Health 1-Chapter 1: Taking Charge of Your Health

A personal contract for changing your behavior should include details such as

Strategies you will use to promote change. The dates you will start and finish. How you plan to measure your progress.

What would be an example of a cultural difference that may affect one's health?

family values

Which of the following is not a dimension of wellness?

materials

What would be considered the minimum length of time for the maintenance stage?

six months

Compared to women, men have are likelier to

die from suicide.

Of the following behaviors, which may require professional help for successful change? (Select all that apply.)

binge eating depression alcohol abuse

Compared to the general population, Asian Americans have lower rates of which of the following?

coronary heart disease obesity

African American men are at significantly higher risk of ______ cancer than men in other groups.

prostate

Which of the following are effective ways to promote wellness in the world?

providing nonalcoholic drinks at parties asking for more nutritious foods supporting nonsmoking policies for public places

Which of the following behaviors are part of the action stage of the transtheoretical model?

rewarding yourself monitoring your progress making changes to discourage the unwanted behavior

Compared to the general population, which of the following health concerns are more prevalent among American Indians and Alaska Natives?

early death rates from alcohol use early death rates from smoking early death rates from cirrhosis

The stress that an individual experiences from unsafe living conditions, such as air pollution or a high crime rate, is an example of ______ stress.

environmental

Which personal health behaviors would reduce the risk of a woman with a family history of breast cancer from developing the disease?

getting mammograms regularly controlling her weight exercising regularly

The overall condition of body or mind and the presence or absence of illness and injury is called

health

What are the social and environmental factors called that affect the health of individuals, demographic groups, or entire populations?

health determinants

Which of the following are recommended ways of moving forward from the precontemplation stage of behavior change?

seeking social support identifying helpful resources being self-aware

Ethnicity, education level, and economic status are examples of ______ health determinants.

social

To enjoy ______ wellness is to possess a set of guiding beliefs, principles, or values that give meaning and purpose to your life.

spiritual

Which of the following health disparities are of special concern among African Americans? (Select all that apply.)

stroke asthma obesity high blood pressure diabetes

The Latino population in the United States has a relatively low prevalence of which of the following health-related issues?

suicide

You decide you want to change one particular behavior and focus your energies on changing that behavior. That behavior is defined as a(n) _____________ behavior.

target

How does access to health care help improve a person's life?

preventive care appropriate treatment of diseases

Which of the following would be an example of an external locus of control?

A woman who doesn't bother with screening tests because she believes she is destined to get breast cancer

Which of the following statements most closely represents the main idea of the transtheoretical model of behavior change?

As you change your behavior, you move through distinct stages of action.

______ change is a lifestyle management process that involves cultivating healthy lifestyle habits and working to overcome unhealthy ones.

Behavior

Which of the following would be good strategies for successful behavior change for good health?

Continue to tackle more behavior change projects as time goes by. Lay out a long-range plan. Be inspired by the positive feelings you have about yourself as you see progress.

Which of the following are steps for devising a plan of action?

Control related habits. Get what you need. Modify your environment.

Which of the following are components of the contemplation stage of the transtheoretical model?

Deciding what course of action to take Being aware of the possible costs of behavior change Knowing you have a problem behavior

Using the SMART criteria, how might you set a goal to increase physical activity if you are currently out of shape?

For the first week, walk briskly for 20 minutes every day.

Which of the following statements are true about the role of genes in the body? (Select all that apply.)

Genes help regulate the body's chemical reactions. Genes help regulate the body's metabolic processes. Genes are responsible for certain diseases that run in families.

Which of the following would be helpful in creating a plan of action for behavior change?

Get any needed resources right away. Rid your environment of external cues related to the behavior. Control habits that contribute to the target behavior.

Which of the following would be good advice to give to a friend who is experiencing a relapse while trying to change his behavior?

Give yourself credit. Forgive yourself.

Which of the following is true regarding a person's locus of control?

Having an internal locus of control reinforces motivation.

Which of the following are true about people with disabilities?

People with disabilities are more likely to be overweight than people without disabilities. People with disabilities are more likely to be inactive than people without disabilities.

Sandy feels like her life is controlled by her parents and that she has no power to do anything about it. Sandy has

an external locus of control.

What actions should you take as you put your plan for behavior change into action?

Remember that you are in control of the behavior change. Get as much support as possible from supportive people. Reward yourself often.

What are characteristics of health insurance under the Affordable Care Act?

The government regulates the health care plans offered on health exchanges. People who have an income below certain levels are eligible for government subsidies. Health exchanges help individuals obtain the coverage they need.

True or False: Diabetes is a special concern for many groups of American Indians.

True

Which two of the following statements about Asian Americans and their health, as compared to the general population, are true?

Vietnamese women have higher rates of cervical cancer. They have a lower rate of coronary heart disease.

Which of the following is true about the benefits of visualization?

Visualizing yourself performing a new, healthy behavior can boost your self-efficacy.

Which of the following are true statements about behavior and behavior change? (Select all that apply.)

Wellness involves cultivating healthy behaviors and overcoming unhealthy ones. Confidence will increase as you make progress and start taking charge of your life. You likely have both healthy and unhealthy behaviors.

Which of the following statements about finding help to overcome a target behavior are true? (Select all that apply.)

You may need to seek help to overcome a particularly challenging target behavior. For college students, consulting the student health center or campus counseling center may be helpful.

The complete set of genetic material in an individual's cells is known as

a genome.

The figurative "place" people designate as the source of responsibility for the events in their lives is referred to as their

locus of control.

Which of the following are included in the maintenance stage of the transtheoretical model?

maintaining the behavior change for at least six months being vulnerable to lapses occurring quickly reestablishing the desired behavior if lapses occur

In the transtheoretical model, which of the following is not part of the contemplation stage of behavior change?

making changes to discourage the unwanted behavior

The preparation stage involves

planning to take action.

Which of the following are examples of infectious diseases?

the common cold influenza (flu)

Which of the following has been used as an effective approach to changing behavior by stages?

the transtheoretical model

What is the primary goal of the SMART criteria?

to establish goals that are realistic and achievable

Which of the following components are part of financial wellness?

understanding your emotions about money staying out of debt saving for the future balancing your income and expenses

Saying which of the following to yourself would be the best example of how self-talk can be beneficial to behavior change?

I am a capable person, and I can maintain this behavior change.

Gerald wants to stop cracking his finger joints, so he has begun to monitor that target behavior. Which of the following would be useful data for him to record for that purpose?

I cracked my knuckles tonight during a suspenseful episode of The Walking Dead. I was talking to a friend who was making fun of a mutual acquaintance when I cracked my knuckles. I was feeling very nervous when I cracked my knuckles this afternoon.

Which of the following are reasons you should make a personal contract?

It can serve as a reminder of your commitment to change. It can result in a better chance of success than a casual promise. It can help you prevent procrastination by specifying dates and goals.

Which of the following statements regarding interpersonal wellness are correct? (Select all that apply.)

It requires participating in your community and society. It is also known as social wellness. It is important to physical and emotional wellness.

Which statement about gender-based wellness factors is true?

Men have higher rates of drinking alcohol than women do.

Which of the following statements is true about relapses as people move through the stages of change of the transtheoretical model?

Most people need to make several attempts before changing a behavior successfully.

Which of the following statements about health factors in rural areas is true?

People living in rural areas are less likely to be physically active.

Match each disease with the group in which the disease is concentrated.

Tay-Sachs: French Canadian heritage sickle-cell: African ancestry cystic fibrosis: Northern European ancestry

Which of the following statements regarding people with lower income and levels of education are correct?

They are more likely to eat poorly and have other negative health habits. They have less access to health care services. They have higher rates of traumatic injury.

Which of the following best defines the term wellness?

Wellness is optimal health and vitality, and living life to its fullest.

Which of the following takes place during the action stage of the transtheoretical model?

You change your behavior and your surroundings to pursue your goal.

Which of the following is NOT part of the precontemplation stage of the transtheoretical model??

You intend to take action within 6 months. Reason: This is part of the contemplation stage.

Match each negative heredity or environment factor with the personal health behavior that would help reduce the health risk it poses.

a family history of obesity: controlling body weight and exercising regularly a highly competitive job: learning to manage stress living in a city with severe air pollution: choosing not to smoke

Which of the following are directly associated with interpersonal wellness?

a supportive network of friends communication skills a capacity for intimacy

Latinos on average have lower rates of which of the following compared to the general population?

heart disease cancer suicide

People with lower income and levels of education experience which of the following?

higher rates of tuberculosis higher rates of diabetes

Which of the following are health-related risks associated with having a disability?

inactivity depression being overweight

Which of the following are included in the preparation stage of the transtheoretical model?

practicing visualization and self-talk creating a plan, though being uncertain about being able to fulfill it planning to take action within a month

Michelle has started a plan to reduce alcohol consumption. Which three of the following would be appropriate as part of her plan of action?

preparing for challenges she might experience telling her friends and family what she is trying to accomplish rewarding herself with money saved from not buying alcohol

In general, Americans living in which of the following areas are least likely to use seat belts, get screening tests, or have access to timely emergency services?

rural areas