Health Promotion PrepU

A nursing instructor is teaching the students about the standard and transmission-based precautions. What type of precautions require placing a client in an isolated room with limited access, wearing gloves during contact with the client and all body fluids or contaminated items, wearing two layers of protective clothing, and avoiding sharing equipment between clients?

Contact precautions

An elderly client reports fatigue without shortness of breath with walking 30 minutes five times each week. The nurse assesses the resting heart rate as 72 beats per minute; 10 minutes after walking, the client's heart rate is 92 beats per minute. What should the nurse instruct the client to do next?

Continue to walk at his current level.

A nurse is teaching high school students about transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which comment by a student warrants clarification by the nurse?

"I won't donate blood, because I don't want to get AIDS."

qThe nurse is attempting to provide anticipatory guidance for the parents of an 18-month-old child. Which statement would be best for the nurse to make?

"Keep all medications in a locked cabinet."

Which area of the spinal column is subject to the greatest mechanical stress and degenerative changes?

Lower lumbar

A nurse is working with a couple who will be undergoing genetic testing. Which of the following would the nurse prepare the couple for as the first genetic test?

Family history

The nurse has just taken the blood pressure of a 13-year-old, and the percentile rank is 88%. Why would the nurse categorize the child as prehypertensive?

The teen gets no regular exercise.

A nurse epidemiologist examines the overall decrease in life expectancy related to obesity. What finding is true?

There is a 6-20 year decrease in overall life expectancy for those with obesity.

A nurse cares for a client who is post op bariatric surgery and the nurse offers the client a sugar-free beverage. What is the primary purpose of offering a sugar-free beverage?

These are less likely to cause dumping syndrome.

The nurse is teaching the parents of a 6-year-old who has sustained a large laceration about providing care to the wound at home. The nurse determines that the parents need additional teaching when they state:

"We need to keep the wound tightly bandaged for at least 3 days."

A mother tells the nurse that she is newly pregnant and asks about her 15-month-old's need for the chicken pox immunization because her two older children did "fine" when they had the disease. What is the nurse's best response?

"When your child avoids chicken pox, it protects other children from being exposed to the disease. Some cannot be immunized because of their health conditions."

A client of Jewish ancestry tells the nurse that she has the hereditary <i>BRCA1</i> breast cancer gene mutation. The client asks the nurse what her risk is for getting breast cancer. The nurse responds that the client's approximate risk for breast cancer is

80%.

A nurse is caring for a pregnant client taking an iron supplement. Which instruction(s) should the nurse include when teaching the client about ferrous sulfate tablets?

Avoid taking the supplement with milk. Avoid taking the supplement with antacids. Avoid chewing the extended-release form of the drug.

A nurse is teaching a group of older adults about the value of including foods containing antioxidants in their diet. Which statement best captures the rationale underlying the nurse's advice?

Antioxidants inhibit the actions of reactive oxygen species.

The nurse is providing instructions to a client for the treatment of a common cold. The most appropriate information would be:

Antipyretic medications and rest

The nurse is caring for a client with an elevated blood pressure and no previous history of hypertension. At 0900, the blood pressure was 158/90 mm Hg. At 0930, the blood pressure is 142/82 mm Hg. The nurse is most correct when relating the fall in blood pressure to which structure?

Baroreceptors

Which term describes a reddened, circumscribed lesion that ulcerates and becomes crusted and is a primary lesion of syphilis?

Chancre

A young parent brings a 4-year-old child to the pediatric clinic with a mild fever and a red, spotty rash that is beginning to fade. The child's heart rate is rapid, and the rhythm is abnormal. The parent states the child has been healthy until about 3 weeks ago, when the child had a sore throat. The nurse suspects rheumatic carditis. What organism causes rheumatic carditis?

Group A beta-hemolytic strep

A client is being evaluated for esophageal cancer. What initial manifestation of esophageal cancer should the nurse assess?

Increasing difficulty in swallowing

A patient is visiting the physician to determine what type of allergy is causing a rash. What type of testing does the nurse anticipate the physician will schedule?

Patch test

A nursing student observes the home care nurse provide education to a client with congestive heart failure (CHF). The nurse teaches the client how to read food labels and calculate sodium content. The nursing student recognizes that the home care nurse is aware of which basic principle of patient education?

Patient instruction related to self-care activities promotes patient independence

The nurse working in the labor and delivery unit prepares to test for which condition as a part normal newborn screening?

Phenylketonuria

A client with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder is energetic, impulsive, and verbalizing loudly in the community room. To prevent injury while complying with the principle of the least-restrictive environment, which action should the nurse take to prevent escalation of the client's mood?

Try to channel the client's energy into appropriate activities.

While at school, the client is called to the school nurse's office. The school nurse is performing secondary prevention interventions. Which would the nurse most likely be performing?

assessing vision

During a class on exercise for clients with diabetes mellitus, a client asks the nurse educator how often to exercise for 30 minutes. Which exercise frequency would meet the goals of planned exercise?

at least five times per week

A nurse will be speaking at a local high school about women's health. The nurse is planning to talk about sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as well as routine checks, along with guidelines for Papanicolaou testing. What should the nurse include in the Papanicolaou test guidelines about when to have a first test?

at the age of 21 or within 3 years of first sexual intercourse

A nurse has been teaching a client about a high-protein diet. The teaching is successful if the client identifies which meal as high in protein?

baked beans, hamburger, and milk

A client who has been diagnosed with Prinzmetal's angina will present with which symptom?

chest pain that occurs at rest and usually in the middle of the night

The classic lesions of impetigo manifest as

honey-yellow crusted lesions on an erythematous base.

A community health nurse is discussing preventative vaccines with a group of primigravida women. Which cancer-causing virus(es) should the nurse discuss that have a vaccine to prevent developing the disease

human papillomavirus (HPV) hepatitis B

A nurse is reviewing the statistical outcomes related to fetal deaths nationwide and notes that the numbers have changed over the last several decades. The best explanation would be:

improved prenatal care has reduced the numbers of fetal deaths.

Family members and friends stage an intervention for an alcoholic adolescent. The intervention is successful when the adolescent:

is motivated to enter an alcohol rehabilitation program

The nurse is conducting a community education class on gastritis. The nurse includes that chronic gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori is implicated in which disease/condition?

peptic ulcers

What is the role of the nurse during the preconception counseling of a pregnant client with chronic hypertension?

stressing the positive benefits of a healthy lifestyle

A nurse working at a child health clinic is involved in primary prevention activities. Which activity will the nurse perform in this role?

teaching about healthy food choices

The nurse is caring for a special needs child who is preparing for hippotherapy. The nurse is aware that this is what type of therapy?

therapeutic horseback riding

A client reports pain in the lower back, hips, and joints 10 days after the birth of her baby. What instruction should the nurse give the client after birth to prevent low back pain and injury to the joints?

Maintain correct posture and positioning.

Which nursing intervention should a nurse perform to reduce cardiac workload in a client diagnosed with myocarditis?

Maintain the client on bed rest

Which of the following is the preferred medication for bacterial vaginosis?

Metronidazole

The nurse auscultates the apex beat at which anatomical location?

fifth intercostal space, midclavicular line

Which statement might the nurse tell a client with pruritus?

"Assess the area for dry skin and apply moisturizing lotion." "Take cool showers before bedtime." "Maintain cool temperatures in the home." "Maintain humidification of the home."

The nurse has just finished administering the DTaP vaccine to a 2-month-old and is educating the parent about immunization. Which statement is accurate?

"Bring her back for the second dose when she is 4 months old."

A 17-year-old male adolescent on the high school swim team tells the nurse that during swim season he cuts the carbohydrates in his diet to 30% to help his swim times. What responses by the nurse are appropriate?

"Can you tell me the reason you feel the need to cut your carbohydrates when your activity level is high?" "Since you are so active, your carbohydrate intake should comprise 45% to 65% of your daily diet."

A group has asked the nurse to discuss how lifestyle factors affect heart health. Which statements by members of the group would indicate that the teaching was effective?

"Gradually increasing my exercise levels will help enhance circulation through the heart." "If I change my diet and lessen my intake of saturated fats and trans fatty acids, this may decrease my cholesterol levels." "As a borderline diabetic, if I lose weight and lessen my intake of simple carbohydrates, this should benefit my heart." "Walking is excellent exercise to strengthen my heart."

A client tells the nurse, "My partner says I snore all night long." What is the appropriate nursing response?

"Have you tried nasal strips?"

A client informs the nurse about being committed to quitting smoking to improve health. During discussion, the nurse asks the client "on a scale of 0 to 10, how likely are you to attend a support group?" Which strategy of motivational interviewing is the nurse using with the client?

Assessing importance

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local community group in a small rural area about hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Which of the following would the nurse suggest as a major prevention strategy?

Eliminating rodent food sources in areas near humans

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of high school athletes about temperature regulation during activity such as practice. When describing the mechanisms of heat loss, which of the following would the nurse identify as primarily responsible when environmental temperatures are very high?

Evaporation

A baby is born to a mother with active hepatitis B. Which medication does the nurse anticipate administering today?

Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG).

A client comes to the clinic reporting fever, chills, and sore throat and is diagnosed with streptococcal pharyngitis. A nurse knows that early diagnosis and effective treatment is essential to avoid which preventable disease?

Rheumatic fever

A client with abnormal uterine bleeding is diagnosed with small ovarian cysts. The nurse has to educate the client on the importance of routine checkups. Which assessment is most appropriate for this client's condition?

Schedule an ultrasound every 3 to 6 months.

A client reports she has lactose intolerance and questions the nurse about alternative sources of calcium. What options can be provided by the nurse?

Spinach

A nurse cares for a client who is post op from bariatric surgery. Once able, the nurse encourages oral intake for what primary purpose?

Stimulate GI peristalsis

A client with endocarditis is being discharged home. What statement indicates effectiveness of client teaching about preventing recurrence of the infection?

I will ask for antibiotics whenever I have dental work done."

A nurse preparing education on managing the risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) will stress which information?

Identification of high cholesterol foods Importance of exercise on managing hypertension Smoking cessation techniques Signs and symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus

After teaching nursing students about autosomal-dominant and autosomal-recessive inherited disorders, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which of the following as true about autosomal-dominant inherited conditions?

Males and females are equally affected by this pattern of inheritance.

A new program has been launched with the goal of fostering the development of life skills for community-dwelling clients with mental illness, aiming to teach them how to shop, cook, and manage money more effectively. This program demonstrates what approach to practice?

Needs-oriented approach

The client is receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Which is most likely her node status and tumor size?

Node negative, tumor size 1.2 cm

The nurse is providing a community education program about sexually transmitted infections for a group of 13- to 16-year-olds. What type of prevention is the nurse targeting?

Primary prevention

A client with diabetes is hospitalized with a TIA. When planning this client's discharge teaching the nurse knows to include which of the following?

Techniques to control blood sugar within normal ranges

A school nurse at an elementary school has been asked to conduct scoliosis screening for students. What will the nurse consider with the scoliosis screening request?

The request is appropriate and the nurse can arrange to screen these students.

A 14-year-old boy is in the clinic for his well-child exam. When the client asks his mother if she has any questions for the practitioner, she states "He sleeps so much. I am worried about how lazy he is." What does the nurse know to be true about sleep in adolescents?

Trying to balance too many activities can result in sleep deprivation.

A community health nurse is providing an educational event at the local seniors' center. The topic the nurse is speaking about is varicose veins. What would the nurse suggest as proactive preventative measure for varicose veins?

Walking for several minutes every hour to promote circulation

A school nurse has been asked to conduct a sexuality education class for fourth grade children. What is the most effective method for the nurse to use to present the material to the children?

read sexual education pamphlets with the children.

A nurse is providing teaching to a parenting class on childhood mortality prevention. Which topic would be the priority for the nurse to include?

seat belt safety

The nurse is teaching new parents the best way to prevent hypothermia. Which mechanism would the nurse include when explaining about the newborn's primary method of heat production?

nonshivering thermogenesis

A client comes to the emergency department (ED) reporting precordial chest pain. In describing the pain, the client describes it as pressure with a sudden onset. What disease process would the nurse suspect in this client?

Coronary artery disease

The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for the parents of a male newborn who is to be circumcised before discharge. Which instruction should the nurse prioritize?

Cover the glans generously with petroleum jelly.