Group Dynamics EXAM I

Group members who define success not in terms of their individual goals or the group's goals but rather relative to others' performance are _____ a. competitors b. machiavellians c. individualists d. cooperators

a. competitors

Imagine a team that has to decide how to launch a new product in a global market, with members from many different parts of the world. What type of reward system would be best for such a team? a. cooperative b. competitive c. No rewards should be offered d. performance-based

a. cooperative

Which of the following is NOT a type of team meeting role? a. critic b. timekeeper c. facilitator d. scribe

a. critic

The main reason researchers have found different results when attempting to define characteristics of successful teams is.... a. different team types have different requirements for success b. they primarily focus on studying unsuccessful teams c. organizations rarely allow researchers to study their employees d. biases from conducting research in laboratory settings instead of with real teams

a. different team types have different requirements for success

Teams with higher collective ______ have higher levels of motivation to perform, greater staying power when they encounter setbacks, and improved performance a. efficacy b. potency c. rewards d. intelligence

a. efficacy

Which of the following is not a type of work team as identified by Sundstrom et al. (2000)? a. innovation teams b. management teams c. parallel teams d. service teams e. production teams

a. innovation teams

According to the textbook, teams can provide all of the following benefits to organizations EXCEPT _____ a. less need for skilled workers b. higher financial outcomes c. more positive employee outcomes d. greater efficiency e. greater operational outcomes

a. less need for skilled workers

Interpersonal processes of effective teams involve ______ a. managing conflict, regulating teammate emotions, and encouraging team members b. providing feedback about task progress c. organizing team members to work in synchronous interdependence d. identifying and prioritizing goals

a. managing conflict, regulating teammate emotions, and encouraging team members

In an airline flight crew, an understanding of the different roles of crew members and how they work together refers to its ______ a. mental model b. cohesion c. transactive memory d. group processes

a. mental model

All of the below are characteristics of successful work teams EXCEPT _____ a. no tasks that require interdependence b. clear, well-defined goals c. leaders who facilitate but do not control the team d. supportive organizational environment

a. no tasks that require interdependence

______ refers to an environment in which people feel free to take interpersonal risks and express their thoughts and feelings without fear of the consequences a. physiological safety b. social safety c. psychological safety d. provisionalism

a. physiological safety

In Sherif's (1966) classic study of boys at summer camp, intergroup competition resulted in ______ a. prejudice toward the opposing group b. decreased self-worth c. decreased group cohesion d. improved leadership skills

a. prejudice toward the opposing group

Which of the following refers to the ability to respond to others' emotions with respect and concern? a. relationship management b. self-awareness c. empathy d. emotional regulation

a. relationship management

Research finds that when communicating, teams are spending most of their time ______ a. reviewing common information everyone knows b. sharing new knowledge with each other c. combining unique perspectives of various members d. withholding information from each other

a. reviewing common information everyone knows

The model of team development by McIntyre and Salas (1995) specifies the following: a. role clarification, coordinated skills development, and increasing variety and flexibility of skills b. forming, storming, norming, and performing c. creation, development, diffusion, and execution d. investigation, maintenance, socialization, and turnover

a. role clarification, coordinated skills development, and increasing variety and flexibility of skills

Conscientious team members are good to have because they are ______ a. task- and goal-focused b. able to cope with stress c. better at avoiding conflict

a. task- and goal-focused

While various factors encourage competition, the most malleable factor is ______ a. the organizational reward system b. team leadership c. culture d. personality

a. the organizational reward system

Teams in organizations are considered a fad because _____ a. their implementation is one of the most common organizational changes in the last two decades b. organizations are finally figuring out effective ways to use teams in all scenarios c. although they are used now, the use of teams is steadily declining increased adoption of advanced technology means that d. organizations will not need teams as much in the future

a. their implementation is one of the most common organizational changes in the last two decades

An awareness of the knowledge, skills, and abilities of individual team members refers to the group's ______ a. transactive memory b. mental model c. cohesion d. group processes

a. transactive memory

A team that spends more of its time talking about information that members already believe or agree upon is committing ______ a. dysfunctional bias b. a confirmation bias c. a transactional communication d. a false dichotomy

b. a confirmation bias

Which of the following teams would have a safe environment for feedback and debriefing? a. a team that has high-status differences among members b. a team that has a leader who includes all members c. a team with norms that prohibit criticism d. a team that emphasizes social behaviors over task behaviors

b. a team that has a leader who includes all members

Which is an effective strategy for encouraging cooperation within a group? a. increase competition against other groups b. encourage altruistic norms by showing concern for others c. setting individual goals d. a new reward system where the highest performer on a team gets a bonus

b. encourage altruistic norms by showing concern for others

Which of the following is the correct order of Tuckman's stages of group development? a. storming, forming, performing, norming, adjourning b. forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning c. forming, storming, performing, norming, adjourning d. forming, norming, storming, performing, adjourning

b. forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning

In a study of oil production workers, norms that were counter to 'macho' behavior ______ a. were accepted when they came only from workers b. helped reduce the company's accident rate c. reduced productivity d. were rejected by male workers

b. helped reduce the company's accident rate

Contemporary approaches to group socialization examine ______ a. how work teams deal with constantly changing group membership b. how new members are recruited and integrated into permanent teams c. how teams are integrated into their organizations d. how roles affect team socialization

b. how new members are recruited and integrated into permanent teams

Team success is more than just completing a task successfully because ______ a. most tasks are performed better by individuals b. members should want to continue working together c. teams are valuable when events are unpredictable d. success on team tasks is difficult to measure

b. members should want to continue working together

Triplett's finding that the presence of other people increases performance is called ______ a. scientific management b. social facilitation c. social representation d. binging e. social identification

b. social facilitation

Research at Google on the effects of team norms showed that ______ a. teams performed better when there were strong norms of conformity b. team performance was predicted by norms of psychological safety c. norms did not exist when there was strong leadership d. norms reduced conformity

b. team performance was predicted by norms of psychological safety

Competition is useful for teams when ______ a. the competition is about money rather than social rewards b. the competition is with teams from other organizations c. the competition is within the team rather than with other teams d. the competition is focused on the main goals of the team

b. the competition is with teams from other organizations

According to the punctuated equilibrium model, teams should focus on task strategy at ______ a. the storming stage b. the midpoint crisis c. continually as members work together d. the beginning of the team's development

b. the midpoint crisis

What is the relationship between organizational context and team success? a. supportive organizational cultures promote open communication and give power and responsibility to the leader b. the organization's feedback and reward system is an important part of a team's organizational context c. organizational context is not one of the main determinants of team success d. successful teams change the organization and create their own context

b. the organization's feedback and reward system is an important part of a team's organizational context

As group members interact, social identification occurs, which refers to ________ a. the creation of shared values and beliefs b. the recognition that the group exists seperately from others c. achievement of the group's vision d. the subconscious creation of rules and order e. fulfillment of group of personal goals

b. the recognition that the group exists seperately from others

Which of the following is detrimental to team psychological safety? a. A team leader admitting a mistake they made b. A team member acting as a 'devil's advocate' c. Teams emphasizing status differences between members d. A team leader soliciting input from every team member before providing their own

c. Teams emphasizing status differences between members

Which of the following is NOT one of the stages of group socialization? a. investigation b. socialization c. absorption d. maintenance

c. absorption

When asking questions at a team meeting, the leader should ______ a. ask only close-ended questions b. refrain from asking open-ended questions c. ask questions of the entire team whenever possible d. direct questions to primarily one representative to encourage meeting efficiency

c. ask questions of the entire team whenever possible

Which of the following behaviors of effective teams is part of the transition phase? a. providing resources needed to the team b. providing feedback about task progress c. identifying and prioritizing goals d. assisting team members with a task

c. identifying and prioritizing goals

Why are teams becoming more common in organizations? a. organizations are getting increasingly larger. b. organizations are becoming more hierarchical. c. jobs are becoming more complex and interdependent d. organizations are seeking stability. e. Employers and employees want their jobs to be simplified

c. jobs are becoming more complex and interdependent

What is needed to address the overuse of teams is ______ a. restructure organizations so that there are clear, authoritative leaders b. to stop the use of teams altogether when organizations become too hierarchical c. knowing when and where they should be used and what is required for successful deployment d. restructure work so that tasks are more independent

c. knowing when and where they should be used and what is required for successful deployment

Social loafing can be reduced in a group by ______ a. making sure that the task may be performed independently b. increasing the number of individuals in the group c. making the task more challenging d. making each individual's performance less observable

c. making the task more challenging

One of the important lessons from the study of group development is ______ a. strong leadership is crucial to group success b. teams should focus on productivity at the beginning of a project c. most of the productive work occurs during the later stages of d. projects after norms have been established e. good social relations among team members often do not develop until the end of a project

c. most of the productive work occurs during the later stages of

When replacing a few team members, the selection is often based upon ______ a. preferences of the leader b. personality profile of the team c. needed task skills d. ensuring homogeneity of the current team (culture fit)

c. needed task skills

Ground rules that define appropriate and inappropriate behavior in a team are called ______ a. team agendas b. team goals c. team norms d. team ideal states

c. team norms

According to the textbook, which of the following factors has NOT created a demand for the use of teams in organizations? a. an economy driven by a need for innovation b. rapidly changing technology c. the scientific management approach d. expanding markets and global competition e. complexity, uncertainty, and ambiguity

c. the scientific management approach

Which of the following is true about building trust in virtual teams? a. Automatic documentation of interactions serves as an alternative. b. There are fewer opportunities to develop the social bonds that build trust than in face-to-face teams. c. Reduced impromptu social interactions provide a challenge for building trust. d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Why does too much cooperation within a group can cause problems? a. It doesn't - you can never have too much cooperation. b. It can cause group members to put task success ahead of social relations. c. It can reduce the likelihood of the Abilene paradox. d. It can lead to an unhealthy agreement among group members.

d. It can lead to an unhealthy agreement among group members

Which of the following is TRUE regarding research findings of gender and communication in groups? a. The feminine style of communication emphasizes independence and reporting knowledge. b. The masculine style of communication is used only by men. c. The masculine style of communication is used only by women of high status. d. Masculine and feminine styles are used by all genders.

d. Masculine and feminine styles are used by all genders.

Which of the following is FALSE about effective virtual meetings? a. They should follow most of the guidelines for in-person meetings. b. Audio-only meetings should be avoided c. Audio-only meetings allow for multitasking. d. They are more effective than in-person meetings.

d. They are more effective than in-person meetings.

omeone who is concerned with both personal success and group success is called a(n) ______ a. competitor b. machiavellian c. individualist d. cooperator

d. cooperator

Building trust in a team requires all of the following EXCEPT ______ a. team efficacy b. a psychologically safe environment c. time d. getting along all the time

d. getting along all the time

Which of the following is an example of a task-related behavior? a. expressing acceptance of a new group member b. communicating gratitude to a group member for their contributions c. encouraging a teammate when they're feeling upset d. giving ideas and advice regarding a work assignment

d. giving ideas and advice regarding a work assignment

Distributing minutes of a meeting helps ______ a. decrease disruptive behavior during the meeting b. increase participation during the meeting c. keep the meeting on time d. keep members accountable for assigned tasks

d. keep members accountable for assigned tasks

What do supportive organizational cultures encourage that enhance team success? a. athoritative leadership b. homogeneity in thinking and idea generation c. evaluation and rewards based on individual contributions d. open communication and collaborative effort

d. open communication and collaborative effort

Which of the following is a deep-level attribute of team members? a. functional role b. sex c. race d. personality

d. personality

When groups are in the forming stage, they should focus more on ______ behaviors a. task b. both social and task c. role d. social

d. social

he most effective strategy for moving from a competitive to a cooperative situation requires members ______ a. always acting competitively b. acting cooperatively once rewarded for doing so c. always acting cooperatively d. start by acting cooperatively and then respond in kind to the other person's move

d. start by acting cooperatively and then respond in kind to the other person's move

One of the strongest predictors of group cohesion is ______ a. authoritarian leadership b. team diversity c. team conflict d. team success

d. team success

Groups are different from teams because _____ a. groups are larger in size than teams b. teams are typically work-related, and groups are not necessarily found in organizations c. teams have a formal structure, and groups are more informal d. teams involve interdependence and coordination among members to achieve a common goal, and groups rely on each other less e. teams have leaders and are more hierarchical than groups

d. teams involve interdependence and coordination among members to achieve a common goal, and groups rely on each other less

For virtual teams to build trust, establish team identity, and solidify norms, research suggests that ______ a. team sizes are limited to smaller than face-to-face teams b. teams are staffed with members from the same demographic backgrounds c. teams are leaderless d. they begin projects with a face-to-face meeting

d. they begin projects with a face-to-face meeting

A team charter does all of the following EXCEPT ______ a. helps the team manage its activities b. helps clarify role expectations and work norms c. helps the team to identify and resolve conflicts and d. misunderstandings e. establishes how members are evaluated

e. establishes how members are evaluated

he historical approach to job design that shows the value of using teams in most modern organizations is called ______ a. Hawthorne effect b. total quality management c. scientific managment d. quality of work-life theory e. sociotechnical systems theory

e. sociotechnical systems theory

Stages of Group Socialization

investigation, socialization, maintenance

psychological safety

reflects the extent to which people feel free to express their ideas and beliefs without fear of negative consequences