HD FS 479 Midterm Quiz Q's

Which of the following is an example of a personal image?

"I am lazy."

Which of the following factors accounts for the diversity found within and between ethnic and racially diverse families?

ALL - SES - intergenerational legacies - education level

A "good enough" level of individuation is thought to be related to

ALL - capacity for intimacy - identity development during adolescence - ability to act independently while remaining intimately connected to others

Within the Bowen model, individuals with a clear sense of self are conceived of as being capable of

ALL - clear reasoning - objectivity - separating emotional from intellectual functioning

A structural map is a tool to graphically represent

ALL - hierarchical relationships among family members - alignment of subsystems - fam boundaries

The strategies employed within the family are the result of

ALL - historical forces - family forces - cultural forces

The management of the emotional climate of the family involves the evolution of strategies for

ALL - nurturing and supporting family members - managing conflict and tension - building family cohesion

The specifics of each person's Comparison Level (CL) are influenced by

ALL - previous experiences in relationships - information gained by observing peer relationships - family origin experiences

For __________ families, the mistrust of broader social systems is among those factors that result in the development of strong kinship networks.

African American

According to Gottman, the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse include all of the following EXCEPT:

Complaints

Living vicariously through one's children may involve all of the following EXCEPT

Parents pressure their children to become just like them

According to Gottman

Satisfied couples maintain a 5 to 1 ratio of positive to negative interactions.

Which of the following statements is true?

Relationships are experienced as inequitable when one partner derives greater benefits from the relationship than the other.

Which of the following is NOT a direct factor impacting on the rate of acculturation?

SES

____________ can be thought of as a continuous variable defined primarily by education, income levels, and occupational status of the family.

SES

Which of the following statements is true with respect to the presence of conflict in marriage?

The presence of conflict signals the need for marital strategies and rules to be adjusted.

According to the text, the two principal indicators of successful individuation during early adulthood are _____ and ______.

a coherent personal identity / capacity for intimacy

All of the following characterize a well-differentiated family system EXCEPT

a high degree of fusion

In the genogram, a husband would be symbolized by

a square

The term ______________ has been used to refer to the process of learning about a new culture and deciding what aspects are to be retained or sacrificed from the culture of origin.

acculturation

Which of the following is NOT an example of the general dimension along which conversational styles are thought to vary?

accuracy

___________ refer(s) to the family system's capacity to change its rules and strategies in response to situational or developmental stress.

adaptability

Within the structural model, the term ____________ refers to how the family reorganizes its structure in response to internal demands and external social or environmental events.

adaptation

All communications convey information about

all of the above (self, other, relationship)

The relationship strategies and rules that become established within marriage

are influenced by the patterns of interaction that initially fueled interpersonal attraction and commitment

Poorly differentiated families

are likely to view individuation efforts as an act of disloyalty

____________ is the term used to refer to the process by which a minority group gradually adopts the customs and attitudes of the dominant culture.

assimilation

________________________ requires the creation of strategies that distribute power in ways that allow family members to feel positive about their involvement in the family.

building family cohesion

The term ____________ refers to the people in the family.

composition

When restoring harmony and maintaining intimacy are the goals of conflict management, strategies tend to emphasize

compromise and cooperation

____________ is a term used to refer to disagreements over values, behaviors, family strategies, powers or resources during which one partner seeks to achieve his or her goals at the expense of the other.

conflict

_____________ is a term used to refer to the unique attributes, traits, and characteristics associated with each individual as a spouse within the marriage.

conjugal identity

The term ____________ refers to the message that is conveyed in how a message is expressed.

content level

Social exchange theorists use the concept of ____________ to refer to rewards sacrificed as a result of engaging in a relationship.

costs

A(n) __________ rule is one that all family members know but one that is not openly stated or expressed.

covert

A focus on the specific attitudes, beliefs, feelings and behaviors characteristic of a particular ethnic group is consistent with which of the following perspectives?

culture-specific perspective

The following concluding statement, "More so than other ethnic groups, Italians value family," is consistent with which of the following perspectives?

culture-specific perspective

When boundaries are structured in a ____________ way, the strategy of the system is to promote the expression of autonomy.

disengaged

A high degree of dependence on one another and relatively little privacy characterizes which type of internal boundary?

enmeshed

_____________ boundaries regulate the flow of information between the family and other social systems.

external

According to the text, judgments regarding family functioning are tied to

family dynamics

___________ refer(s) to those elements of the family experience that become organizing principles for family life.

family themes

Which of the following statements is NOT true with respect to family themes?

family themes are in no ay related to family functioning

The ability to take personal responsibility for the self throughout adolescence and into adulthood is reflected in each individual's ___________, _______________, and _____________ autonomy from the family of origin.

functional, financial, and psychological

_____________ describes the individuation response where individuals sacrifice individuality and freedom in order to remain close with the family of origin.

fusion

Within the structural model, power and authority are related to which of the following system concepts?

hierarchy

The individuation concept differs from Bowen's notion of self-differentiation in that

individuation is thought of as a life-long developmental process

Which of the following process models of family functioning takes the perspective that symptoms and problems result primarily from unconscious attempts by individuals to reenact, externalize, or master intrapsychic conflicts originating in their families of origin?

intergenerational models

____________ can be defined as the capacity to commit oneself to others without fears of losing one's sense of self.

intimacy

The __________________ strategies that evolve in a system reflect the priorities of the system and involve decisions about the use of resources.

maintenance

Within "underorganized" systems

maintenance strategies are flexible and often inconsistent

______________ provide a couple with a framework of meaning that serves to guide behavior and orient the couple to extended family, friends, and community.

marital themes

_______________ refer(s) to the processes operating within systems that foster systemic growth and development.

morphogenesis

A consideration of the diversity found within and between ethnic groups while focusing on the family's "ecological fit" within its broader context, is consistent with which of the following perspectives?

multidimensional perspective

____________ refers to the fact that family systems are comprised of smaller subsystems.

organizational complexity

A low tolerance for individuality or a low tolerance for intimacy characterizes

poorly differentiated families

The term ___________ refers to a system of rules for communication within an intimate relationship that gives the couple's relationship its distinctive quality, helps to organize the strategies that will be needed to face the many tasks and issues that will arise, and influence show couples feel about their relationship.

private message system

Oscar is an 18-year-old living with his enmeshed family. They inhibit his attempts at individuation and pressure him to stay fused with them. Over time, Oscar developed a substance abuse problem. When he is using, he feels as though he is rebelling against his family and expressing individuality and difference from them. At the same time, his problem keeps him from successfully developing autonomy from the family. This is an example of:

pseudo-individuation

Which of the following is NOT an example of an identity task?

regulating autonomy

______________ is a term used to refer to the shared prescriptions for behavior associated with a social position.

role

____________ exists when partners disagree about marital roles and responsibilities.

role conflict

How families adapt their strategies and rules in response to stress refers to which of the following family system concepts?

second-order tasks

The term _____________ implies discrete categories of people who are similar in their levels of education, income, occupational status, housing and lineage.

social class

____________________ theories of mate selection can be characterized as largely descriptive accounts of the different phases in a relationship's development.

stage

Sixteen-year-old Lorena is arrested for having a six-pack of beer in her backpack. According to the textbook, this would be classified as a:

status offense

As a family system property, differentiation refers to all of the following EXCEPT

the hierarchical alignment of family subsystems

Within the single-parent family, a child being in charge of other children will NOT pose problems for the system as long as

the parent retains a position of authority within the system

According to Minuchin, the recurring presence of cross-generational coalitions suggests that

the system's boundaries are not clear

The term ___________ refers to a type of communication feedback that conveys the message to a partner that he or she is valued.

transaction management

___________ is a term used to refer to critical periods in the development of an intimate relationship where the relationship either evolves to a deeper level of intimacy and involvement, or dissolves.

turning points