GSp240

In 2012, the average number of children per family in Europe was:

1.6

What is Europe's approximate population density per square kilometer?

100

Europe is home to approximately ________ Muslims.

15-20 million

During what period did innovations in technology and business bring Europe into a new merchant capitalist economy?

15th-16th century

Compared to men, women in Europe generally earn:

16% less per hour

In what era was industrialization in the coalfield areas of northern France, Belgium, and Germany?

1850-1870

When did the Bolshevik Revolution occur?

1917

The Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union lasted from:

1950-1989

The Central Asian geosyncline has oil reserves equivalent to ________ of the world's proven reserves.

2.7%

In 2008, gas and oil accounted for roughly ________ of Russia's export earnings.

2/3

At the end of the medieval period, how much of Europe was covered in forest

20%

Russia's current population is approximately:

235 million

Even in a low emissions scenario on climate change, water stress will increase by:

24%

By 2050, the ratio of workers to retirees in Europe is expected to be:

2:1

This is the best estimate of Europe's contribution to the world's aggregate GNP.

33%

What percentage of temperate forests cover Europe today?

5%

Approximately how many Jews were put to death during the Holocaust?

6 million

he Russian Federation has a ________ urbanized population; and Central Asia is ________ urban

76%; 30-50%

Sunni Islam is the dominant religion in Central Asia and the Transcaucasus since:

8th Century

When was the Marshall Plan instituted?

After World War II

The Russian Plain extends from ________ in the west to the Ural Mountains in the east.

Belarus

After World War II, this German city was divided between two countries, one under democratic rule, the other under Communist Rule?

Berlin

What time of year experiences solar energy equally in both hemispheres?

Both Equinoxes

Which of the following is the largest inland sea in the world?

Caspian

The highest mountain range in Russia is:

Caucasus

Ethnonationalist movements have occurred in all of the following, except:

Chernobyl

What country promised to be net zero emissions by 2020 in the 2015 Paris Agreement?

Costa Rica

In modern Europe, which of the following is not a legacy of the Roman Empire in the landscape?

Delphi and Olympia

During the Cold War, which region of Europe contained the "satellite states?"

Eastern Europe

Which of the following countries was absorbed into the Soviet Union?

Estonia

Which of the following is not an effect of the EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)?

Germany increases mixed farming

Where is the region of origin for most of the immigrants going to the Netherlands?

Indonesia

Which Russian leader defeated the Tatars at the battle of Kazan?

Ivan the Terrible

The Aral Sea is located mostly in which country?

Kazakhstan

The deepest lake in the world is:

Lake Baikal

Which two of the following rivers flow north from Siberia to the Arctic Ocean?

Lena and Ob'

The Russian Federation has claimed what part of the Arctic "Frontier"?

Lomonosov Ridge

Which of the following has been a "world city" since the 17th century and is influential in contemporary globalization?

London

What is the climate of South Europe?

Mediterranean

Stalin's command economy bolstered what region of the Soviet Union?

Moscow and the Central Region

Which of the following is the fastest-growing religious grouping in Russia?

Muslims

During the Russian Diaspora of the early 20th century, 1/4 of these migrants settled in which American City?

NYC

Which of the following is an example of irredentism—the claim of government over a minority living outside its borders?

Nazi Germany on Austria

Which of the following is not true about the Alps?

Older than 500 million years

The "Southern Crescent" of Europe includes all these cities except:

Paris

What are the three main language groups in Europe?

Romance, Germanic, Slav

What countries produce tantalum, a mineral used in cell phones?

Rwanda and Democratic Republic of the Congo

Which of the following is not true about feminism in Europe?

Scandinavian young men are threatened by feminist laws

Which of the following led to attempts at ethnic cleansing in the late 20th century?

Serbian nationalism

The Pyrenees Mountains designate the border between France and

Spain

Which of the following is true about the Chechen independence movement?

Stalin accused Chechens of being Nazi collaborators; Chechnya has major oil and gas reserves

What river is London is located on?

Thames

Besides the Black Death, what was the other factor halting the "great medieval colonization?"

The Little Ice Age

Which of the following is not true about the concept of "modernity"?

Thinkers and artists emphasized tradition over innovation

The region of the Siberian Plain frozen for nine months annually and where cold-resistant vegetation grows is known as:

Tundra

After the fall of the Soviet Union, some 25 million Russians found themselves to be ethnic minorities in newly independent countries. The largest number of minorities was found in what state?

Ukraine

What legally binding global agreement seeks to reduce greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere?

United Nations Kyoto Protocol

What mountain range is sometimes used to mark the boundary between Europe and Asia

Urals

Who was the first leader of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics?

Vladimir (Nikolai) Lenin

Which country was expelled from the Soviet bloc due to ideological differences?

Yugoslavia

What is a lingua franca?

a common, regional language

What is xenophobia?

a hate or fear of foreigners

The term "Slavic" denotes both ethnicity and:

a language group

What are Pirozhkis?

a small pie, stuffed with savory meats

This has been the overall result of the European Union's policy toward agriculture.

a withdrawal from mixed farming in Europe

The acceleration of industrialization in Russia between 1860 and 1900 was in large part due to what?

abolition of feudal serfdom

Which of the following was true about Soviet industrialization?

all of the above

The global movement of air that transports heat and moisture and explains the climates of different regions is called

atmospheric circulation

One of the results of the Post-Soviet economy was the rise of:

business elites

What is one of the goals of the Russian Green Building Council?

carbon neutral buildings

Life expectancies have fallen dramatically in Russia. Today, the leading cause of death in this country is:

cardiovascular disease

What bowl-shaped basins are part of glaciated landscapes in the Northwestern Uplands?

cirque

Which of the following is defined as a national economy in which all aspects of production are centrally controlled by government agencies?

command economy

A central business district is a central nucleus within a city, with mostly this kind of land use

commercial

Massive water diversions irrigated what crop grown in Central Asia:

cotton

This is the best reason why Europe's population is growing so slowly at present.

decline in birthrates

How are the new class divisions expressed in Russia?

dining out and restaurant culture

Historically, the river basins of the Rhine, the Seine, and the Thames became focused on intermediary centers of trade and transshipment that helped transform Europe. The cities along these river basins were referred to as:

entrepot seaports

Which of the following are ways Freiburg has become one of Europe's "greenest cities"

goal of reducing emissions by 40% home to green industries like photovoltaics strict standards of energy use in housing policy of walking, cycling and public transportation

Who were the Soviets who coordinated strikes in 1905?

grassroots councils of workers

What does the German word Gastarbeiter mean?

guest worker

Which of the following is not true about immigration to Europe?

host populations have combined "European-ness" with Islam

How has global warming affected Siberia?

increased forest fires

Higher mortality rates affecting older Russian men is attributed to:

increasing poverty and alcoholism

The original resource base of the Urals region include:

iron ore, copper, nickel

In 1861, Tsar Alexander II's Russian economy included:

large bureaucracy and intellectual class

The "Golden Age" of Russian high culture was:

late 19th and early 20th centuries

Which of the following is a fertile, wind-borne soil?

loess

The Russian Federation, Central Asia and Transcaucasus region includes the following four climates, except:

maritime

What is a compact chain of mountains separate from other ranges?

massif

Europe produces which of the following greenhouse gases:

methane, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide

After an unsuccessful initiative program, this became the goal of COMECON

mutual trade among the Soviet bloc

What was the goal of the Communist Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON)?

mutual trade among the Soviet bloc

The original purpose of the city of St. Petersburg was:

national capital

This economic policy emphasizes universal faith in markets, reduction in government programs, and development as an economic process?

neoliberalism

Since the 1986 disaster at Chernobyl, all of the following is true, except:

new human developments

The decline of the Mongol Empire in the 16th century saw the rise of:

nomadic people and khans

What is the Tabula Rogeriana?

orients the south on the top of the map made by Islamic cartographer Muhammed al-Idrisi the "map of the known world" in 1154

What is permafrost?

permanently frozen subsurface material

Beginning around 750 B.C.E., the ancient Greeks developed a series of fortified city states called:

poleis

What unique asset allowed Great Britain to develop its global empire?

powerful navy

The Siberian timber industry has transformed from government extraction to:

privatization

Which of the following is not part of the U.N.'s Millennium Development Goals to reduce poverty?

provide universal college education

Dissident or banned literature produced through systems of clandestine printing and distribution is called:

samizdat publications

Which of the following is true about Indigenous people in the Russian Arctic?

seasonal ice is integral to life the tundra environment influences culture Dolgan people herd reindeer

What agricultural industry currently dominates the steppe landscape in the North European Lowlands

sheep

In which region is the wheat belt of the Russian Federation found?

steppe

This vegetation type of drought-resistant grasses also refers to a very dry climate, characteristic of southern Russia, Ukraine, and northern Central Asia.

steppe

Which vegetation type found in the Russian Federation represents a cold-resistant, coniferous forest?

taiga

During the colonial period, Spain and other European countries relied on gold and silver from:

the Americas

This is the collective name given to a network of overland trade routes that connected China with Mediterranean Europe.

the Silk Road

What is "Balkanization"

the division of a territory into smaller and often mutually hostile political units

This was the origin of the modern state of Russia in the Middle Ages.

the small principality of Muscovy

What is a characteristic of Northwestern Europe's midlatitude climates

westerly winds and marine conditions