Health Promotion

During a class on exercise for clients with diabetes mellitus, a client asks the nurse educator how often to exercise. To meet the goals of planned exercise, the nurse educator should advise the client to exercise:

at least three times per week.

A postmenopausal client wishes to increase the amount of vitamin D that she consumes to help keep her bones strong. Which food will the nurse recommend?

milk

A nurse is working to provide health promotion services throughout the community. What institutions or organizations best serve as important avenues for disseminating health promotion information? Select all that apply.

Churches, synagogues, and mosques Schools (public and private) Day care centers

A premature infant is admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with respiratory distress syndrome and requires assisted ventilation. The parents asks the nurse, "Why won't our baby breath on its own?" What is the nurse's best response?

"Your infant cannot sustain respirations yet due to the lack of assistance from surfactant."

When preparing a teaching plan for a woman with mastitis, the nurse would include which instruction?

Apply warm compresses to the affected breast.

To help prevent the development of an external rotation deformity of the hip in a client who must remain in bed for any period of time, the most appropriate nursing action would be to use which equipment?

A trochanter roll extending from the crest of the ilium to the midthigh

A nurse is planning to teach a parent group about the spread of infection, the importance of vaccines, and active immunity. Which statements should be included in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.

Active immunity can be acquired through the process of vaccination or from environmental exposure to an antigen. Active immunity allows the host's own immune system to develop an immunologic response. Active immunity is long-lasting and can improve on repeated exposures to an antigen.

A client in the emergency department reports that a piece of meat became stuck in the throat while eating. The nurse notes the client is anxious with respirations at 30 breaths/min, frequent swallowing, and little saliva in the mouth. An esophagogastroscopy with removal of foreign body is scheduled for today. What would be the first activity performed by the nurse?

Assess lung sounds bilaterally.

When caring for a client with an acute exacerbation of a peptic ulcer, the nurse finds the client doubled up in bed with severe pain in the right shoulder. What is the initial appropriate action by the nurse?

Assess the client's abdomen and vital signs.

A client is postoperative following a graft reconstruction of the neck. What intervention is the most important for the nurse to complete with the client?

Assess the graft for color and temperature.

A client in her third month of pregnancy arrives at the health care facility for a regular follow-up visit. The client reports discomfort due to increased urinary frequency. Which instruction should the nurse offer the client to reduce the client's discomfort?

Avoid consumption of caffeinated drinks.

The nurse is conducting a vision assessment on a 2-year-old child. The nurse should assess for which visual ability in this child?

Fixation on an object

The nurse assesses the client and observes reddish-purple to dark blue macules, plaques, and nodules. The nurse recognizes that these manifestations are associated with which condition?

Kaposi sarcoma

The nurse is discussing types of treatment used when working with children who have orthopedic disorders. Which form of treatment covers the lower part of the body, usually from the waist down, and either one or both legs while leaving the feet open?

Spica cast

The term for a reddened circumscribed lesion that ulcerates and becomes crusted and is a primary lesion of syphilis is a(n)

chancre.

The nurse auscultates the apex beat at which anatomical location?

fifth intercostal space, midclavicular line

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD). The client's low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level is 115 mg/dL. The nurse interprets this value as

high

A nurse working at a pediatric clinic is teaching a group of parents. A parent asks the nurse if it is okay to let the young child recover from a sore throat naturally, rather than bringing the child to the clinic for diagnosis and treatment. What is the nurse's best response?

"It may be streptococcal sore throat. Rheumatic heart disease can be prevented with early treatment."

The health care provider has recommended that a client with unusually dry skin buy an over-the-counter lotion that contains alpha-hydroxy acids. While educating the client about this, what is the nurse's best statement on the subject?

"Look for a lotion that has an abundance of fruit additives as an ingredient."

Which of the following is the most effective intervention for preventing progression of vascular disease?

Risk factor modification

A nurse is giving a presentation to retirement home residents on fall prevention and injury reduction. Which priority would be the most important?

Teach about adjusting to change of position by sitting for a few minutes before standing to lessen dizziness.

The school nurse asks a group of school-age children about pedestrian safety. Which comments by the children should the nurse address with either the child or parents of the child? Select all that apply.

"I am 6 years old and I walk my younger brother to the park that is 5 blocks from our house." My friends and I like to walk on the side of the road because our sidewalk is very uneven." "I think it is funny to hide behind my dad's car before he leaves for work and scare him."

The nurse is talking with the mother of a 6-month-old who was born at 32 weeks' gestation about nutrition-related concerns. The mother questions the nurse about when additional foods may be added to the diet. She remarks that her older child was started on additional foods between 4 and 6 months of age. What response by the nurse is most appropriate?

"The addition of foods to your baby's diet may be slightly delayed because of his prematurity."

The nurse is conducting a health screening for a 3-year-old boy as required by his new preschool. Which statement by the parents warrants further discussion and intervention?

"The school is quite structured and advocates corporal punishment."

The nurse is obtaining health information from the parents of a 3-year-old. Which information is of most concern to the nurse?

"We are renovating an old farmhouse built in the early 1900s."

A client with a severe electrical burn injury is treated in the burn unit. Which laboratory result would cause the nurse the most concern?

BUN: 28 mg/dL

In an effort to improve the health status of women and their children, several national campaigns have been implemented. The campaign that reduced the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) by 50% was the:

Back to Sleep Campaign.

A pregnant woman's ultrasound reveals intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and a TORCH agent is thought to be the cause. Which nursing action is appropriate?

Determine whether the client has been immunized against rubella.

Fifteen years ago a client's right leg was lost in a motor vehicle accident. Since then, the client and the client's spouse have formed a walking group to raise money for the homeless. Why would the client be considered healthy?

The client is experiencing high quality of life within the limits of the physical condition.

A nurse knows that the use of a learning contract increases motivation and increases the likelihood of patient compliance with the treatment regimen. Which client goal best exemplifies a well-designed learning contract?

The client who wishes to stop smoking agrees to cut back on one cigarette a day for the first week of treatment and then decrease smoking by two cigarettes the following week of treatment.

The nurse is teaching a client about self-administration of insulin and about mixing regular and neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin. Which information is important to include in the teaching plan?

When mixing insulin, the regular insulin is drawn up into the syringe first.

The nurse is teaching a group of high school students about risk-taking behaviors. Which topic would be considered an example of healthy behaviors?

preventative vaccinations

Which approach to drug education would be most effective for a group of school-age children?

providing the children with strategies of how to refuse offers of drugs

The nurse is teaching the parents of a 6-month-old infant about proper dental care. Which action will the nurse indicate as most likely to cause dental caries in this infant?

putting the infant to bed with a bottle of milk or juice

The parent of a 12-year-old child reports the child does not have high self-esteem. The parent asks for suggestions to increase feelings of self-worth. What activity(ies) would be appropriate for the nurse to suggest? Select all that apply.

Encourage the child to develop new skills. Recommend the child begin to participate in after-school activities. Recommend the child investigate opportunities for volunteering at local charities.

The older client asks the nurse how best to maintain strong bones. What is the nurse's best response?

"Weight-bearing exercises can strengthen bones."

A high school nurse has noticed a trend in the reading ability of the freshman class. This high school is located in a poor, urban area where there is a high proportion of single mothers raising their children with minimal financial support. Young children many times do not have adult supervision with homework. The local school nurses discuss issues within the school area. Which suggestion by a high school nurse would be a realistic solution to the problem described in this scenario?

Organize a group of local high school students to begin a reading program in the grade school to increase interest in reading.

A nurse is applying ice packs to the perineal area of a client who has had a vaginal birth. Which intervention should the nurse perform to ensure that the client gets the optimum benefits of the procedure?

Ensure ice pack is changed frequently.

Which skin condition is caused by staphylococci, streptococci, or multiple bacteria?

Impetigo

A nurse is teaching individuals at a community health fair about the effects of photoaging due to sun exposure. Which group of people are best protected from these effects?

Individuals with dark skin

A child returns to the clinic after an episode of external otitis (acute otitis externa or swimmer's ear) that has resolved. What would the nurse emphasize as the priority for preventing future episodes?

Keeping ear canals dry

After teaching nursing students about autosomal-dominant and autosomal-recessive inherited disorders, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which of the following as true about autosomal-dominant inherited conditions?

Males and females are equally affected by this pattern of inheritance.

A client with moderate Alzheimer's disease has been eating poorly, losing weight, and playing with food at meals. The nurse best intervenes by

Placing one food at a time in front of the client during meals

A client is on a stress management program. She states that she is open to trying a guided meditation class. When helping her get started, a nurse tells her that which of the following is not important?

soft music