Health Education and Health Promotion

Multiple choice answers

16. d 17. d 18. d 19. b 20. a 21. a 22. a 23. a 24. b 25. a 26. a 27. c

A nurse identifies a patient;s inability to pour a liquid medication into a measuring spoon. This diagnosis is part of the nursing process known as:

a. assessment b. planning c. implementation d. evaluation

Name four classifications of variables (factors) that influence a person's ability to adhere to a program of care:

Factors influencing adherence include demographic variables such as age, sex, and education; illness variables such as the severity of illness and the effects of therapy; psychosocial variables such as intelligence and attitudes towards illness; financial variables; and therapeutic regimen variables

Explain why health education is so essential for those with a chronic illness

People with a chronic illness need as much health care information as possible to actively participate in and assume responsibility for the management of their own care. Health education can help the patient adapt to the illness and cooperate with a treatment regimen. The goal of a health education is to teach people to maximize their health potential

List three significant factors for a nurse to consider when planning patient education:

Significant factors are the availability of health care outside the hospital setting, the employment of diverse health care providers to accomplish care management goals, and the increased use of alternative strategies other than the traditional approaches to care

wellness

a condition of good physical and emotional health sustained by a healthy lifestyle

therapeutic regimen

a routine that promotes health and healing

health education

a variety of learning experienes designed to promote behaviors that facilitate health

Select the health promotion model that identifies why some people choose actions to foster health and others refuse to participate:

a. Health Belief Model b. Resources Model of Preventive Health c. Achieving Health for All Model d. Social Learning Theory Model

Health education is

a. a primary nursing responsibility. b. an essential component of nursing care c. an independent nursing function d. consistent with all of the above

Outcome criteria are expressed as expected outcomes of patient behavior resulting from teaching strategies. An example is:

a. ability to climb a flight of stairs without experiencing difficulty in breathing b. altering lifestyle resulting from inadequate lung expansion c. inadequate ventilation associated with pulmonary congestion d. potential oxygenation deficit related to ventilatory insufficiency

The single, most important factor in determining health status and longevity is:

a. adherence to a plan b. good nutrition c. motivation to change d. stress reduction

A nurse develops a program of increased ambulation for a patient with an orthopedic disorder. This goal setting is a component of the nursing process known as:

a. assessment b. planning c. implementation d. evaluation

A nursing action that involves modifying a teaching program because a learner is not experientially ready is:

a. changing the wording in a teaching pamphlet so that a patient with a fourth-grade reading level can understand it b. contacting family members to assist in goal development to help stimulate motivation c. postponing a teaching session with a patient until pain has subsided d. all of the above

Nursing responsibilities associated with patient teaching include:

a. determining individual needs for teaching b. motivating each person to learn c. presenting information at the level of the learner d. all of the above

nursing actions that can be used to motivate a patient to learn include all of the following except:

a. feedback in the form of constructive encouragement when a person has been unsuccessful in the learning process b. negative criticism when the patient is unsuccessful, so that inappropriate behavior patterns will not be learned c. the creation of a positive atmosphere in which the patient is encouraged to express anxiety d. the establishment of realistic learning goals based on individual needs

a nurse assesses that a patient is emotionally ready to learn when the patient:

a. has accepted the therapeutic regimen b. is motivated c. recognizes the need to learn d. demonstrates all of the above

The nurse reviews a medication administration calendar with an elderly patient. Being aware of the sensory changes associated with aging, the nurse should:

a. print directions in large, bold type, preferably using black ink b. highlight or shade important dates and times with contrasting colors c. use several different colors to emphasize special dates d. do all of the above

normal aging results in changes in cognition. Therefore, when teaching an elderly patient how to administer insulin, the nurse should:

a. repeat the information frequently for reinforcement b. present all the information at one time so that the patient is not confused by pieces of information c. speed up the demonstration because the patient will tire easily d. do all of the above

Define the term adherence as it relates to a person's therapeutic regimen

adherence implies that a patient makes one or more lifestyle changes to carry out specific activities to promote and maintain health

community

an interacting population of individuals living together within a larger society

stress management

behaviors and techniques used to strengthen a person's resources against stress

There is a positive correlation between patient motivation and adherence to teaching plan. Three significant variables affecting motivation and learning are:

choice, establishment of agreed upon goals, and the quality of the patient-provider relationship

List five common examples of specific activities that promote and maintain health:

medication compliance, maintaining a healthy diet, increasing daily exercise, self-monitoring for signs of illness, practicing good over all hygiene, seeking health screening and evaluations and performing therapeutic, preventative measures

self-responsibility

personal accountability for one's actions or behavior

learning

the act of gainin knowledge and skill

health promotion

the air and science of assisting people to change thier lifestyle toward a higher state of wellness

physical fitness

the condition of being physically healthy as a result of proper exercise and nutirion

teaching

the imparting of knowledge

learning rediness

the optimum time for learning to occur; usually corresponds to the learner's perceived need and desire to obtain specific knowledge

adherence

the process of faithfully following gidelines or directions

reinforcement

the process of strengthening a given response or behavior to increase the likelihood that the behavior will continue

feedback

the return of information about the results of input given to a person or a system

nutrition

the science that deals with food and nourishment in humans