HDF Quiz 12

What are the symptoms associated with menopause?

Changes in your period Hot flashes Vaginal dryness Loss of bladder control Trouble sleeping Sexual urges changes (sometimes increased, sometimes decreased) Mood changes Depression Larger waist Loss of muscle Increase in fat Increased the chance of osteoporosis Increased chance of heart disease

What is "cognitive reserve"?

Cognitive reserve refers to the brain's ability to operate effectively even when some function is disrupted. It also refers to the amount of damage that the brain can sustain before changes in cognition are evident.

4. Where do countries with the lowest life expectancy tend to be located globally?

Lowest life expectancies tend to be located in Africa.

What is menopause?

Menopause is the time of the last menstrual period.

2. Which countries have the highest life expectancy?

Monaco Macau Japan Singapore San Marino Hong Kong Andorra Switzerland Guernsey Australia

Why are women less likely to be sexually active as they age?

Older women were less likely to report being sexually active than older men, and were less likely to be in intimate relationships. This is because they were twice as likely to be widowed as men.

3. Where does the U.S. rank?

42

According to a large survey, what percent of adults aged 57-64, 65-75, and 75-85 were sexually active?

Ages 57 - 64: 62% of women and 84% of men Ages 65 - 74: 40% of women and 67% of men Ages 75 - 85: 16% of women and 38% of men

3. What happens to differences in life expectancy at older ages? a. For example, look at Table A, at age zero, what is the difference in number of years that Blacks and Whites are expected to live (use total, not male or female)? At age 25, what is that difference? At 45? And at 75? What is the trend?

As people age, their life expectancy evens out, and there isn't much of a difference between the expectancies for different races.

1. Who has the longest life expectancy from birth when comparing Whites, Blacks, Hispanics, Asian Americans, and Native Americans?

Asian Americans

What is the average age at which most women reach menopause?

Between ages 45 to 55. The average age of a woman have her last period is 51

2. Who has longer average life expectancy at birth? a. Males versus females? b. Whites, Hispanics, or Blacks?

Females Hispanics

What is hormone replacement therapy and how does it treat symptoms of menopause?

Form and replacement therapy, also known as when a problem for men therapy, involves taking estrogen (as well as just writing, still have a uterus). It can help by replacing lost time is in the body, and they can reduce the sentence and and help prevent bone loss.

What factors influence whether or not someone remains sexually active?

Healthy people were more likely to report being sexually active - health seem to matter more than age alone. Diabetes and hypertension were strongly associated with sexual problems.

What does research suggest people can do to promote healthy brain functioning as they age?

◾Controlling risk factors for chronic disease, such as heart disease and diabetes (for example, keeping blood cholesterol and blood pressure at healthy levels and maintaining a healthy weight) ◾ Enjoying regular exercise and physical activity ◾ Eating a healthy diet that includes plenty of vegetables and fruits ◾ Engaging in intellectually stimulating activities and maintaining close social ties with family, friends, and community

What are some ethnic differences in the experience of menopause?

-Hot flashes recited at incentive and 57.8% of African-American women, the 4.4% of white women, and 52.5% of Hispanic women. Only 26.1% of Asian women reported having hot flashes. This could be due to an increase in soy product ingestion. -Weight gain was cited as a menopause symptoms by 54.6% of black women and 50.8 of Hispanic women. It was mentioned by 45% of white women and 33.3% of Asian women in the paper. Declining sex interest was cited more often by Hispanic and Asian women.

1. What was average life expectancy at birth (age 0) in the U.S. in 2009?

78.5 years

1. During aging, how does the brain change?

Certain parts the brain shrink, especially in the prefrontal cortex. Changes in neurons and neurotransmitters affect communication between neurons due to the lost myelin. Blood flow can be reduced because arteries narrow and less growth of new capillaries occurs. Structures called plaques and tangles may develop. Damage by free radicals increases. Inflammation increases.