Health STD's

What are the three ways HIV is spread?

* During sexual intercourse * By sharing needles * From mother to baby

What increases chance of STDs? (4)

* being sexually active with more than one person * engaging in unprotected sex * engaging in sexual activity with high-risk partners * using alcohol and other drugs

What are 2 ways you can act responsible when dealing with STDs?

* practice abstinence * report any know infections

Identify. What are some benefits of early diagnosis of HIV/AIDS?

*Being able to begin proper medical care to slow the process *Avoid behaviors that could spread HIV *Gain peace of mind when the results are negative

It is difficult for antibodies to fight AIDs because A. HIV weakens antibodies. B. HIV destroys white blood cells. C. HIV is protected once it enters cells D. HIV mutates rapidly.

A. HIV weakens antibodies.

If left untreated all STDs A. can lead to serious health problems B. will eventually cure themselves C. will become asymptomatic D. lead to infection by HIV/AIDS

A. can lead to serious health problems

Treatment of an STD A. does not prevent reinfection. B. isn't always necessary. C. can be postponed D. always cures the infection

A. does not prevent reinfection.

Choose the correct term in the sentence below. Lymphocyte/AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection.

AIDS

The final stage of an HIV infection is ______.

AIDS

Patients have immune systems that are so weakened that they may die from illnesses from which they would ordinarily recover

AIDs stage

Evaluate. Why is preventing STD transmission more effective than treating STDs?

Abstinence is a 100% way of preventing STDs while some STDs don't have cures or treatments.

a disease in which the umimmune system is weakened

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

a class of chemical agents that destroy disease-causing microorganisms while leaving the patient unharmed

Antibiotics

What are the 4 stages of HIV/AIDs in order?

Asymptomatic stage, middle stage, symptomatic stage, and AIds stage

Compare and Contrast. What are the differences in the ways that STDs affect males and females?

Bacteria and viral infections can penetrate the thin lining of the vagina more easily than the penis. This puts a woman at a higher risk for STD infections. Women can be infected with common STDs like chlamydia and gonorrhea and have symptoms that disappear.FINISH

Compare and Contrast. Identify the differences and similarities between viral and bacterial STDs.

Bacterial STDs , such as gonorrhea, syphilis, and chlamydia, are often cured with antibiotics. However, viral STDs , (the four "H's") such as HIV , HPV (genital warts), herpes, and hepatitis (the only STD that can be prevented with a vaccine), have no cure, but their symptoms can be alleviated with treatment.

Which of the following is not a way that HIV attacks cells? A. The virus attaches itself to the cell's surface. B. The virus makes a copy of its genetic material. C. The virus shrinks cells D. The new virus assembles at cell surface.

C. The virus shrinks cells

About one-fourth of the people infected with HIV/AIDs A. are males. B. are females. C. don't know they are infected. D. will never develop symptoms.

C. don't know they are infected.

A person who thinks he or she is infected with HIV/AIDS should A. use a home testing kit. B. hide the condition from others C. get a medical diagnosis right away. D. hope that symptoms do not appear.

C. get a medical diagnosis right away.

STDs can be passed from person to person through A. casual contact such as shaking hands B. the air by coughing or sneezing C. sexual contact D. all of the above

C. sexual contact

________ is a bacterial infection that produces no symptoms.

Chlamydia

Which is not a high-risk behavior? A. Engaging in sexual activity with multiple partners B. Engaging in unprotected sexual activity C. Using alcohol from sexual activity D. Abstaining from sexual activity

D. Abstaining from sexual activity

Getting a diagnosis and treatment is A. acting responsibly. B. crucial for those infected with STDs. C. a healthful behavior. D. all of the above.

D. all of the above.

During the course of HIV/AIDS, the infected person A. gets stronger. B. should not hug anyone or shake hands. C. needs less and less medication D. becomes vulnerable to opportunistic illnesses.

D. becomes vulnerable to opportunistic illnesses.

People who are infected with HIV/AIDS, but don't know it, A. won't because as ill as those who know they have the virus. B. don't need to change their high-risk behaviors. C. don't need to practice abstinence. D. can unknowingly spread the virus to others.

D. can unknowingly spread the virus to others.

A test that screens for the presence of HIV antibodies in the blood

EIA

The ________ test is the first test that technicians use to screen for HIV.

EIA

Choose the correct term in the sentence below. HIV/Mucous membrane is transmitted through the bloodstream.

HIV

A vaccine that can prevent cervical cancer, pre-cancerous genital lesions/ sores, and genital warts caused by genital HPV infection

HPV vaccine

Discuss. Which STD can be prevented by a vaccine? What are its limitations? Who is eligible to receive this vaccination?

HPV; it is only used to prevent HPV and you can still get it; recommended for ages 11 and 12

Genital ___, infections are caused by human _____________ (____) and even causes genital _______.

HPV; papillomavirus (HPV); warts

What is the difference between Herpes Simplex 1 and Herpes Simplex 2?

Herpes Simplex 1 usually causes cold sores in or near the mouth. Herpes simplex 2 typically causes recurring blisters on the genitals or rectum.

A virus that attacks the immune system

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Explain. Describe how HIV infection progresses in the body?

It slowly turns into AIDS

Evaluate. What misinformation causes some people to stay away from those infected with HIV? Why is this information wrong?

People believe that it can spread through physical contact, not just sexual contact. HIV can spread from blood, vaginal fluid, or semen mixing, such as mother to baby, contaminated needles being shared, or sexual intercourse.

How are antibiotics used to treat STDS?

Some bacterial infections, such as chlamydia or gonorrhea, that can be treated and cured with antibiotics.

Esplain. The number of HIV/AIDS infections is much higher in developing countries. Why might this number be higher in some countries?

They don't have all the proper health care that we have.

If the initial test produces positive results twice, a(n) _________ test is run.

Western Blot

Correct the sentence below by replacing the BOLD term with the correct vocabulary term A REFUSAL SKILL is the deliberate decision to avoid sexual activity.

abstinence

Correct the sentence below by replacing the BOLD term with the correct vocabulary term: Many STDs can be treated and some cured with medications called HPV VACCINES.

antibiotics

People infected with STDs often do not realize they have an infection because many STDS can be __________.

asymptomatic

individuals show no symptoms or the symptoms are mild and disappear after the onset of the infection

asymptomatic

The virus invades and takes over helper T cells

asymptomatic stage

What is HIV transmitted by?

blood, semen, and vaginal secretions

Any who uses needles contaminated with HIV allows the virus to enter directly into his or her ______________.

bloodstream

Some HPV infections can cause _____ ____. A ______ treatment is now available for _______ against HPV.

cervical cancer; vaccine; protection

Some STDs are bacterial infections, such as _________ or ________, that can be treated and cured with ________.

chlamydia; gonorrhea; antibiotics

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are ____________ diseases that can be easily ___________ from one person to another.

communicable; transmitted

Identify. Name three ways HIV is transmitted.

contaminated needles, mother to baby, or sexual contact

AIDs is known as one of the _________ diseases.

deadliest

Health experts say that the United States currently faces an STD __________.

epidemic

How do you treat HIV/AIDS?

first of all don't have sex at a young age! There is no way of actually curing HIV/AIDS

The HPV vaccine protects against _____ types of HPV infection.

four

HIV attacks the body's _________ __________ by destroying _________.

immune system; lymphocytes

Genital herpes is an _________ STD caused by the herpes _______ virus

incurable; simplex

Describe. Give one reason why STDs go undiagnosed and untreated

many STDs can be asymptomatic

Patients experience fever, headache, sore throat, rash, diarrhea, and enlarged lymph nodes

middle stage

Choose the correct term in the sentence below. Health care officials consider AIDs to be a(n) antibody/pandemic.

pandemic

If left untreated, chlamydia can cause ______ ____________ ______ (___) in females and _______ in males.

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID); infertility

How do you prevent HIV/AIDS?

practice abstinence, don't share needles, avoid drugs and alchohol, or use refusal skills.

The ________ allows samples to be tested on site rather than sending them to labs.

rapid test

Several of the most common STDs are often asymptomatic, so many people don't ________ ___________ because they don't _________ they are __________.

seek treatment; realize; infected

infections spread from person to person through sexual contact

sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)

What are lymphocytes?

specialized white blood cells that perform many immune functions, such as fighting pathogens

If an expectant mother knows she's infected, there are _______ she and her health care providers can take to _________ her child from _________ HIV.

steps; prevent; contracting

Patients experiences flulike symptoms, such as headache, fever, body aches, swollen glands, diminished appetite, weight loss, and skin rashes

symptomatic stage

What happens as lymphocytes are destroyed?

the immune system becomes weaker and weaker

A pregnant female infected with HIV can pass the virus to her baby through what three ways?

the umbilical cord, during child birth, or through breastfeeding

Once the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enters the body, it finds and destroys the ________ _________ ______ that fight diseases.

white blood cells