Health Chapter 11

Identify the true statements about the consumption of coffee in the English colonies across the Atlantic in the 1700s.

- The British Act that taxed tea made coffee the new country's national drink. - Tea was still preferred over coffee.

Identify the charges that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) made against Coca-Cola when it seized a supply of Coca-Cola syrup in 1909.

- The drink contained caffeine, which was poisonous. - The syrup contained no coca and little if any cola.

Identify the over-the-counter drugs that contain 200 mg of caffeine in one caplet.

- Vivarin - NoDoz

Considering all the various sources of caffeine, it is estimated that 80 percent of Americans regularly use caffeine in some form, and that the average intake is ______ per day.

200 mg

Match the time taken for the effects caffeine to manifest following oral intake of coffee with the descriptions of the effects

30 minutes - peak blood levels of caffeine in the body 2 hours - maximal CNS effects of caffeine 3 hours - half-life of caffeine

Identify a true statement about tea consumption in Britain during the 17th and 18th centuries.

Profit from the China tea trade colonized India and induced the English to switch from coffee to tea.

Research has indicated that moderate caffeine intake (less than 2-3 cups of coffee a day) is linked to

lower chances of developing type 2 diabetes

A true statement about the effects of caffeine on the human body is that

maximal effects on the central nervous system are reached after two hours

There is considerable evidence that 200 to 300 mg of caffeine will

partially offset fatigue-induced decrement in the performance of motor tasks

Like the amphetamines, but to a much smaller degree, caffeine

prolongs the amount of time an individual can perform physically exhausting work

Research has indicated that people who consume more than five cups of coffee a day are more likely to

suffer from coronary heart disease than nondrinkers

Identify a true statement about the physiological effects of caffeine.

Caffeine acts directly on the vascular muscles to cause dilation.

_______ refers to the excessive use of caffeine.

Caffeinism

When tax revenues from alcoholic beverages started to decline with the increasing popularity of tea, the British government

banned Dutch imports of tea in 1669

The first report of tea in the world was in

China

Which of the following led to the rise in coffee consumption in the English colonies in America in the 18th century?

Tea was taxed by the British Act.

Which of the following physiological effects is observed when high dose levels of caffeine, about 500 mg, are consumed?

The heart rate increases and can produce an irregular heartbeat in some individuals.

Which of the following statements is true about the history of Coca-Cola?

The name Coca-Cola was intended to indicate two ingredients: coca leaves and cola nuts.

Identify the one plant from which hundreds of varieties of tea are produced.

Thea sinensis

Identify the plant from which chocolate is derived.

Theobroma cacao

Identify an accurate statement about the three xanthines of primary importance—caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine.

They are methylated xanthines.

Identify a true statement about energy drinks and soft drinks.

They do not contain as much caffeine as brewed coffee.

Caffeine and the other xanthines block the brain's receptors for a substance known as _____, which is a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator.

adenosine

Adenosine normally acts in several areas of the brain to produce

behavioral sedation by inhibiting the release of other neurotransmitters

The main active ingredient of Red Bull, an energy drink, is

caffeine

Match the xanthines with their descriptions.

caffeine - It has the greatest effect on the body but is the least potent agent on the cardiovascular system. theobromine - It has almost no stimulant effect on the central nervous system and the skeletal muscles. theophylline - It is the most potent agent on the cardiovascular system.

In the context of caffeinism, it has been observed that caffeine

can cause nervousness, insomnia, and irritability

In the context of the early history of chocolate, the

chocolatl was a popular drink consumed by Montezuma, emperor of Mexico