HAP Ch 3: review questions
This membranous organelle resembles a stack of flattened sacs with bulbous ends and associated vesicles.
Golgi apparatus
Which of the following is true about osmosis?
Osmosis is the flow of water across a plasma membrane
Two important passive processes for membrane transport are ________.
diffusion and filtration
Because these organelles are responsible for providing most of the ATP needed by the cell, they are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell. They are the __________.
mitochondria
Membrane transport may be passive or active. Select the active process from the list below.
phagocytosis
________ molecules form the major component of the plasma membrane and are arranged in the form of a bilayer.
phospholipid
The end product of cell division by mitosis is______.
2 genetically identical daughter cells
What is the genetic material in the chromatin?
DNA wound around histone proteins
In comparing simple diffusion to facilitated diffusion, you note that ________.
both require a concentration gradient
This organelle is particularly important during cell division. It directs the formation of the mitotic spindle.
centriole
When a cell is NOT dividing, the DNA is loosely spread through the nucleus in a threadlike form called____.
chromatin
The nucleus, plasma membrane and ________ are the three major regions of cells that can readily be seen with a light microscope.
cytoplasm
A(n) ________ in molecular size and a(n) ________ in temperature result in an increased rate of diffusion.
decrease, increase
A passive process, __________ is the movement of solute molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration.
diffusion
This organelle stores and transports proteins, and synthesizes phospholipids and cholesterol.
endoplasmic reticulum
A membrane transport process is active if it requires ________.
energy provided by ATP
The end product of mitosis is four genetically identical daughter nuclei.
false
This organelle digests other worn-out organelles and foreign substances that have entered the cell.
lysosome
________ are membranous sacs that detoxify harmful chemicals.
peroxisomes
During this phase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle forms and the nuclear envelope fragments.
prophase
Which of the following statements is true?
Active processes require ATP
DNA replication occurs during___.
Interphase
Molecule A has a molecular weight of 175 and Molecule B has a molecular weight of 450. A 0.1 M solution of each is placed on agar gel. Which molecule will diffuse more rapidly through the agar?
Molecule A
In __________ processes, the cell provides energy in the form of ATP to power the transport process.
active
In the body, filtration is important in moving ________.
fluid and solutes out of the capillaries and into the kidney tubules
Ribosomes/ribosomal subunits are found ________.
free in the cytoplasm
During __________ the cell grows and performs its usual activities.
interphase
From the time it is formed until it reproduces, the cell undergoes growth and carries out its functions in the body. What is the name for this portion of the cell's life cycle?
interphase
Name the rod-shaped organelles that have a double-membrane wall and that oxidize foodstuffs to make ATP.
mitochondria
The division of human cells consists of a series of events, collectively called ________, or nuclear division, and ________, or division of the cytoplasm.
mitosis, cytokinesis
Active processes____.
move substances against (up) a concentration and/or electrical gradient
The plasma membrane allows nutrients to enter the cell and keeps undesirable substances out of the cell. It also allows wastes to pass out of the cell and keeps valuable cell proteins inside the cell. This property is called ________.
selective permeability
The plasma membrane not only provides a protective boundary for the cell but also determines which substances enter or exit the cell. We call this characteristic __________.
selective permeability
Which of the following would require an input of energy?
vesicular transport
A dialysis sac that is permeable to glucose and water is filled with water and placed in a beaker containing 20% glucose solution. Will there be a net transport of glucose across the dialysis sac? If so, in which direction will the glucose move, into the sac or out of the sac?
yes, glucose will move into the sac
A dialysis sac that is permeable to glucose and water is filled with water and placed in a beaker containing 20% glucose solution. Will there be a net transport of water across the dialysis sac? If so, in which direction will the water move, into the sac or out of the sac?
yes, water will move out of the sac
