was born. 336 BCE Alexander the Great became king.

Why did Pericles focus on the greatness of Athens?

to show that protecting Athens is a cause worth dying for

Start of the Peloponnesian war

-Cities in the Delian League revolted against Athens. -Sparta was threatened by Athens' growing power

Athen Rules the Delian League

After the end of the Persian Wars, the Delian League was founded. It was founded to collect money just in case the Persians ever invaded again. And all the city-states paid money into it that wanted to. A few years after the Delian League was formed, Athens took it over. They took it, moved it to Athens, and started using it to pay money to do whatever they wanted, beautify their city, pay taxes, anything. Delian League members had no say in government. This angered many city-states. --Athens also started ruling these other city-states without giving them a voice in government. (You've got other city-states, Corinth, Mycenae) --Athens was forcing them to pay tribute, meaning pay money --They're also using their military to enforce obedience. Sparta, they are still upset at the loss of their king, Leonidas, from the Persian Wars. (hero) ---->>resulted in Peloponnesian war

How did the political system of ancient Athens differ from the political system of the United States today?

Ancient Athens had a direct democracy, while the United States has a representative democracy.

Athens after War

Athen's defeat began the decline of Greece's Golden Age. -They're democratic government failed. -They lost power and influence. -Their economy went into decline. (They owed so many city-states money)

How did Greece have a lasting impact on the world?

Athenian Democracy-> Peloponnesian War-> Arts and Sciences

Athenian democracy -intro direct democracy

BEFORE Pericles: representative democracy (rule by people) Pericles introduced a new kind of democracy--direct democracy -you could participate in government if you were chosen by lot (if you got chosen) -increased number of paid officials ONLY MALES COULD VOTE ability, not class, should determine your right to serve.

Drama included:

Comedies--amusing stories they had happy Tragedies--which are serious stories about human emotions often with sad or tragic heroes.

The Athenian political system included

an assembly.

How did Hippocrates differ from Herodotus?

Hippocrates was a physician who created a statement of basic ethics, while Herodotus was a historian who shaped how events are recorded.

Sculpture

In the classical age, Greek sculpture was characterized by: -ideal, lifelike bodies: -calmness or little emotion ATHENA: gray, one arm out, funny hat

The leader of the Athenian Empire worked to

NOT bring together the city's elected officials.

: Peloponnesian War (431-404 BCE)

Peloponnesus= area between Athens and Sparta -->>> that's how the war got its NAME Sparta attacked Athens, which sparked the conflict (They destroyed them, They got Athens on the retreat into their gates) NOT SO GOODD >> gates are too high and Sparta can't reach them They sit and they wait. -during this time a plague broke out in Athens, It killed 1/3 of the population, including the beloved Pericles. -The war continued for almost 30 years. (Sometimes the Athenians would come out and meet the Spartans in battle.) -Athens finally forced to surrender. -brought an end to their empire.

What characteristics of democracy does Pericles present in this quote? Check all that apply.

People are elected to public office based on merit, not privilege. The law guarantees fairness to everyone in personal disagreements.

: Pericles Strengthens Democracy In charge of Athen

Pericles led Athens during its golden age. His 3 goals 1. to build and strengthen Athenian democracy 2. to grow and strengthen the Athenian empire 3. to glorify Athens.

What impact did the outcome of the Peloponnesian War have on Greece?

The Greek Golden Age started to come to an end.

Greek Drama

The Greeks invented drama and built some of the first theaters -Theater to Dionysus in Athens. (just below the Parthenon) -round stage -men and women can't sit together. -Theaters found in Epidauros, Athens, Delphi

What was one cultural contribution made by the ancient Greeks?

The Greeks were the first to write dramatic plays.

Which statement correctly describes the Socratic method?

The Socratic method used questions to find the truth.

What idea are both men expressing in these passages?

The men who died in battle were brave and honorable.

According to Lincoln, why was the sacrifice made by the soldiers at Gettysburg worth the price they paid?

They died to protect American democracy.

Why did city-states in the Delian League revolt against Athens?

They resented not having a say in the government.

Athenian democracy -Direct democracy -Free male Athenians can vote -You have a three-piece legislature: assembly, council, and court -Leaders chosen by lot

U.S. democracy -Representative democracy -citizens over the age of 18 -You have a three-piece legislature: a president, a two-part legislature, and a court -Leaders elected

Which best describes an ancient Greek tragedy?

a play about human emotions with a sad hero

Which list of events of the Athenian Empire is in the correct chronological order?

i. The Delian League was formed. ii. The Peloponnesian War began. iii. A plague broke out in Athens. iv. Athens lost its ruler and its power.

Greek philosophers Socrates Plato Aristotle

philosophers began to question: -society -justice -law Socrates: He created the Socratic method, which is a method of teaching and questioning. Used a series of questions to get at the truth. Plato: He wrote The Republic. about creating the ideal government. (not a democracy) Aristotle: He invented the method of using logic to make arguments. Used logic to make arguments Philosopher: someone who questions and studies the natures of life and humanity.

Greek Contributions (scientists and the historians) Hippocrates Pythagoras Herodotus

scientists and the historians Hippocrates: He studied medicine and disease. The Hippocratic Oath that doctors still use today--that's based on him. Helped to develop the field of medicine Pythagoras: The Pythagorean theorem. He proved the theorem of triangles. Herodotus: He changed the way people wrote about history. He also changed the way people looked at history. Wrote about Greek history.