GSP final

The meeting attended by 190 countries in 2011, during which all attendees agreed to cut emissions significantly by 2020, was the:

- Kyoto Protocol. - Copenhagen agreement. - Yale Environment 360. [X] UNFCCC

After staging a "comeback" in 2012, the president of Russia is now serving his __________ term.

3rd

In European Union, __________ percent of the population lives in cities.

70

Seawater remains in the Mediterranean Sea for approximately __________ before it flows back into the Atlantic Ocean.

80 years

A war in which of the following countries helped stretch the USSR past the breaking point?

Afghanistan

Russia's Communist Party was formed by:

Bolsheviks

Which of the following internal republics demanded outright independence after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991?

Chechnya

The period of conflict and tension between the United States and the Soviet Union is known as the __________.

Cold War

Which of the following statements describes the state of media and the press in Russia today?

Critical analysis of the government is rare and punishable.

The alphabet used in most countries of russia region is

Cyrillic

The __________ River connects the center of Europe with the Black Sea.

Danube

Which of the following is considered one of the world's most polluted cities?

Dzerzhinsk

Until its demise at the end of the 1980s, the Soviet sphere of influence included which of the following countries?

East Germany

To prevent Russia's oil and gas wealth from causing a backslide to Cold War hostilities, Russia was invited to join what international organization?

G8

The beginnings of a private market began in the Soviet Union under:

Gorbachev.

the beg of private market began in soviet union under

Grobachev

Examples of a geographic inquiry? (ALL)

How did a group of people come to occupy a particular place? How have people modified the physical aspects of a place to suit their needs? How have people contributed to a particular environmental problem?

Romance languages are derived from __________.

Latin

Following the world wars, Europe was reconstructed partially with the assistance of the United States under the __________.

Marshall Plan

The economic core of Europe is located where the Rhine River meets the:

North Sea

The European country on the vanguard of gender equality in society, government, and the workplace is:

Norway

The original homeland of the Slavs was centered in modern-day:

Poland, Ukraine, Belarus.

What movement arose to challenge the elitist practices of the Catholic Church?

Protestant reformation

According to the textbook, which of the following is true about racial differences among humans?

Race has been used as justification for exploitation in many different regions of the world.

Lugoj is located in:

Romania

The official name of Russia today is the __________.

Russian Federation

All of the following are important languages of international trade EXCEPT:

Spanish. Chinese. Hindi. [X] Portuguese

Which is NOT a major supplier of crude oil and natural gas to Europe?

THE US

Which of the following is NOT a result of fair trade policies?

The Netherlands

Which of the following bodies of water is NOT nearly landlocked?

The North Sea

Which of the following Russian mountain ranges is closest to Russia's western border?

Urals

According to the textbook, Europe's dominant position among world regions was reduced due to which of the following?

World War I and II

Which of the following is NOT among the problems that arise from the use of gross domestic product (GDP) as a measure of societal and human well-being?

[X] It overemphasizes social aspects of well-being at the expense of economic aspects. - It does not reflect the distribution of wealth in a given population. - It does not account for differences in purchasing power across the world. - It does not include the goods and services produced in the informal economy.

Which of the following ethnic republics has NOT been a source of conflict with Russia in the twenty-first century?

[X] Tatarstan -Chechnya -Abkhazia -South Ossetia

Arguments against free trade do NOT include the claim that free trade:

[X] causes greater migration from wealthy countries to developing countries. - leads to an increase in global wealth disparity. - causes companies to manufacture products in countries without environmental regulations in order to - lower costs.

In defining a region, geographers might take into account all of the following factors EXCEPT:

[X] literary history political boundaries. physical characteristics. cultural characteristics

All of the following describe Russia's "shock therapy" strategy EXCEPT:

[X] widespread wealth and prosperity. abandonment of government price controls. private business owners determined prices. inflation and high prices during the 1990s.

Which of the following was NOT a major shortcoming of the strategies and policies instituted by Stalin?

[X]Russia's economy never grew and remained stagnant until the dismantling of the Berlin Wall in 1989. - Stalin favored industrial production over consumer goods. - Stalin's government was brutal and cruel, and millions died as a result. - The lack of basics such as food and clothing caused people to stand in line for hours or go without.

Which of the following was NOT provided as part of a job in the Soviet Union?

[X]a guarantee of lifetime employment - health care - social services - subsidized housing

Experts agree that certain factors must be present for democratization to flourish. These factors include all of the following EXCEPT

[x] political dynasties and inherited wealth. - broad-based prosperity. - an educated population. - the presence of social institutions that encourage a sense of unity and purpose.

The physical geography of Europe is best described as:

a large peninsula, emerging from the western edge of the Eurasian continent, made up of many smaller peninsulas.

Which is NOT required of countries looking to join the European Union?

a primarily (at least 51 percent) Christian population

The largest expense category in the EU budget is:

agricultural subsidies

Developing nations are usually characterized by __________ economies, while developed nations are usually characterized by the presence of __________ industries.

agricultural; service

Suppose you are on the beach at night, and you experience a breeze blowing from the land out to the ocean. This breeze is caused by:

air flowing from the cooling land onto the relatively warmer water.

What was the dominant type of housing constructed to accommodate the post-World War II growth of Europe's cities?

apartments

In __________, businesses are owned privately; in __________, all farms, industry, and land are owned by the government.

capitalism, communism

Transcultural means:

changing cultures

Europe's moderate climate is largely due to the:

climate moderating effects of the large bodies of water that surround it.

Which of the following is NOT true of life in European cities?

cultural institutions have moved from the city center to the country side

A subset of a culture, composed of individuals who share some but not all of the traits of the larger culture, is called a:

cultural minority

The term used to describe everything people use to live on Earth that is not directly part of biological inheritance is:

culture

The leader of the Russian empire was known as the __________.

czar

Feudalism developed in medieval Europe to:

defend rural areas against invaders from Scandinavia and the Eurasian interior.

Which of the following conveys the meaning of the term sustainable development

effort to improve present standards of living without jeopardizing those of future generations

The part of Russia West of the Urals is called

european russia

Among the following, which religious group provides a message of individual salvation that coincides nicely with the experiences of Russia's new capitalists?

evangelical christianity

In a country with traditional gender roles, men are more likely to serve as __________ while women serve as __________.

executive; homemakers

In which sector of the economy is agriculture?

extraction

Most of the farms in Georgia are owned by:

families

Which of the following has NOT contributed to the decreasing birth rates in Russia and the post-Soviet states during the Soviet era and afterward?

family aging rapidly, requiring young to care for parents rather than their own kids

A problem with the concept of culture is that:

it is applied to large groups that share only the most general of characteristics

Common diseases caused by polluted water are:

maleria and cholera

A country is undergoing a demographic transition. This mean that the country is:

moving from high birth and death rates to much lower birth and death rates

The key players in the global economy today are:

multinational corporations

What percentage of the world's population does NOT have access to clean water?

one-sixth

The study of the growth and decline of the numbers of people on Earth, their distribution across Earth's surface, age and sex distributions, and migration patterns is the study of:

population

The coastal zones of the North European Plain are best described as:

populous

The amount that a local currency equivalent of U.S.$1 will purchase in a given country is a measure of:

purchasing power parity

Which of the following terms refers to the unit of Earth's surface that contains distinct patterns of physical features or of human activities?

region

The EU term for social welfare is:

social protection

The term used to describe a nation's right to conduct its internal affairs as it sees fit, without interference from outside, is:

sovereignty

The collective term used to refer to the group of countries that includes Bulgaria, Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia, and others is __________.

the Balkans

Which two plates meet close to the eastern border of Russia?

the Eurasian Plate and the Pacific Plate

Which of the following best describes racism?

the belief that visually apparent genetic factors such as skin color are a primary determinant of cultural traits and abilities

The North Atlantic Drift is the easternmost end of:

the gulf stream

In its heyday, the USSR stretched from Central Europe to __________.

the pacific ocean

As one moves away from the equator, average temperatures drop because:

the sunlight strikes the Earth's surface at an angle and is therefor less intense

The "double day" refers to a situation in which:

woman work a day job while also having household duties