Head and neck Review questions and answers chapters 1-6

Which of the following structures forms the floor of each maxillary sinus? A. Alveolar process of the maxilla B. Facial wall of the maxilla C. Infratemporal surface of the maxilla D. Lateral wall of the nasal cavity

A. Alveolar process of the maxilla

Which of the following statements concerning anatomic position is CORRECT? A. Body is erect with eyes looking forward. B. Arms are at sides with palms directed backward. C. Arms are behind the head with toes directed forward. D. Body is supine with eyes closed.

A. Body is erect with eyes looking forward.

Which muscle listed is considered MOST superiorly located on the head and neck? A. Corrugator supercilii muscle B. Zygomatic major muscle C. Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle D. Superior belly of the omohyoid muscle

A. Corrugator supercilii muscle

Which muscle's activity helps to prevent the tongue from sinking back and obstructing respiration? A. Genioglossus muscle B. Stylopharyngeus muscle C. Inferior longitudinal muscle D. Palatoglossus muscle

A. Genioglossus muscle

Which of the following muscle groups inserts DIRECTLY on the hyoid bone? A. Geniohyoid, stylohyoid, and omohyoid muscles B. Masseter, stylohyoid, and digastric muscles C. Masseter, buccinator, and omohyoid muscles D. Palatopharyngeus and palatoglossus muscles and muscle of the uvula

A. Geniohyoid, stylohyoid, and omohyoid muscles

Which of the following muscles has two bellies, giving the muscle two different origins? A. Lateral pterygoid B. Geniohyoid C. Thyrohyoid D. Stylohyoid

A. Lateral pterygoid

Which muscle listed below is MOST superficial in regard to location? A. Masseter muscle B. Medial pterygoid muscle C. Lateral pterygoid muscle D. Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle

A. Masseter muscle

Which muscle can make the patient's oral vestibule shallower, thereby making dental work sometimes difficult? A. Mentalis B. Zygomaticus major C. Depressor anguli oris D. Levator anguli oris

A. Mentalis

Which of the following muscle groups listed below is innervated by the cervical nerves? A. Muscles of mastication B. Muscles of facial expression C. Suprahyoid muscles D. Infrahyoid muscles E. Intrinsic tongue muscles

A. Muscles of mastication

Which of the following bones forms the jugular foramen along with the jugular notch of the temporal bone? A. Occipital B. Mandible C. Parietal D. Sphenoid

A. Occipital

Which of the following bony landmarks form an articulation with each other? A. Occipital condyles with atlas B. Occipital condyles with axis C. Mandibular fossa with coronoid notch D. Mandibular fossa with coronoid process

A. Occipital condyles with atlas

Which of the following structures is located directly posterior to the incisive papilla? A. Palatine rugae B. Mucogingival junction C. Vermilion zone D. Labial frenum

A. Palatine rugae

Which of the following muscles forms the anterior faucial pillar in the oral cavity? A. Palatoglossus B. Palatopharyngeus C. Stylopharyngeus D. Tensor veli palatini

A. Palatoglossus

Which muscle is located just deep to the skin of the neck? A. Platysma B. Buccinator C. Risorius D. Mentalis

A. Platysma

Which part of the temporal bone is involved in the temporomandibular joint? A. Squamous B. Tympanic C. Petrous D. Mastoid

A. Squamous

Which of the following muscle pairs are considered to be intrinsic tongue muscles? A. Superior longitudinal B. Genioglossus C. Styloglossus D. Hyoglossus

A. Superior longitudinal

In addition to the zygomatic bone, which of the following bones has a process that forms the other part of the zygomatic arch? A. Temporal B. Maxillae C. Sphenoid D. Palatine

A. Temporal

Which of the following landmarks is an anterior process located on the sphenoid bone? A. Wing B. Notch C. Body D. Angle

A. Wing

Proximal refers to a body part that is A. closer to the medial plane of the body than another part. B. farther from the medial plane of the body than another part. C. farther from the point of attachment to the body than another part. D. closer to the point of attachment to the body than another part.

A. closer to the medial plane of the body than another part

If the skin in a region is considered superficial, then the related bones in the same region are considered A. deep. B. superficial. C. superior. D. inferior.

A. deep.

The outer side of the wall of a hollow structure is A. external. B. exterior. C. internal. D. interior.

A. external.

The opening from the oral region into the oropharynx is the A. fauces. B. palatine tonsils. C. pterygomandibular fold. D. nasopharynx.

A. fauces.

Which of the following statements is CORRECT concerning anatomic variation within the head and neck? A. Number of bones and muscles usually varies. B. Bones can vary in the size of processes. C. Lymph nodes never vary in placement. D. Variations of anatomy do not impact dental treatment.

B. Bones can vary in the size of processes.

Which muscle of facial expression compresses the cheeks during chewing assisting the muscles of mastication? A. Risorius B. Buccinator C. Mentalis D. Orbicularis oris E. Masseter

B. Buccinator

Which of the following is a CORRECT statement when considering facial features? A. Ears are medial to the nose. B. Ears are lateral to the nose. C. Ears are medial to the eyes. D. Mouth is lateral to the nose.

B. Ears are lateral to the nose.

Which of the following structures is a short window like opening found in healthy bone? A. Fossa B. Foramen C. Fissure D. Perforation

B. Foramen

Which of the following situations occurs when BOTH sternocleidomastoid muscles are used at the same time by the patient? A. Neck is drawn laterally B. Head flexes at the neck C. Chin moves superiorly to the contralateral side D. Head rotates and is drawn to the shoulders

B. Head flexes at the neck

Which of the following muscles is an extrinsic muscle of the tongue? A. Geniohyoid muscle B. Hypoglossus muscle C. Mylohyoid muscle D. Transverse muscle E. Vertical muscle

B. Hypoglossus muscle

Which of the following structures is located between the tragus and the antitragus? A. Orbit of the eye B. Intertragic notch C. Angle of the mandible D. Helix of the ear E. Labial commissure

B. Intertragic notch

Which of the following terms is used to describe an area of the body that is farther from the median plane? A. Proximal B. Lateral C. Medial D. Ipsilateral E. Contralateral

B. Lateral

The occipital condyles are located ________________ and ________________ to the foramen magnum. A. Medial, anterior B. Lateral, anterior C. Medial, posterior D. Lateral, posterior

B. Lateral, anterior

In which bone are BOTH the infraorbital foramen and infraorbital canal located? A. Frontal B. Maxillae C. Sphenoid D. Zygomatic

B. Maxillae

Which of the following landmarks is formed by the maxillae? A. Mental spine B. Median palatine suture C. Retromolar triangle D. Hamulus E. Inferior orbital fissure

B. Median palatine suture

1. Which of the following planes divides the body in anatomic position into right and left halves? A. Horizontal plane B. Median plane C. Coronal plane D. Frontal plane

B. Median plane

Through which plane of the body in anatomic position is a mid- sagittal section taken? A. Horizontal plane B. Median plane C. Coronal plane D. Frontal plane

B. Median plane

Which of the following descriptions concerning the masseter muscle is CORRECT? A. Most superficial muscle of facial expression B. Originates from the zygomatic arch C. Inserts on the medial surface of the mandible's angle D. Depresses the mandible during jaw movement

B. Originates from the zygomatic arch

The maxillary tuberosity is located on the _____ aspect of each maxilla. A. Anterior B. Posterior C. Medial D. Lateral

B. Posterior

Which of the following structures is a large, roughened projection related to the petrous part of the temporal bone? A. Notch B. Process C. Air cells D. Sinus

B. Process

Which of the following structures is the opening in the center of the iris? A. Sclera B. Pupil C. Orbit D. Iris

B. Pupil

Which of the following cranial nerves is associated with the stylomastoid foramen? A. Fifth cranial nerve B. Seventh cranial nerve C. Ninth cranial nerve D. Tenth cranial nerve E. Eleventh cranial nerve

B. Seventh cranial nerve

Which of the following processes is located just inferior and medial to the external acoustic meatus? A. Pterygoid process B. Styloid process C. Mastoid process D. Hamulus

B. Styloid process

Which of the following landmarks serves to locate the hyoid bone during an extraoral examination on a patient? A. Level of the first cervical vertebra B. Superior and anterior to the thyroid cartilage C. Articulation with the cartilage of the larynx D. Inferior and posterior to the "Adam's apple"

B. Superior and anterior to the thyroid cartilage

Which of the following muscle groups is involved in BOTH elevating the hyoid bone and depressing the mandible? A. Muscles of mastication B. Suprahyoid muscles C. Infrahyoid muscles D. Intrinsic tongue muscles E. Extrinsic tongue muscles

B. Suprahyoid muscles

Which of the following sections is considered also a horizontal section? A. Midsagittal section B. Transverse section C. Frontal section D. Median section

B. Transverse section

Which of the following structures extends from just inferior to the lateral margin of the eye toward the ear? A. Pterygomandibular fold B. Zygomatic arch C. Sulcus terminalis D. Sternocleidomastoid muscle

B. Zygomatic arch

The root of the nose is located A. midline between the nares. B. between the eyes. C. at the tip of the nose. D. at the lateral part of each naris.

B. between the eyes.

The concavity noted on the anterior border of the coronoid process of the mandibular ramus is the A. mandibular notch. B. coronoid notch. C. temporal fossa. D. infratemporal fossa.

B. coronoid notch.

The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is noted to A. originate from the larynx. B. insert on the median pharyngeal raphe. C. overlap the stylopharyngeus muscle. D. be a longitudinal muscle of the pharynx.

B. insert on the median pharyngeal raphe.

The parietal and occipital regions are covered by the A. temporal region. B. layers of scalp. C. eyelids with their tear ducts. D. external acoustic meatus.

B. layers of scalp.

The tissue at the junction between the labial or buccal mucosa and the alveolar mucosa is the A. mucogingival junction. B. mucobuccal fold. C. vermilion zone. D. labial frenum. E. labiomental groove.

B. mucobuccal fold.

The posterior belly of the digastric muscle is also considered a(n) A. muscle of facial expression. B. posterior suprahyoid muscle. C. intrinsic muscle of the tongue. D. extrinsic muscle of the tongue.

B. posterior suprahyoid muscle

An area of the body in anatomic position that faces toward the head is considered A. inferior. B. superior. C. proximal. D. distal. E. dorsal.

B. superior.

The lacrimal gland is located just inside the lateral part of the A. glabella. B. supraorbital rim. C. supraorbital notch. D. nasion.

B. supraorbital rim

Into which of the following cervical triangles does the sternocleidomastoid muscle divide the neck region? A. Superior and inferior triangles B. Medial and lateral triangles C. Anterior and posterior triangles D. Proximal and distal triangles

C. Anterior and posterior triangles

In which region of the head and neck is the tragus located? A. Frontal region B. Nasal region C. Auricular region D. Anterior cervical triangle E. Submandibular trianle

C. Auricular region

Which muscle listed below when contracted causes a frown? A. Zygomaticus minor muscle B. Levator anguli oris muscle C. Depressor anguli oris muscle D. Risorius muscle

C. Depressor anguli oris muscle

Which of the following features is located on the temporal bone? A. Superior temporal line B. Foramen rotundum C. External acoustic meatus D. Cribriform plate E. Orbital plate

C. External acoustic meatus

Which of the following planes divides any part of the body further into anterior and posterior parts? A. Sagittal plane B. Horizontal plane C. Frontal plane D. Median plane

C. Frontal plane

Which of the following sections is considered also a coronal section? A. Sagittal plane B. Horizontal plane C. Frontal plane D. Median plane

C. Frontal plane

Which of the following terms is used to describe the smooth, elevated area between the eyebrows in the frontal region? A. Supraorbital ridge B.Medial canthus C. Glabella D. Alae E. Auricular region

C. Glabella

Which of the following bones and their processes form the hard palate? A. Maxillary processes of the maxillae and horizontal plates of the palatine bones B. Palatal processes of the maxillae and maxillary plates of the palatine bones C. Horizontal plates of the palatine bones and palatine processes of the maxillae D.Maxillary plates of the palatine bones and horizontal processes of the maxillae

C. Horizontal plates of the palatine bones and palatine processes of the maxillae

Which of the following is suspended within the neck without any bony articulations? A. Maxillae B. Mandible C. Hyoid bone D. Mandible and hyoid bone

C. Hyoid bone

Which of the following muscle groups listed below serves to depress the hyoid bone? A. Muscles of mastication B. Suprahyoid muscles C. Infrahyoid muscles D. Intrinsic tongue muscles E. Extrinsic tongue muscles

C. Infrahyoid muscles

Which of the following is a faint ridge noted where the right and left mandibular processes fused together in early childhood? A. Mylohyoid line B. Mental protuberance C. Mandibular symphysis D. External oblique line

C. Mandibular symphysis

Which of the following structures is located on the dorsal surface of the tongue? A. Labiomental groove B. Mucobuccal fold C. Median lingual sulcus D. Pterygomandibular fold E. Median palatine raphe

C. Median lingual sulcus

Where is the labial frenum located? A. Floor of the mouth lined by oral mucosa B. Near parotid papillae on buccal mucosa C. Midline between labial mucosa and alveolar mucosa D. Attached to the marginal gingiva on both dental arches

C. Midline between labial mucosa and alveolar mucosa

Which of the following muscle groups is innervated by the facial nerve? A. Intrinsic tongue muscles B. Extrinsic tongue muscles C. Muscles of facial expression D. Muscles of mastication

C. Muscles of facial expression

Which of the following structures is located or travels within the infratemporal fossa? A. Masseter muscle B. Pterygopalatine ganglion C. Posterior superior alveolar artery D. Maxillary division of the fifth cranial nerve

C. Posterior superior alveolar artery

Which of the following muscles is used when a patient grimaces? A. Epicranial B. Corrugator supercilii C. Risorius D. Mentalis

C. Risorius

Which is a single bone located at the midline of the skull? A. Temporal B. Zygomatic C. Sphenoid D. Inferior nasal conchae

C. Sphenoid

Which of the following bones of the skull is considered a cranial bone? A. Vomer B. Maxilla C. Sphenoid D. Zygomatic E. Mandible

C. Sphenoid

Which of the following statements concerning the location of the medial canthus is CORRECT when comparing it with the lateral canthus? A. Nearer to the nose B. Nearer to the ear C. Where the upper and lower eyelid meet D. Where the upper and lower lip meet

C. Where the upper and lower eyelid meet

A frontal plane placed through the body will ALWAYS bisect the A. nose. B. mouth. C. arms. D. eyes.

C. arms.

Structures that are located inward, away from the body surface, are considered A. distal. B. superficial. C. deep. D. contralateral. E. external.

C. deep.

If the shoulder of the upper limb is considered proximal, then the ipsilateral fingers are considered A. proximal. B. medial. C. distal. D. superficial.

C. distal.

The origin of the frontal belly of the epicranial muscle and the insertion of its occipital belly are BOTH at the A. clavicle and sternum. B. mastoid process. C. epicranial aponeurosis. D. pterygomandibular raphe.

C. epicranial aponeurosis.

Those structures in the oral region that are closest to the tongue are considered A. buccal. B. facial. C. lingual. D. pharyngeal. E. palatal.

C. lingual.

All the muscles of the pharynx are known to be involved in A. closing the jaws. B. facial expression. C. middle ear function. D. stabilization of the mandible.

C. middle ear function.

The origin of a muscle is considered to be A. the starting point of a muscle. B. where the muscle fibers join the bone tendon. C. the muscle end attached to the least movable structure. D. the muscle end attached to the most movable structure.

C. the muscle end attached to the least movable structure.

Which of the following bony plates is perforated to allow the passage of the olfactory nerves for the sense of smell? A. Medial plate of sphenoid bone B. Lateral plate of sphenoid bone C. Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone D. Cribriform plate of ethmoid bone

D. Cribriform plate of ethmoid bone

Which muscle does NOT aid in smiling with the lips when it contracts? A. Zygomatic major muscle B. Levator anguli oris muscle C. Zygomaticus minor muscle D. Epicranial muscle

D. Epicranial muscle

Which of the following features is located on the lateral surface of the mandible? A. Lingula B. Submandibular fossa C. Genial tubercles D. External oblique line E. Mandibular foramen

D. External oblique line

Which of the following are noted on the lateral surface of the tongue? A. Median lingual sulcus B. Fungiform lingual papillae C. Sulcus terminalis D. Foliate lingual papillae

D. Foliate lingual papillae

Which of the following is a CORRECT statement concerning human anatomy? A. Apex of a conical structure is the flat base. B. Two halves of the body are always symmetric. C. External surface is the inner wall of a hollow structure. D. Joints, vessels, nerves, glands, and nodes vary in size.

D. Joints, vessels, nerves, glands, and nodes vary in size.

Which of the following structures separates the lower lip from the chin? A. Vermilion zone B. Tubercle of upper lip C. Labial commissure D. Labiomental groove E. Nasolabial sulcus

D. Labiomental groove

Which of the following is the location of the articulation of the parietal bones and the occipital bone? A. Coronal suture B. Squamosal suture C. Sagittal suture D. Lambdoidal suture

D. Lambdoidal suture

Which of the following nerves innervates the temporalis muscle? A. First cervical nerve by way of the hypoglossal nerve B. Ninth cranial nerve or glossopharyngeal nerve C. Maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve D. Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve E. Seventh cranial nerve or facial nerve

D. Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve

Which of the following muscles is considered a muscle of mastication? A. Buccinator B. Risorius C. Mentalis D. Masseter E. Corrugator supercilii

D. Masseter

Which area is immediately posterior to the MOST distal tooth in the upper arch of the dentition? A. Retromolar triangle B. Postglenoid process C. Cribriform plate D. Maxillary tuberosity E. Hamular process

D. Maxillary tuberosity

Which of the following paired muscles unite medially, forming the floor of the mouth? A. Geniohyoid B. Omohyoid C. Digastric D. Mylohyoid E. Transverse

D. Mylohyoid

Which of the following terms is used for the small papilla at the anterior end of each sublingual fold? A. Lingual frenum B. Plica fimbriata C. Foliate papillae D. Sublingual caruncle E. Incisive papilla

D. Sublingual caruncle

If a transverse plane occurs through the navel, which of the following statements is CORRECT? A. Chest and ears will be on different parts of the body. B. Chest and knees will be on the same part of the body. C. Feet and knees will be on different parts of the body. D. Thighs and feet will be on the same part of the body.

D. Thighs and feet will be on the same part of the body.

Which of the following muscle pairs is divided by a median septum? A. Geniohyoid B. Masseter C. Digastric D. Transverse E. Vertical

D. Transverse

The spaces located under the three conchae of the lateral walls of the nasal cavity are the nasal A. ostia. B. ducts. C. meatuses. D. inferior nasal conchae. E. vestibules.

D. inferior nasal conchae.

Structures on the same side of the body are considered A. proximal. B. lateral. C. medial. D. ipsilateral. E. contralateral.

D. ipsilateral.

The median plane placed through the body will divide the right arm and the A. right leg. B. brain. C. nose. D. left leg.

D. left leg.

The orbital apex is composed of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone and the A. ethmoid bone. B. frontal bone. C. maxillae. D. palatine bone. E. lacrimal bone.

D. palatine bone.

Which bone forms BOTH the superior and middle nasal conchae? A. Occipital B. Mandible C. Maxilla D. Frontal E. Ethmoid

E. Ethmoid

Which of the following is the MOST commonly used muscle when the patient's lips close around the saliva ejector? A. Risorius B. Mentalis C. Mylohyoid D. Buccinator E. Orbicularis oris

E. Orbicularis oris

Which of the following bones of the skull is paired? A. Sphenoid B. Ethmoid C. Occipital D. Vomer E. Parietal

E. Parietal