Health Quiz 1

____________ is/are used by the body to synthesize Vitamin D, maintain the proper functioning of nerve cells, keep skin soft and supple, and transport fat to cells.

Cholesterol

The body is less than 20 percent water. True or False?

False

_________ carbohydrates do not take long to digest, and therefore, cause blood sugar levels to rise quickly.

Simple

_______ carbohydrates require a prolonged process of digestion in order to be broken down into glucose, and therefore, help maintain proper blood sugar levels.

Complex

What is the scientific definition of nutrition?

The proper supply of nutrients essential for growth, reproduction, repair, immunity, and energy.

_________ are the body's primary and immediate source of energy.

Carbohydrates

Briefly explain the role of enzymes in digestion.

Enzymes chemically alter the makeup of nutrients, changing them into a form that can be readily used by cells.

The body loses approximately 5-6 pints of water a day through sweat, urine, and exhalation. True or False?

True

the process by which the cells use nutrients to repair or build new tissues =

anabolism

What are nutrients?

Chemical substances that are absorbed by the body through the process of digestion.

The best source of water is liquids that contain caffeine. True or False?

False

What is the basic difference between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins?

Fat-soluble vitamins are stored in fat cells. Therefore, they do not need to be ingested daily. Water-soluble vitamins are stored by the body for only a short period. Unlike fat-soluble vitamins, they should be taken daily.

List six nutrients that are found in food.

In any order: a. Carbohydrates, b. proteins, c. fats, d. vitamins, e. minerals, and f. water.

Carbohydrates are found in foods that contain starches. True or False?

True

The body cannot survive more than a couple of days without water. True or False?

True

Water is the basis of good nutrition because it is essential to all forms of metabolism in the body. True or False?

True

Explain briefly why vitamins are essential to good health.

Vitamins are essential to all cellular activity. Without vitamins the body can not grow, repair damaged tissues, produce energy or protect itself from infection.

A _________ is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree Celsius.

calorie

the conversion of nutrients into energy =

catabolism

food source that contains all the essential amino acids =

complete protein

amino acids that cannot be manufactured by the body and must be derived from food sources =

essential amino acids

Excess fat, whether saturated or unsaturated, is stored as ________

fat

Vitamins A, D, E, and K are dependent upon ________ for their absorption by cells.

fats

______________ are organic acids that aid in the transportation and breakdown of cholesterol.

fatty acids

During digestion, carbohydrates are converted by enzymes into ________.

glucose

the cell's main source of energy =

glucose

food sources that do not contain all the essential amino acids =

incomplete protein

________are needed by the body in large amounts in order to maintain good health.

macro-elements

the process by which a cell converts nutrients into energy or materials =

metabolism

There are 13 _________ used by the human body to maintain health.

minerals

the nutrient that is essential to cellular construction, reproduction, and maintenance =

protein

__________ fats are found in animal products and some vegetables.

saturated

Trace elements are needed by the body in _________ amounts.

small