Henderson Final 2310 PoliSci

Committee Reports no action report

(Favorable or Unfavorable or no action) After considering a bill, a (1) committee may choose to take____________ or (2) may issue a ___________ on the bill to the house or senate. The committee report, expressing the committee's recommendations regarding house or senate action on a bill, includes a record of the committee's vote on the report, the text of the bill as reported by the committee, a detailed bill analysis, a fiscal note or other impact statement, and other attachments as necessary.

The Supplemental House Calendar

(prepared by the Committee on Calendars), which must be distributed two hours before the house convenes and which may contain: (a) measures passed to third reading on the previous day; (b) measures on the Daily House Calendar for a previous day that were not reached for consideration; (c) measures on the Daily House Calendar for the current day; (d) postponed business from a previous day; and (e) notice to call from the table a measure laid on the table subject to call on a previous day;

VOLUNTEER LOBBYISTS

: PERSONS WHO AGREE TO ENGAGE IN LOBBYING ACTIVITIES AT THE REQUEST OF A PARTICULAR INTEREST GROUP, OR WHO DO SO ON THEIR OWN VOLITION, ON BEHALF OF THAT PARTICULAR INTEREST GROUP. ALSO, PERSONS WHO, MERELY AS CITIZENS WITH PARTICULAR CONCERNS ABOUT PUBLIC POLICIES, VOLUNTEER TO ENGAGE IN LOBBYING. (THE SURROGATE AND VOLUNTEER LOBBYISTS ENGAGE IN LOBBYING ACTIVITIES FOR A L

THE CORPORATE REPRESENTATIVE:

A CORPORATE EMPLOYEE HIRED SPECIFICALLY TO ENGAGE IN LOBBYING ACTIVITIES.

THE GOVERNMENT OFFICE/AGENCY REPRESENTATIVE: A

A GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE APPOINTED WITH SPECIFIC DUTIES OF LOBBYING FOR THE GOALS OF THE PARTICULAR OFFICE OR AGENCY OF GOVERNMENT OF WHICH HE OR SHE IS FORMALLY PART. (INTER-GOVERNMENTAL LOBBYING)

amicus curiae

A Latin term meaning "friend of the court." Refers to interested groups or individuals, not directly involved in a suit, who may file legal briefs or oral arguments in support of one side.

THE SURROGATE LOBBYIST

A PERSON WHO IS SIMULTANEOUSLY A KEY CONSTITUENT AND AN INTEREST GROUP MEMBER WHO IS PERSUADED BY THE INTEREST GROUP'S REGULAR LOBBYIST(S) TO ENGAGE IN LOBBYING ACTIVITIES IN RESPECT TO A PARTICULAR LEGISLATOR OR OTHER GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL, USUALLY ON A LIMITED BASIS.

COMPANION BILL

A bill filed in one chamber that is identical or very similar to a bill filed in the opposite chamber. Companion bills are used to expedite passage as they provide a means for committee consideration of a measure to occur in both houses simultaneously. A companion bill that has passed one house can then be substituted for the companion bill in the second house.

subcommittee committee chair full committee

A bill requiring extensive analysis is often assigned to a __________________ of the standing committee to which the bill has been referred. Subcommittees are appointed by the ___________________ from the standing committee's membership. After careful scrutiny of the bill under consideration, the subcommittee makes a report to the __________________.

CONCURRENCE

A committee composed of five members from each house appointed by the respective presiding officers to resolve the differences between the house and senate versions of a measure when the originating chamber refuses to concur in the changes made by the opposite chamber. Upon reaching an agreement, the conferees issue a report that is then considered for approval by both houses.

COMMITTEE SUBSTITUTE

A complete, new bill or resolution recommended by a committee in lieu of the original measure. A committee will report a committee substitute rather than a large number of individual amendments when the committee wishes to make a substantial number of changes to the original measure. The committee substitute must contain the same subject matter as the original measure.

BILL ANALYSIS

A document prepared for all bills reported out of committee that explains in nonlegal language what a bill will do. A bill analysis may include background information on the measure, a statement of purpose, and a section-by-section analysis.

Texas Legislative Council

A legislator wishing to pass a bill may draft the legislation personally or obtain the professional staff services of the engrossing and enrolling department of the senate or the _________________, a legislative agency that provides bill drafting services, research assistance, computer support, and other services for legislators.

iron triangles

A mutually dependent relationship between bureaucratic agencies, interest groups, and congressional committees or subcommittees. They dominate some areas of domestic policymaking.

lobbying

A strategy by which organized interests seek to influence the passage of legislation by exerting direct pressure on members of the legislature.

hyperpluralism

A theory of American democracy contending that groups are so strong that government, which gives in to the many different groups, is thereby weakened.

BILL

A type of legislative measure that requires passage by both chambers of the legislature and action by the governor. A bill is the primary means used to create and change the laws of the state. The Legislative Information System also uses the term "bill" generically to refer to the various types of legislative measures that may be introduced during a legislative session. Bill types include: senate and house bills, senate and house joint resolutions, senate and house concurrent resolutions, and senate and house resolutions.

PAID LOBBYIST:

AS PART OF THE INTEREST GROUP'S HIRED STAFF; A PERSON HIRED BY AN INTEREST GROUP FOR THE SPECIFIC PURPOSE OF ENGAGING IN LOBBYING ACTIVITIES ON BEHALF OF THE GOALS OF THE EMPLOYING INTEREST GROUP ONLY.

electioneering

Activity that seeks to influence the outcome of an election. Independent electioneering (SuperPacs & 527s) is protected free speech and so cannot be limited by government.

third time majority vote engrossed opposite chamber

After a bill has been read a _______________, it is voted on for final passage. If the bill receives a simple_____________________ it is considered passed, and the chief clerk of the house or the secretary of the senate, as appropriate, certifies the bill's final passage, noting on it the date of its passage and the vote by which it passed. When the bill is passed in the originating chamber, the bill is __________________, and an exact and accurate copy of the bill, with all corrections and amendments incorporated into it, is prepared and sent to the _________________ for consideration. When the bill is passed in the opposite chamber, a new copy of the bill is not prepared. Rather, the bill is immediately returned to the originating chamber with any amendments simply attached to the bill.

three readings originating chamber enrolled governor enrolled concur conference committee

After a bill has passed through ____________ in the opposite chamber, the bill is sent back to the ____________________ and, if there have been no amendments, the bill is ______________. The enrolled bill is then signed by both presiding officers in the presence of their respective chambers and sent to the ____________________. When a bill that has been amended by the opposite chamber is returned to the originating chamber, the originating chamber must concur with all of the amendments made by the opposite chamber before the bill can be_________________. If the originating chamber does not ____________________ with any or all of the opposite chamber's amendments, it may request the appointment of a ________________ to resolve the differences between the house and senate versions of the bill.

House calendars.

After a bill or resolution has been reported favorably by a standing committee and the committee report has been printed, the chief clerk forwards the measure to the appropriate calendars committee for placement on a calendar.

The Committee Process public hearing formal meeting work session

All committee business is required to be conducted in open meetings. No official action or vote may be taken except in a meeting that is open to the public. The house rules permit a house committee or subcommittee to meet: (1) in a_______________ where testimony is heard and where official action may be taken on bills, resolutions, or other matters; (2) in a ________________ where the members may discuss and take official action without hearing public testimony; or (3) in a________________ for discussion of matters before the committee without taking formal action. The senate rules do not provide for different types of meetings. Therefore, testimony may be heard and official action may be taken at any meeting of a senate committee or subcommittee

The Committee Process public testimony public hearing

Although a committee is not required to solicit __________________ on any bill referred to it, public testimony is almost always solicited on bills of outstanding importance, allowing citizens the opportunity to present arguments on different sides of an issue. In the senate, a _________________ must be held on a bill before it can be reported from committee.

three separate days four-fifths vote of the house senate The house

Although the Texas Constitution requires a bill to be read on___________________ in each house before it can have the force of law, this constitutional rule may be suspended by a__________________________ in which the bill is pending. In such cases, the bill is given an immediate third reading following the vote to pass the bill to engrossment or third reading. The ________________ routinely suspends this constitutional provision in order to give a bill an immediate third reading. ___________________, however, rarely suspends this provision, and third reading consideration of a bill in the house normally occurs on the day following second reading consideration.

APPROPRIATION

An authorization by the legislature for the expenditure of money for a public purpose. In most instances, money cannot be withdrawn from the state treasury except through a specific appropriation.

labor unions

An organization formed by workers to strive for better wages and working conditions

AMENDMENT

Any proposed alteration to a bill or resolution as it moves through the legislative process. Amendments to a measure may be proposed by members in their assigned committees or by any member of a chamber during that chamber's second reading or third reading consideration of the measure.

pluralist theory of group formation

Anyone is free to organize or join an organization. It is the competition, debate, bargaining, and compromise among competing interests that helps formulate public policy in America.

Speaker sign all bills and joint resolutions passed

As presiding officer, the________ maintains order during floor debate, recognizes legislators who wish to speak, and rules on procedural matters. The constitution also requires the ___________ to sign ___________________ by the legislature. As a member of the House of Representatives, the speaker may vote on all questions before the house.

general appropriations bills single

Bills may also be prepared by attorneys retained for that purpose by organizations or individuals with a particular interest in certain legislation. All bills except for __________________ are limited to a ___________ subject. Note: In Austin there are corporate representatives, paid lobbyists and hired-gun lobbyists (See Typology of those Who Lobby handout from TRACS Resources) mostly from high-powered law firms

165,000-170,000 people 181 men and women

District boundaries were redrawn as required by law after the 2010 census, and each state senator now represents a senatorial district of more than 800,000 residents, while the average house district is composed of about _____________________. The rich diversity of Texas is mirrored in the composition of the two chambers as ___________________ from all walks of life unite to represent the over 25 million people of the Lone Star State.

professional groups

Doctors, Lawyers, Journalists, teachers

legislative matters speaker in the house

However, as the presiding officer of the upper house of the legislature, the lieutenant governor wields substantial power over________________. This is unlike the situation in the U.S. Senate, where the vice president of the United States serves ceremonially as the president of the senate. The lieutenant governor's power over legislative matters is derived from the senate rules of procedure adopted by the members of the senate at the beginning of each regular session of the legislature. The senate has given the lieutenant governor powers similar to those given to the____________________ rules of procedure.

conference committee conference committee's not in disagreement

If a ___________________ is called for, the two presiding officers appoint five members each from their respective chambers to serve on the committee. The senate rules require that at least two of the senate conferees be members of the senate committee from which the bill was reported. A _____________________ charge is limited to reconciling differences between the two houses, and the committee, unless so directed, may not alter, amend, or omit text that is _______________________. Nor may the committee add text on any matter that is not in disagreement or that is not included in either version of the bill in question. After the committee has met and reached an agreement, a report is submitted to both houses for approval or disapproval. The report must be approved by at least three conferees from each house and must contain the text of the bill as approved by the conference committee, an analysis comparing the text of the compromise bill to both the house and the senate versions, and the signatures of those members of the conference committee who approved the report. A conference committee report is not subject to amendment but must be accepted or rejected in its entirety.

Legislative Budget Board

Immediately after a bill has been referred to committee, a determination must be made as to whether a fiscal note or other impact statement is required and, if so, a copy of the bill is sent to the________________________ for preparation of the note or statement. In preparing the note or statement, the Legislative Budget Board may consult the state agencies affected by the legislation.

chief clerk calendars committee calendar Calendars committees

In the House, all committee reports are referred to the ______________, who forwards them to the printer. After being printed, a copy of the house committee report printing (which includes bill text, the committee's recommendation and vote on the bill, the bill analysis, the fiscal note, and other necessary impact statements and attachments) is placed in the post office box of each member of the house. The chief clerk then delivers a certified copy of the committee report to the appropriate _________________ (the Committee on Calendars or the Committee on Local and Consent Calendars) for placement of the bill on a _______________ for consideration by the full house. _______________ are given wide discretion in scheduling bills for floor action.

Senate ieutenant governor three or four 10 standing committees

In the ________________, the membership of committees is determined entirely by appointment by the ___________________ Senators typically sit on ________________ committees each. The senate typically has approximately _________________________.

House of Representatives seniority one committee 30 standing committees

In the ______________________, the membership of committees is determined in part by ________________ and in part by appointments by the speaker. Each representative sits on at least__________________, and most representatives sit on two or three committees. The house typically has approximately _________________________.

THE HIRED-GUN LOBBYIST

LOBBYISTS, OFTEN AFFILIATED WITH PRESTIGIOUS WASHINGTON, D.C. OR STATE CAPITOL LAW FIRMS, WHO ARE RETAINED BY A PARTICULAR CORPORATION, INTEREST GROUP, COALITION OF INTEREST GROUPS, ETC., FOR THE SPECIFIC PURPOSE OF MAXIMIZING THE CHANCES FOR SUCCESSFULLY ACHIEVING A SPECIFIC GOAL OR LIMITED NUMBER OF GOALS OF THE RELEVANT ORGANIZATION.

Consideration 1 house bills 2 senate bills 3 conference committee

List of Items Eligible for ___________________ This list is prepared by the ________________ of the house, upon request of the speaker, when the volume of legislation warrants. The list must be distributed six hours before it may be considered and contains: (1) _______________ with senate amendments eligible to be considered; (2) ________________ for which the senate has requested the appointment of a conference committee; and (3) _________________ reports eligible to be considered.

the outside game

Mobilizing public opinion and important contributors outside of the beltway (Washington DC) to influence policy making. To mobilize voters, public opinion, and contributors all outside of Washington DC.

selective benefit theory of group formation

Most common approach to entice people to join an organization-material benefits are only available to members

BIENNIAL

Occurring every two years; a term applied to the scheduled regular session of the legislature.

Intent calendar regular order of business second reading secretary of the senate two-thirds of the members present

Senate rules require that bills and resolutions be listed on the_____________________ and be considered on ______________________ in the order in which committee reports on the measures are submitted to the senate. Traditionally, the senate adopts a further rule specifying that before a bill or joint resolution may be brought up for floor debate out of its regular order (blocking bill), Notice of Intent must be filed with the secretary of the senate by 3 p.m. on the last preceding calendar day the senate was in session. Senate rules direct the ___________________________ to prepare a list of all legislation for which notice has been given. The list must be made available to each member of the senate and to the press not later than 6:30 p.m. on the day the notice is filed. A vote of________________________________ is additionally required before any of the measures listed on the Intent Calendar may be debated. The senate rules do not require measures to be brought up for consideration in the order listed on the Intent Calendar, and the senate routinely considers only a portion of those measures listed on the Intent Calendar for a given day. A senator must give notice from day to day in order for a measure that was not brought up for consideration to remain on the Intent Calendar.

31-member 150-member four-year and two-year terms

Texas employs a bicameral system for its legislative branch of state government. The Texas Legislature consists of two separate chambers, a ____________ Senate and a ________________ House of Representatives. State senators and representatives are elected from single-member districts to serve ___________________, respectively.

six constitutions

Texas has had _________________ beginning with the Constitution of the Republic in 1836.

The Constitution of the Confederacy (1861) The Constitution of 1861

Texas was torn between secession and remaining in the Union. Sam Houston, the patriarch of Texas politics for so many years tearfully argued against annexation. _____________________ simply solidified the institution of slavery and allegiance to the Confederate States of America.

Article III. Section 49

The Framers of the 1876 Constitution were determined to limit the potential for abuse of power in the legislature. In his section of the constitution, the legislature is constitutionally mandated to spend no more than current and expected revenue except to "repel invasion, suppress insurrection, or defend the State in war". In other words, Article III. Section 49 makes Texas a "pay as you go state". In more contemporary political terms, makes Texas a balanced budget state.

Referral to a Standing Committee first has been referred to a committee issued its report standing committees

The Texas Constitution provides that no bill may be considered on the floor of a chamber by its members unless the bill ______________________________ and the committee has __________________________ on the bill. When a bill is introduced or received from the opposite chamber for consideration, it is read for the first time by its caption and referred by the speaker or lieutenant governor to an appropriate committee. Known as _____________________, these bodies are created in the rules of the respective houses at the beginning of each regular session and typically consist of seven to 15 members.

lieutenant governor executive branch of government

The Texas Constitution provides that the_______________ shall serve as president of the senate, the presiding officer of that body. The ________________ is elected statewide by the voters of Texas and is the second-highest ranking officer of the __________________________ (the governor is the chief executive officer of the state).

Article III. Section 49A Comptroller of Public Accounts

The Texas Constitution requires a two-year budget period referred to as a budget biennium. The current budget period began September 1st, 2015 and ends August 31st, 2017. This current budget was completed during the regular legislative session in 2015. --Texas has a plural executive. One of the several statewide elected official positions is the ____________________________. This section of Article III of the Texas Constitution states the legislature may spend no more money than is confirmed by the Comptroller. Think about it, the Comptroller, on the first day of each legislative session, tells the members of the legislature how much money Texas has on hand, and how much he/she expects to have on hand through the next budget biennium. Tough job. This places the formulation of the Texas budget in the hands of the legislature, who prepares the state's budget, an independently elected executive branch official, the Comptroller of Public Accounts and, in the end, the governor, who has the veto power. This is and example here of decentralization of government and a strong attempt at limiting abuse of power in state spending

Senate agenda. Senate intent returned status calendar gubernatorial committee hearings bills and resolutions senate floor

The Texas ____________ agenda includes the following information: (1) notice of ____________, giving the number, author or sponsor, and short caption for each measure that may be considered during the day's session; (2) list of senate bills ___________ from the house with amendments; (3) ____________ of bills in conference committees, giving a short caption and brief history of the action on the bills; (4) local and uncontested bills __________; (5) ______________ appointments to boards and commissions that have been reported favorably from senate standing committees and are awaiting confirmation by the senate; (6) _________________ scheduled, including short captions for all measures scheduled to be considered by the committees; (7) regular order of business, listing all _______________ that have been reported favorably from committees in the order in which they were reported to the senate; and (8) ______________ action, giving the numbers and short captions for and action taken on all measures brought up for consideration during the previous legislative day. Copies of the senate agenda are available the morning of each legislative day.

Legislature

The _____________ of the State of Texas is the state's lawmaking body.

local and noncontroversial bills

The calendar used for consideration of________________________ ________________ in the senate is the Local and Uncontested Calendar, which is set by the Committee on Administration.

the inside game

The efforts involved in the halls of policy making (congress, executive branch, etc). Influencing policy within the halls of congress and white house.

Floor Action second reading second time engrossment two-thirds majority

The first real floor consideration of a bill occurs on its _____________________. After it is read the _________________________, again by caption only, the measure is subject to debate and amendment by the entire membership of the chamber. On second reading, a bill may be amended by a simple majority. If no amendment is made, or if those proposed are disposed of, the final action on second reading of a bill is a vote on its passage to_______________________, if the bill is being considered in the chamber in which it was introduced, or passage to third reading, if the bill is being considered in the opposite chamber. The bill is then laid before the body for a third reading and final passage. A bill may be amended again on third reading, but amendments at this stage require a _____________________ for adoption.

QUORUM

The number of members required to conduct business. Two-thirds of the elected members constitute a quorum in each house. A majority of the appointed members of a committee forms a quorum for the purpose of conducting committee business.

House Rules of Procedure committee

The other duties and responsibilities of the speaker are determined by the members of the house in the ___________________, which are adopted by a majority vote of the members at the beginning of each regular session of the legislature. The members give the speaker the authority to appoint the membership of each standing ______________, subject to rules on seniority, and to designate the chair and vice chair for each committee. Under the rules, the speaker is responsible for referring all proposed legislation to committee, subject to the committee jurisdictions set forth in the rules. The rules also allow the speaker to appoint conference committees, create select committees, and direct committees to conduct interim studies when the legislature is not in session.

bill of rights secession Slavery annually

The preface of the___________________ of the new document reflected the sentiments of its makers in its condemnation of nullification and_______________.______________ was forbidden, and the equality of all persons before the law was recognized Legislative sessions were held___________________.

READING

The presentation of a bill before either house by the recital of the "caption" of the bill. The Texas Constitution requires that every bill be read in each house on three separate days. Until a bill is finally passed, it will be in the process of a first, second, or third reading. The first reading of a bill is the point in the process when the bill is referred to committee by the appropriate presiding officer. The second reading of a bill is the first point in the process when the entire membership of a chamber has the opportunity to debate the bill and amend it by majority vote. The third reading of a bill is the next point in the process when the entire membership of a chamber may debate a bill and the final opportunity the members of a chamber have to offer amendments to the bill.

APPORTIONMENT

The proportionate distribution of elected representatives, either among the states in the case of U.S. Congress or within the state in the case of the state legislature. The division of the state into congressional and state senate and house districts of equal population for purposes of representation.

The Constitution of the Republic 1836

The revolution for independence was brief, bloody and the names of many Texas heroes remain in the lexicon of Texas history and folklore today. But in March 1836, in a short fifteen day period, delegates created a new constitution for what would become The Republic of Texas.

The Role of Committees committee system rules of the respective chambers committee stage

The size of the legislature and the volume of work confronting it each session make thoughtful deliberation on the many proposed measures by the entire membership impossible. For this reason, the basic business in both houses is conducted according to the __________________ whereby permanent, general, and special bodies, determined and formed by the ____________________________, are appointed to consider bills introduced in the legislature and to advise on their disposition. The _______________ in the deliberative process is at the core of legislative politics since the fate of bills under consideration hinges on committee action. A large percentage of all legislation is never reported out of committee. Thus, committee action is the first crucial step in the process by which a bill becomes law.

ENROLLED

The stage in a bill's legislative progress when it has been passed by both chambers of the legislature in identical form and is prepared for signature by the presiding officers of both houses. If the bill is not passed in identical form by both houses, any changes made by the opposite chamber must be accepted by the originating chamber or a conference committee report must be adopted by both chambers before the bill may be

ENGROSSED

The stage in a bill's legislative progress when it has been passed by the chamber in which it was filed and all amendments to the bill have been incorporated into the text of the bill, which is then forwarded to the second house for consideration.

CONFERENCE COMMITTEE REPORT

The text of a bill and its required attachments that is issued when a conference committee has completed its work in resolving the differences between the house and senate versions of a measure.

COMMITTEE REPORT

The text of a bill or resolution and its required attachments that is prepared when the measure is reported from a committee for further consideration by the members of the chamber. The committee report includes the recommendations of the committee regarding action on the measure by the full house or senate and is generally necessary before a measure can proceed through the legislative process.

capture theory

The theory that the regulation serves the self-interest of the producer and results in maximum profit, under-production, and deadweight loss.

The 1st Reconstruction Constitution (1866)

This constitution was barely put into effect before it was ordered to be rewritten. Elaborate plans were made for a system of internal improvements and for a system of public education to be directed by a superintendent of public instruction. Separate schools were ordered organized for black children. Lands were set aside for the support of public schools, for the establishment and endowment of a university, and for the support of eleemosynary institutions.

2 major state calendar 6 resolutions calendar house bills and resolutions senate bill

Those categories, listed in order of priority, are the: (1) emergency calendar; (2) _______________; (3) constitutional amendments calendar; (4) general state calendar; (5) local, consent, and resolution calendar; (6)________________; and (7) congratulatory and memorial resolutions calendar. Within each category, senate bills and resolutions are required to be listed on the calendars separately from_____________________, and consideration of senate bills and resolutions on __________________ days (Wednesdays and Thursdays) has priority in the order specified by house rule.

Senate senator 60 calendar days

To introduce a bill in the____________, a __________ must first submit the required number of copies of the bill to the secretary of the senate, who sequentially numbers each document according to the order in which it is received. The senate rules of procedure also permit unrestricted introduction of bills during the first _______________ of each regular session. After the 60-day deadline in the senate, the introduction of any bill other than a local bill or a bill relating to a matter declared by the governor to be an emergency requires the consent of at least four-fifths of the membership of the senate.

House of Representatives four-fifths

To introduce a bill in the______________, a state representative must first submit the required number of copies of the bill for filing to the chief clerk of the house, who sequentially numbers each document according to the order in which it is received. The house rules of procedure permit unrestricted introduction of bills during the first 60 calendar days of each regular session. After the 60-day deadline, the introduction of any bill other than a local bill or a bill relating to a matter declared by the governor to be an emergency requires the consent of at least _________________ of those members present and voting.

senate committee recognize members

Under the senate rules, the lieutenant governor has the power to appoint __________________ and committee chairs and refer legislation to committees, in addition to the power to maintain order during floor debate, rule on procedural matters, and recognize senators who wish to speak. In the senate, the power to _______________ who wish to speak takes on added importance, as it is this power of recognition that determines the order in which bills will be considered on the senate floor. A notable difference between the powers of the two presiding officers is that the lieutenant governor, who is not a member of the senate, is permitted to vote on a question before the senate only in the case of a tie vote or when the senate is convened as a committee of the whole, whereas the speaker, as a member of the house of representatives, may vote on all questions before the house.

governor two-thirds majority without a signature

Upon receiving a bill, the _________________ has 10 days in which to sign the bill, veto it, or allow it to become law without a signature. If the governor elects to veto the bill and the legislature is still in session, the bill is returned to the house in which it originated with an explanation of the governor's objections. A ___________________ in each house is required to override the veto. If the governor neither vetoes nor signs the bill within the allotted time, the bill becomes law. If a bill is sent to the governor within 10 days of final adjournment, the governor has until 20 days after final adjournment to sign the bill, veto it, or allow it to become law _____________________.

The Constitution of 1876 (Our current constitution) Decentralization

Whereas centralization of government was the key word reflecting the 2nd Constitution of the Reconstruction era, ___________________ of government is the key word

Powers and Duties of the Speaker of the House Speaker5

_______________ is the presiding officer of the House of Representatives. The Texas Constitution requires the House of Representatives, each time a new legislature convenes, to choose one of its own members to serve as _______________

PLURAL EXECUTIVE. executive officer

a group of officers or major officials (as a board of directors) or a committee that functions in making current decisions or in giving routine orders usually the responsibility of an individual _______________ or official.

governor of texas

acts as chief executive of the state, is elected by the voters every four years, no term limits makes policy recommendations to state lawmakers appoints the secretary of the state and members of the state bureaucracy

2nd Reconstruction Constitution (1869) Radical Republicans centralization.

also referred to as: The Constitution of the_________________ (1869) Significant lecture emphasis on Governor E.J. Davis, corruption and centralization of government as prominent features of this constitution. The so-called "Radical Republicans of the United States House and Senate, many of which were newly elected and selected (Senate) in 1866 thought that the Lincoln Administration had not been harsh enough on the Southern states, and sought to bring about a more centralized approach towards the South. The key word here and the word that makes this particular constitution an anomaly among Texas's six constitutions is ____________________

public interest groups

an organization that seeks a collective good that will not selectively and materially benefit group members

land commissioner

appointed by the governor,with texas state confirmation, to a four year term serves as state record keeper maintains a list of lobbyist and campaign contributions issues corporate charters certifies notaries public and keeps the official state seal administers elections including conducting bother registration and certifying election results chief administer for the texas board and mexican affairs division chief international protocol officer who receives international delegations

interest group liberalism

describes the tendency of officials to support the policy demands of the interest group or groups that have a special steak in a policy, it is liberal in the sense that Republican and Democratic lawmakers alike are in the habit of using government to promote group interests, a result is weakening of majority rule, Another flaw in pluralism, is that it claims that the group system is representative, Group politics works chiefly to the advantage of moneyed interest

lieutenant governor

elected by voters statewide every four years, no term limits acts as presiding officer of the texas senate acts as governor temporarily when the governor is out of the state co chairs the legislative budget board and appoints the senatorial members of that board

agriculture commissioner

elected by voters statewide every four years, no term limits heads the texas department of agriculture and implements all agriculture law inspects the accuracy of market scales and gas pumps, regulates the use of pesticides and regulates the quality of agriculture products

attorney general

elected by voters statewide every four years, no term limits serves as legal representation for the state in court ensues that corporations in texas comply with state and federal laws collects unpaid chld support and delinquent state taxes issues advisory opinions to the governor's office, the legislature, or other state agencies

comptroller of public accounts

elected for four year terms as the state's accountant, auditor and tax collector collects a variety of state taxes and fees manages and invests state funds estimates the amount of revenue the state will generate each year

two years 140 days'

in accordance with the Texas Constitution, the legislature meets in a regular legislative session in Austin every ______________. By statute, the legislature convenes in a regular session on the second Tuesday in January of every odd-numbered year. These biennial sessions are limited to _________________ duration.

theodore lowi

interest group liberalism

producer groups

rep. interests that produce goods or services (manufacturing, agriculture) - economic IG

disturbance theory of group formation

some introduce groups for primarily in opposition of other interest groups in hopes to counteract their influence on big political ppl

litigation

the process of taking legal action

"Dedicated funds"

there are a significant amount of state revenues, from various sources, that are constitutionally earmarked for certain spending categories. The easiest example is the monies from the state's 20 cents per gallon gasoline tax are mostly earmarked for roads and bridges. Makes sense, heh? Well close to two-thirds of the Texas budget is made up of dedicated revenues and expenditures.

propagandizing

trying to influence public opinion for or against a public policy

The Daily House Calendar

which contains a list of new bills and resolutions scheduled by the Committee on Calendars for consideration by the house and which must be distributed to the members 36 hours before the house may consider those measures (24 hours during special sessions);

The Congratulatory and Memorial Calendar

which must be distributed 24 hours before those measures may be considered and which contains a list of congratulatory and memorial resolutions and motions scheduled by the Committee on Rules and Resolutions for consideration by the house.

The Local, Consent, and Resolutions Calendar

which must be distributed to the members 48 hours before the listed measures may be considered and which contains a list of local or non-controversial bills scheduled by the Committee on Local and Consent Calendars for consideration by the house;

The Statehood Constitution of 1845 Women's property

which provided for the government of Texas as a state in the United States, was almost twice as long as the Constitution of the Republic of Texas. Texas was a pioneer state in providing for homestead protection and for recognition of community property. Protected _____________ ____________ rights