HDFS 2200--Midterm Prep

Which of the following class structures includes the highest percentage of Americans?

Working class

According to the textbook, which of the following is a reason why sexual behavior is less constrained now than it was in the past?

Young people's living alone before marriage

Which of the following is NOT a major change in dating and romantic relationships that has made following social scripts more difficult in recent years? +Cohabitation has increased. +Couples are less committed to each other. +The Internet has broadened the social world for many people, changing how people meet and socialize. +There are more ways to form and sustain a relationship.

Couples are less committed to each other.

Which of the following roles related to marriage was NOT a role played by the state-established churches in the early European Societies? +Deciding who could marry into which families +Presiding over marriage ceremonies +Allocating power and property among family members Determining the validity of marriages

Deciding who could marry into which families

What is a definition of the personal family?

Compromised of people to whom we feel related and who we expect to define us as family

The process by which social scientists establish an association between two phenomena is known as ______

Correlation

The 1967 Supreme Court case Loving v. Virginia declared what unconstitutional?

laws against interracial marriage

The richest 1% of Americans earned what percent of all income in 2014?

20%

According to the text, __________ of college students have reported having between 4-9 hook ups.

29.6%

According to the text, what percent of people found sex between an unmarried man and a women morally acceptable in 2016?

65%

Women's weekly earnings are what percentage of men's weekly earnings?

81%

One difficulty of studying families in identifying whether something causes something else. In many cases, two things may occur together (such as the use of nightlights and nearsightedness), but one may not cause the other.

????? the full question on inquisitvie includes the part about correlation

Which of the following statements is NOT true about poverty in America? +Poverty for older people has increased dramatically since the 1960s +Many people move in and out of poverty +Poverty is concentrated by race/ethnicity +Poverty is closely related to family structure

Poverty for older people has increased dramatically since the 1960s

A theorist might point out which social fact to support the consensus perspective?

The 2 major political parties in the US have existed for decades, and despite strong partisanship, citizens generally follow the governance of either party

Which of the following is a unique circumstance for unmarried parents?

They don't have much time to date, but many still do.

Social mobility refers to the movement, up or down, between social classes. True or False?

True

Which of the following is an example of familism?

+ A grandfather moves into his daughter's home to help take care of his grandchildren. +A teenager misses several days of school to look after a sick relative.

What is the study of ancestry and family history?

genealogy

What is a primary advantage to big data reserch?

It collects data on observed behavior

In which of the following examples, does the young person have the highest life chance?

Justin Smith is the son of a successful and wealthy businessman and is graduating from Harvard this year.

Which of the following IS NOT an example of how the birth control pill may have had repercussions for society once it was widely available? +Men and women delayed marriage until later ages. +Women bear more of the responsibility for preventing pregnancy. +Rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have decreased. +Economic inequality between men and women declined.

Rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have decreased.

Identify the statement that describes why some researchers argue that love is an evolutionary adaptation.

Children loved by their parents were more likely to survive infancy.

Studies of interracial marriage have found that among Asians and Latinos, second-generation immigrants are more likely to marry members of other races than first-generation immigrants. What does this suggest?

This finding suggests that these groups may experience social integration similar to that of Italian immigrants in the past.

What is a disadvantage to big data research?

This kind of research requires powerful computers

A cohort is a group of people who experience an event together at the same time. true or false??

True

Coming out is the process of revealing one's gay sexual orientation to the significant people in one's life True or False??

True

Which of the following types of families is most likely to be poor?

Unmarried female-headed families

Which of the following examples DOES NOT fit the definition of a legal family? a single man and his two dogs a single mother and her adopted son a recently married gay couple a husband, a wife, and the wife's biological son a divorced father and his daughter

a single man and his two dogs

Much relationship research on dating has been directed at ________.

college students

Marriage and reproduction within a distinct group is called _____________; marriage and reproduction outside one's distinct group is called _____________.

endogamy; exogamy

According to conflict theory what creates instability in society, which can lead to what

inequality, positive social change

One important modern principle used in almost all data collection about race and ethnicity involves:

self-identification

Which surface difference is perhaps most important biologically?

skin color

Which of the following statements about acculturation and assimilation IS true?

+Learning the language of the host society is important for both processes. +Acculturation can happen without assimilation, but not vice versa. +Acculturation can happen without acceptance by the host society, but that is not the case for assimilation

About what percentage of people report having met their current partner online?

22%

According to the text, women between the ages of 30-34 have had a median number of ______ sexual partners

5

One of the most monumental changes in family life in the 19th century was the drop in number of children in each family. In fact, the average number of children in White families dropped by _______ over the century.

50%

Which of the following is the most accurate example of a split-household family?

A Chinese man works on a U.S. railroad, leaving his wife behind in China

Which of the following groups is the most isolated group in terms of dating?

Blacks

Which of the following occupations is the LEAST female dominated?

Electricians

Which of the following examples best describes the term transgender?

Emily was assigned female at birth, but recently asked friends and family to use his chosen name (Mike) and pronouns (he/him).

Because the word family means different things to different people, the textbook provides a broad definition of families as groups of people who are bound by which of the following types of connections?

Emotional, legal and biological

Which of the following is NOT a major lens through which social scientists study sexuality? +Sexual behavior +Identity +Human biology +Ethics of sexual behavior

Ethics of sexual behavior

Which of the following describes the term matrilineal?

In this family arrangement, wealth and power are transmitted from mothers to daughters.

When did the word homosexual first begin to appear as a way to describe someone's identity?

Late nineteenth century

What was a relatively common form of polygamy in the nineteenth century?

The practice in Mormon communities for a man to have more than one wife

Define Acculturation

The process by which immigrants learn and acquire a host society's culture and language

Define Assimilation

The reduction of immigrant differences, as they merge into the host society. ethnic differences and things that define them as an "other" melt away

Which of the following is NOT an example of gender socialization? +Andrea explains to her friends that her parents will not allow her to stay out late after she failed a test. +Alexandra is reprimanded for being too loud and told to act "like a lady." +Christopher knows that he is expected to have a strong handshake when meeting a job recruiter. +Tiffany teases her friend Patrick about wearing pink to school.

Andrea explains to her friends that her parents will not allow her to stay out late after she failed a test.

Which of the following statements about acculturation and assimilation is NOT true?

Assimilation most often occurs before acculturation

Which of the following is NOT associated with stronger feelings of homophobia? +Being religious +Feeling that being gay is a choice +Being born before 1990 +Being female

Being female

Most people live, marry, reproduce, and raise children primarily____

within their own racial-ethnic group

__________ is the practical, rational dedication of one person to another based on shared understanding and emotional commitment.

utilitarian love

What is a definition of the legal family?

A narrower definition of family that is limited to those who are related to use by birth, marriage or adoption

Define Familism

A personal outlook that puts family obligations first, before individual well-being

Which of the following racial/ethnic groups has the highest poverty rate?

American Indian

Which of the following mate selection patterns creates the most inequality in a society? +Adults typically, but not always, marry people who are from their own social class and who have attained a similar level of education +Adults date and marry irrespective of social class background. +Adults only marry within their own social class. +Adults date and marry without attention to social class, but within their own level of education.

Adults only marry within their own social class.

Identify the statement that describes how the rising age at first marriage impacted sexual behavior.

Almost all Americans have sex before marriage.

Which of the following is the force that prompted Mexican migration to the U.S.?

Although some were already living in the United States when their territory was annexed, migrants continue to move to the United States in search of jobs and better lives.

What is the difference between facts and theory in the study of the family?

Facts provide information about family life, whereas theory is a way to explain how those facts influence one another.

Coverture was a legal doctrine under which husbands were incorporated into their wives' citizenship True or False???

False

Most social science research supports the argument that elements of the Black family structure today, such as matriarchal households and children raised by extended family members, are inherited from African traditions. True or False??

False

Sex and gender mean the same thing True or False??

False

In a story from the textbook, a woman recalled, "In 1969 I even started to wear trousers to work (as a social worker). At the time this was certainly frowned on, yet two years later social workers were roaming the inner city in torn jeans, gym shoes and bra-less T-shirts." What concept does this story exemplify?

Gender roles change over time and across place.

Which of the following is the force that prompted Puerto Rican migration to the U.S.?

Members of this group enjoyed automatic right of residency in the U.S. mainland.

Most Latino families in the United States are of what origin?

Mexican

Which of the following is an example of a third-generation immigrant?

Michelle has a Russian grandmother who shares recipes with her and tells her stories about her life in Russia in the 1930s and 1940s

Which of the following is the force that prompted Cuban migration to the U.S.?

Migration started in response to a political revolution in this group's home country.

According to Melvin Kohn's classic series of studies, how do both middle- and working-class parents' experiences with work influence their parenting?

Parents teach their children the interpersonal skills that they use in their own jobs.

The high school prom has been a site of continuous legal and social conflict for decades. Why are prom scripts so important?

Proms are often seen as a formal step in the process of mate selection that can lead eventually to marriage.

Which of the following social phenomena helped lead to the rise of concentrated urban poverty among African Americans?

deindustrialization

Which of the following historically limited black family structure?

poverty

Which of the following IS NOT a factor that made building and maintaining families difficult for slaves in the period between 1619 and the end of the Civil War (in the mid-1800s)? +Slaves could be sold, and therefore separated from their families without notice. +Slave marriage and parenthood were not legally recognized by the states. +Most enslaved children did not live with their parents. +Most slaves did not have family names by which they could formally recognize lineage.

Most enslaved children did not live with their parents.

Which of the following is NOT a main form of scarcity that single-mother families often face in contrast to two-parent families? +Motivation +Time +Money +Social Capital

Motivation

Moving Into Chapter 5

Now

Moving on to Chapter 6

Now

Moving on to Chapter 7

Now

Which siblings tend to hold more traditional attitudes about gender?

Older brothers with younger sisters

How do sociologists working from the biological perspective seek to understand human behavior?

They apply understandings of the biological underpinnings of sex differences to common family traits and practices today.

Division of labor refers to who does what work and for what rewards. True or False??

True

On average, women live longer than men in 99% of all countries. True or False??

True

Rather than marrying for political, economic, and social reasons, individuals began to value companionship, friendship, and romance at the turn of the 20th century. True or False??

True

The family arena is a social place in which relations between people in common positions are governed by accepted rules of interaction. True or False??

True

Which group is gradually losing its dominant numerical status in proportion to other racial-ethnic groups?

White

Which of the following groups is LEAST likely to intermarry with those of other races or ethnicities?

White Woman are least liekly From least to most White women < Black women < Black men < Hispanic men

Why does the percentage of Whites married to Blacks in the United States differ so significantly from the parentage of Blacks married to Whites in the United States?

Whites comprise a much larger proportion of the U.S. population

What is an example of a way in which an elementary school teacher might engage in gender socialization in schools?

By reprimanding a girl for playing on the jungle gym because she is wearing a dress

Jarrod O'Reilly's favorite holiday is St. Patrick's Day, since he is of Irish descent. He wears green, throws a big party, and even drinks green beer. But for the rest of the year, Jarrod does not think much about his Irish background, illustrating ______

the sometimes voluntary nature of ethnicity

Imagine you are selected to take part in a study, and the researcher asks you to track and report the times of day in which you study, work, relax, interact with family, and interact with friends. What kind of study method would this be?

time use

According to the text, how many people in America live alone or only with people to whom they are not related?

53 million

Which of the following is NOT a way in which the federal government increased legal regulation of family life during the industrial era? +Outlawing "obscene" material in the mail system +Establishing and recognizing marriage credentials +Linking property rights to marital status +Creating rules for religious organizations' role in sanctifying marriages

Creating rules for religious organizations' role in sanctifying marriages

Which of the following is the force that prompted Central and South American migration to the U.S.?

Disparate forces prompted migration among this group, with some searching for an escape from poverty and others hoping to use their skills in a new country.

Identify the term that describes the process of immigrant children adapting to a new culture more rapidly than their parents.

Dissonant Acculturation (When children and adults transition together its called consonant acculturation)

Which of the following is the characteristic of family life for 19th century Mexican Americans?

Family members exhibited a strong sense of obligation toward one another.

Which of the following factors DOES NOT contribute to the relatively high rate of HIV infection in the African American population? +Greater biological susceptibility by race +Lower levels of health care +Racial segregation +Less access to education about sex and sexuality transmitted diseases

Greater biological susceptibility by race