HESI A2 - Reading Comprehension copy
Context Clue
The information provided by the author in the words or sentences surrounding the unknown word or words.
HESI Hint: Identifying Writers Purpose/Tone
When identifying the writer's purpose and/or tone, look closely at the writers choice of words. The words are the clues.
Antonym Context Clue
When the author gives a word that means the opposite of the unknown word.
"Example Context Clue"
When the author gives examples that clearly help the reader understand the meaning of the unknown word.
Jazz has been called "the art of expression set to music", and "America's great contribution to music". It has functioned as popular art and enjoyed periods of fairly widespread public response, in the "jazz age" of the 1920s, in the "swing era" of the late 1930s and in the peak popularity of modern jazz in the late 1950s. The standard legend about Jazz is that it originated around the end of the 19th century in New Orleans and moved up the Mississippi River to Memphis, St. Louis, and finally to Chicago. It welded together the elements of Ragtime, marching band music, and the Blues. However, the influences of what led to those early sounds goes back to tribal African drum beats and European musical structures. Buddy Bolden, a New Orleans barber and cornet player, is generally considered to have been the first real Jazz musician, around 1891. What made Jazz significantly different from the other earlier forms of music was the use of improvisation. Jazz displayed a break from traditional music where a composer wrote an entire piece of music on paper, leaving the musicians to break their backs playing exactly what was written on the score. In a Jazz piece, however, the song is simply a starting point, or sort of skeletal guide for the Jazz musicians to improvise around. Actually, many of the early Jazz musicians were bad sight readers and some couldn't even read music at all. Generally speaking, these early musicians couldn't make very much money and were stuck working menial jobs to make a living. The second wave of New Orleans Jazz musicians included such memorable players as Joe Oliver, Kid Ory, and Jelly Roll Morton. These men formed small bands and took the music of earlier musicians, improved its complexity, and gained greater success. This music is known as "hot Jazz" due to the enormously fast speeds and rhythmic drive. A young cornet player by the name of Louis Armstrong was discovered by Joe Oliver in New Orleans. He soon grew up to become one of the greatest and most successful musicians of all time, and later one of the biggest stars in the world. The impact of Armstrong and other talented early Jazz musicians changed the way we look at music.
1. The Passage answers which of the following questions? (a) Why did Ragtime, marching band music, and the Blues lose popularity after about 1900? (b) What were the origins of Jazz and how did it differ from other forms of music? CORRECT (c) What has been the greatest contribution of cornet players to music in the twentieth century? (d) Which early Jazz musicians most influenced the development of Blues music? 2. According to the passage, Jazz originated in (a) Chicago (b) St. Louis (c) along the Mississippi river (d) New Orleans CORRECT 3. The word "welded" in line 6 is closest in meaning to (a) squeezed (b) bound CORRECT (c) added (d) stirred 4. Which of the following distinguished Jazz as a new form of musical expression? (a) the use of cornets (b) "hot Jazz" (c) improvisation CORRECT (d) New Orleans 5. The word "skeletal" in line 15 is closest in meaning to (a) framework CORRECT (b) musical (c) basic (d) essential 6. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? (a) many early Jazz musicians had poor sight (b) there is no slow music in Jazz (c) many early Jazz musicians had little formal musical training CORRECT (d) the cornet is the most common musical instrument used in Jazz 7. The word "menial" in line 18 is closest in meaning to (a) mens (b) attractive (c) degrading CORRECT (d) skilled 8. According to the passage, which of the following belonged to the second wave of New Orleans Jazz musicians? (a) Louis Armstrong (b) Buddy Bolden (c) St. Louis (d) Joe Oliver CORRECT 9. All of the following are true EXCEPT (a) the late 1930s was called the "swing era" (b) "hot Jazz" is rhythmic (c) Jazz has been said to be America's greatest contribution to music (d) Joe Oliver is generally considered to be the first real Jazz musician CORRECT 10. The word "its" in line 21 refers to (a) small bands (b) earlier music CORRECT (c) men (d) earlier musicians 11. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage? (a) "improvisation" (line 12) CORRECT (b) "traditional" (line 12) (c) "composer" (line 12) (d) "score" (line 14)
Eating Consumption of food is a universal necessity. Different cultures have developed different methods to accomplish the task. It is interesting to discover these differences and learn new ways to do things. European cultures developed cutlery (knives, forks, and spoons) to enable people to efficiently eat their food. Correct use of this tools changes with the times-what was polite in 1800 may not be considered proper manners today. China developed the chopstick as an efficient tool for eating. Mastery of the use of chopsticks can be difficult for the person not raised in the culture. The attempts of a novice to use chopsticks can be very amusing to the watcher, but frustrating for the hungry diner. Space travel has created new challenges for consuming food. Squeeze bottles and other unique packaging have enabled space travelers to get their needed nutrition. Chopsticks and forks do not work well in space.
1.what is the best definition of efficient as used in the third paragraph? productive with out waster. 2.What conclusion can be drawn about the article? A. The author think chopstick are funny B. The best way to eat food is with cutlery C. The author explain differences in eating processes. (CORRECT) D. Space flight is fun and exciting. What statement can be implied from the content of article. A. Eating in space can be time-consuming. B. Diversity is interesting to learn about C. The author thinks cutlery is the best tool to use to consume food. (correct) D. The author enjoys trying new food.
The Moon has been worshipped by primitive peoples and has inspired humans to create everything from lunar calendars to love sonnets, but what do we really know about it? The most accepted theory about the origin of the Moon is that it was formed of the debris from a massive collision with the young Earth about 4.6 billion years ago. A huge body, perhaps the size of Mars, struck the Earth, throwing out an immense amount of debris that coalesced and cooled in orbit around the Earth. The development of Earth is inextricably linked to the moon; the Moon's gravitational influence upon the Earth is the primary cause of ocean tides. In fact, the Moon has more than twice the effect upon the tides than does the Sun. The Moon makes one rotation and completes a revolution around the Earth every 27 days, 7 hours, and 43 minutes. This synchronous rotation is caused by an uneven distribution of mass in the Moon (essentially, it is heavier on one side than the other) and has allowed the Earth's gravity to keep one side of the Moon permanently facing Earth. It is an average distance from Earth of 384,403 km. The Moon has no atmosphere; without an atmosphere, the Moon has nothing to protect it from meteorite impacts, and thus the surface of the Moon is covered with impact craters, both large and small. The Moon also has no active tectonic or volcanic activity, so the erosive effects of atmospheric weathering, tectonic shifts, and volcanic upheavals that tend to erase and reform the Earth's surface features are not at work on the Moon. In fact, even tiny surface features such as the footprint left by an astronaut in the lunar soil are likely to last for millions of years, unless obliterated by a chance meteorite strike. The surface gravity of the Moon is about one-sixth that of the Earth's. Therefore, a man weighing 82 kilograms on Earth would only weigh 14 kilograms on the Moon. The geographical features of the Earth most like that of the Moon are, in fact, places such as the Hawaiian volcanic craters and the huge meteor crater in Arizona. The climate of the Moon is very unlike either Hawaii or Arizona, however; in fact the temperature on the Moon ranges between 123 degrees C. to -233 degrees C.
12. What is the passage primarily about? (a) the Moon's effect upon the Earth (b) the origin of the Moon (c) what we know about the Moon and its differences to Earth CORRECT (d) a comparison of the Moon and the Earth 13. The word "massive" in line 4 is closest in meaning to (a) unavoidable (b) dense (c) huge CORRECT (d) impressive 14. The word "debris" in line 5 is closest in meaning to (a) rubbish CORRECT (b) satellites (c) moons (d) earth 15. According to the passage, the Moon is (a) older than the Earth (b) protected by a dense atmosphere (c) composed of a few active volcanoes (d) the primary cause of Earth's ocean tides CORRECT 16. The word "uneven " in line 11 is closest in meaning to (a) Heavier (b) Equally distributed (c) Orderly (d) Not uniform CORRECT 17. Why does the author mention "impact craters" in line 16? (a) to show the result of the Moon not having an atmosphere CORRECT (b) to show the result of the Moon not having active tectonic or volcanic activity (c) to explain why the Moon has no plant life because of meteorites (d) to explain the corrosive effects of atmospheric weathering 18. The word "erase" in line 19 is closest in meaning to (a) change (b) impact (c) obliterate CORRECT (d) erupt 19. A person on the Moon would weigh less than on the Earth because (a) of the composition of lunar soil (b) the surface gravity of the Moon is less CORRECT (c) the Moon has no atmosphere (d) the Moon has no active tectonic or volcanic activity 20. All of the following are true about the Moon EXCEPT (a) it has a wide range of temperatures (b) it is heavier on one side than the other (c) it is unable to protect itself from meteorite attacks (d) it has less effect upon the tides than the Sun CORRECT 21. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? (a) the Moon is not able to support human life CORRECT (b) if the Moon had no gravitational influence, the Earth would not have tides (c) people living in Hawaii and Arizona would feel at home on the Moon (d) Mars could have been formed in a similar way to the Moon
People of Hispanic origin were on the North American continent centuries before settlers arrived from Europe in the early 1600s and the thirteen colonies joined together to form the United States in the late 1700s. The first census of the new nation was conducted in 1790, and counted about four million people, most of whom were white. Of the white citizens, more than 80% traced their ancestry back to England. There were close to 700,000 slaves and about 60,000 "free Negroes". Only a few Native American Indians who paid taxes were included in the census count, but the total Native American population was probably about one million. By 1815, the population of the United States was 8.4 million. Over the next 100 years, the country took in about 35 million immigrants, with the greatest numbers coming in the late 1800s and early 1900s. In 1882, 40,000 Chinese arrived, and between 1900 and 1907, there were more than 30,000 Japanese immigrants. But by far, the largest numbers of the new immigrants were from central, eastern, and southern Europe. An enormous amount of racial and ethnic assimilation has taken place in the United States. In 1908, play-write Israel Zangwill first used the term "melting pot" to describe the concept of a place where many races melted in a crucible and re-formed to populate a new land. Some years during the first two decades of the 20th century, there were as many as one million new immigrants per year, an astonishing 1 percent of the total population of the United States. In 1921, however, the country began to limit immigration, and the Immigration Act of 1924 virtually closed the door. The total number of immigrants admitted per year dropped from as many as a million to only 150,000. A quota system was established that specified the number of immigrants that could come from each country. It heavily favored immigrants from northern and western Europe and severely limited everyone else. This system remained in effect until 1965, although after World War II, several exceptions were made to the quota system to allow in groups of refugees.
22. Why did the author write the passage? (a) to outline the ways immigration has been restricted (b) to emphasize the impact of migrants from Europe (c) to explain and give examples of the concept of a "melting pot" (d) to summarize the main features of immigration CORRECT 23. According to the passage, which ancestry predominated at the time of the first census? (a) Native Americans (b) Negroes (c) English CORRECT (d) Hispanic 24. The word "ancestry" in line 5 is closest in meaning to (a) origins CORRECT (b) inheritance (c) color (d) freedom 25. The word "their" in line 5 refers to which of the following (a) immigrants (b) people of Hispanic origin (c) white citizens CORRECT (d) Native Americans 26. Which of the following is true, according to the passage? (a) a quota system was in place from 1908 (b) a peak period of immigration was in the late 1800s and early 1900s CORRECT (c) slaves were not counted in the first census (d) only those who paid taxes were included in the first census 27. The number of immigrants taken in over the 100 years to 1915 was (a) probably about 1 million (b) about 35 million CORRECT (c) 8.4 million (d) about 4 million 28. The word "concept" in line 16 is closest in meaning to (a) location (b) type (c) complexity (d) thought CORRECT 29. The word "virtually" in line 21 is closest in meaning to (a) effectively CORRECT (b) occasionally (c) thoroughly (d) undeservedly 30. Which of the following is NOT true about immigrants (a) they were subjected to an official quota in the Immigration Act from 1924 (b) during the 1900s immigrants numbered 1 percent of the total population CORRECT (c) settlers of Hispanic origin arrived centuries before those from Europe (d) numbers began to be limited from 1921 31. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage (a) preserving a developing "American" culture was a major factor leading to the introduction of the quota system CORRECT (b) racial and ethnic assimilation did not occur as planned (c) racial and ethnic tensions would have increased if the quota system had not been introduced (d) the quota system was introduced to limit population growth
Considered the most influential architect of his time, Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959) was born in the small rural community of Richland Center, Wisconsin. He entered the University of Wisconsin at the age of 15 as a special student, studying engineering because the school had no course in architecture. At the age of 20 he then went to work as a draughtsman in Chicago in order to learn the traditional, classical language of architecture. After marrying into a wealthy business family at the age of 21, Wright set up house in an exclusive neighborhood in Chicago, and after a few years of working for a number of architectural firms, set up his own architectural office. For twenty years he brought up a family of six children upstairs, and ran a thriving architectural practice of twelve or so draughtsmen downstairs. Here, in an idyllic American suburb, with giant oaks, sprawling lawns, and no fences, Wright built some sixty rambling homes by the year 1900. He became the leader of a style known as the "Prairie" school - houses with low-pitched roofs and extended lines that blended into the landscape and typified his style of "organic architecture". By the age of forty-one, in 1908, Wright had achieved extraordinary social and professional success. He gave countless lectures at major universities, and started his Taliesin Fellowship - a visionary social workshop in itself. In 1938 he appeared on the cover of Time magazine, and later, on a two cent stamp. The most spectacular buildings of his mature period were based on forms borrowed from nature, and the intentions were clearly romantic, poetic, and intensely personal. Examples of these buildings are Tokyo's Imperial Hotel (1915-22: demolished 1968), and New York City's Guggenheim Museum (completed 1959). He continued working until his death in 1959, at the age of 92, although in his later years, he spent as much time giving interviews and being a celebrity, as he did in designing buildings. Wright can be considered an essentially idiosyncratic architect whose influence was immense but whose pupils were few.
32. With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned? (a) the development of modern architecture in America (b) the contributions of the "Prairie" School to modern architecture (c) the life and achievements of a famous architect (d) the influence of the style of "organic architecture" in America 33. Frank Lloyd Wright first worked as a draughtsman because (a) for twenty years he lived above his shop and employed draughtsmen (b) to learn the language of architecture CORRECT (c) that is what he studied at the University of Wisconsin (d) that is the work of new employees in architectural firms 34. The word "some" in line 11 is closest in meaning to (a) around CORRECT (b) over (c) nearly (d) exactly 35. According to the passage, an idyllic American suburb is (a) based on forms borrowed from nature (b) blended into the landscape (c) giant oaks, sprawling lawns, and no fences CORRECT (d) houses with low-pitched reefs and extended lines 36. The word "blended" in line 13 is closest in meaning to (a) dug (b) cut (c) imposed (d) merged CORRECT 37. The word "itself" in line 17 refers to (a) social workshop (b) Taliesin Fellowship CORRECT (c) He (d) Major universities 38. The word "idiosyncratic" in line 24 is closest in meaning to (a) idiotic (b) idealistic (c) individualistic CORRECT (d) independent 39. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? (a) the Taliesin Fellowship was a grant of money (b) many of Wright's architectural ideas have not been taken up by others CORRECT (c) Wright used his wife's money to set up his own architectural office in an exclusive neighborhood in Chicago (d) Some of Wright's most notable buildings have been demolished because they were not popular 40. All of the following about Frank Lloyd Wright are true EXCEPT (a) he became the leader of a style known as "organic architecture" CORRECT (b) he died at the age of 92 (c) he commenced university studies at the age of 15 (d) some of his most spectacular buildings were not in America
The healing power of maggots is not new. Human beings have discovered it several times. The Maya are said to have used maggots for therapeutic purposes a thousand years ago. As early as the sixteenth century, European doctors noticed that soldiers with maggot-infested wounds healed well. More recently, doctors have realized that maggots can be cheaper and more effective than drugs in some respects, and these squirming larvae have, at times, enjoyed a quiet medical renaissance. The problem may have more to do with the weak stomachs of those using them than with good science. The modern heydey of maggot therapy began during World War I, when an American doctor named William Baer was shocked to notice that two soldiers who had lain on a battlefield for a week while their abdominal wounds became infested with thousands of maggots, had recovered better than wounded men treated in the military hospital. After the war, Baer proved to the medical establishment that maggots could cure some of the toughest infections. In the 1930s hundreds of hospitals used maggot therapy. Maggot therapy requires the right kind of larvae. Only the maggots of blowflies (a family that includes common bluebottles and greenbottles) will do the job; they devour dead tissue, whether in an open wound or in a corpse. Some other maggots, on the other hand, such as those of the screw-worm eat live tissue. They must be avoided. When blowfly eggs hatch in a patient's wound, the maggots eat the dead flesh where gangrene-causing bacteria thrive. They also excrete compounds that are lethal to bacteria they don't happen to swallow. Meanwhile, they ignore live flesh, and in fact, give it a gentle growth-stimulating massage simply by crawling over it. When they metamorphose into flies, they leave without a trace - although in the process, they might upset the hospital staff as they squirm around in a live patient. When sulfa drugs, the first antibiotics, emerged around the time of World War II, maggot therapy quickly faded into obscurity.
41. Why did the author write the passage? (a) because of the resistance to using the benefits of maggots (b) to demonstrate the important contribution of William Baer (c) to outline the healing power of maggots CORRECT (d) to explain treatment used before the first antibiotics 42. The word "renaissance" in line 6 is closest in meaning to (a) revival CORRECT (b) resistance (c) support (d) condemnation 43. According to the passage, William Bayer was shocked because (a) two soldiers had lain on the battlefield for a week (b) the medical establishment refused to accept his findings (c) the soldiers abdominal wounds had become infested with maggots (d) the soldiers had recovered better than those in a military hospital CORRECT 44. Which of the following is true, according to the passage? (a) sulfa drugs have been developed from maggots (b) maggots only eat dead tissue (c) bluebottles and greenbottles produce maggots (d) blowfly maggots only eat dead tissue CORRECT 45. The word "devour" in line 16 is closest in meaning to (a) chew (b) clean (c) change (d) consume CORRECT 46. The word "thrive" in line 19 is closest in meaning to (a) prosper (b) eat (c) move (d) grow CORRECT 47. The word "metamorphose" in line 22 is closest in meaning to (a) disappear (b) grow (c) change CORRECT (d) move 48. The word "they" in line 23 refers to (a) flies (b) maggots CORRECT (c) gangrene-causing bacteria (d) live patients 49. All of the following are true EXCEPT (a) maggots come from eggs CORRECT (b) maggots eat bacteria (c) maggots are larvae (d) William Bayer discovered a new type of maggot 50. What can be inferred from the passage about maggots? (a) modern science might be able to develop new drugs from maggots that would fight infection (b) maggot therapy would have been more popular if antibiotics had not been discovered CORRECT (c) William Baer later changed his mind about the value of using maggot therapy (d) sulfa drugs were developed from maggots
Topic Sentence
A sentence that expresses the main idea of the paragraph. Can be stated in one or two sentences, and are often found at the beginning of paragraphs.
Assumption
A set of beliefs the author has about the subject
Opinion
A statement that cannot be proved. Such as, "The movie Avatar was the best movie ever made."
Summarizing
A summary should include the main ideas from beginning, middle, and end of the passage. The summary must be presented in sequence; it cannot move from beginning to end and then back to the middle. It must have accurate information, as some answers will deliberately give false information in which a reader will have to test the option out.
Identifying a Writers Tone
An article that describes something as being inspiring or visionary has a positive tone. An article that describes something as wasteful or foolhardy has a negative tone. There are various tones an article can take on.
Inference
An educated guess or conclusion drawn by the reader based on the available facts and information; a logical judgment made after reading a phrase or sentence in a text.
Distinguishing Between Fact & Opinion
Contrastingly, words that convey degrees of being are usually associated with opinion: good, better, best, and bad, worse, and worst. Also, words that reflect abstract ideas and emotions are also associated with opinion: love, friendship, jealousy.
Identifying a Writers Purpose
Factual information may be used to inform, and information with positive or negative connotations or judgments may be used to persuade. An in-depth investigation of a topic may be an analysis.
Identifying the Main Idea
First identify the topic by asking "What is the passage about?" Once this question is answered, then ask "What point is the author making about this topic?" The majority of paragraphs will include information about the main idea. Stop and summaries, and visualize as you read.
THE WHITE ELEPHANT Centuries ago, in the country of Siam, now known as Thailand, it was the custom of the rulers that displeased them by giving the offender a white elephant. Because the animal was considered to be could not be made to work as other elephants did, but still had to be fed hundreds of pounds of fruit and cared for in the most lavish style. The recipient could not give the elephant to anyone else, as it was the ruler, who would be greatly displeased should the recipient not receive the gift graciously or care for in a grand style. This monetary burden could be a major liability to the recipient and in many cases they became impoverished. This is the origin of the term "white elephant" as it is used today to denote an unwanted gift. The way of gift exchange played during the holiday season is an offshoot of this. In this game, everyone brings and the gifts are exchanged by drawing numbers and picking a gift in turn. The second person can choose or steal the first one. It is all in good fun, and people enjoy giving silly gifts and "stealing" someone else.
How did the people regard a white elephant? A. If a village elder received a white elephant, the entire village shared in the supply of meat. B. People tried very hard not to offend the king so they would not receive a white elephant (Correct) C. White elephants were highly prized as they were very hard workers in the cane fields. D. The people of Siam vied for the honor of receiving the king's gift or a white elephant. Where is Thailand" A. Africa B. Europe C. Asia (correct) D. South America
Finding the meaning of Words in Context
Identifying the correct meaning of a word or words may be the key to identifying the authors main idea. The reader should use context clues to identify the meaning of a word.
HESI Hint: Finding a words Meaning in the Context
Look carefully at the words and sentences surrounding the unknown word. Once the correct meaning has been chosen, test that meaning in the passage. It should make sense, and the meaning should be supported by the other sentences in the passage or paragraph
HESI Hint: Main Ideas
Main ideas can be found in the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a paragraph or passage. Always check the introduction and conclusion for the main idea.
Making Logical Inferences
Often referred to as "reading between the lines." An inference should be supported by the evidence or facts presented in the reading. Inferences are not directly stated in the passage but are derived from the information presented and understood by the reader.
Tone
Refers to the attitude or feelings the author has about the topic; the character of the text in terms of word choice, and sentence structure.
Connotation
Refers to the emotions or feelings that the reader attaches to the words. Can be positive or negative, and usually has implied meanings. (Denotation: Dictionary definitions of a word)
HESI Hint: Summarizing
Remember, the summary should include the main ideas of the passage, possibly with some major supporting details. Finally, it is a shortened version of the passage that includes all the important information, eliminating the unnecessary and redundant.
Fact
Something that can be proved (right or wrong). Such as, "The movie Avatar was nominated for best picture in 2010."
Word Structure Context Clue
Sometimes simply knowing the meaning of basic prefixes, suffixes, and root words can help the reader make an educated guess about an unknown word.
The Game of Bridge The ebb and flow of laughter and silence fills the room as four old friends gather to engage in a round of Bridge playing. For the beginner, Bridge can be complicated, but with time, effort, and a good teacher, even the novice can become proficient. Composed of two main parts, bidding and playing, Bridge requires the player's undivided attention. The dealer deals the entire deck of playing cards evenly between the for players, with each person receiving thirteen cards. In the bidding portion of the game, the four suits of cards in the deck are ranked highest to lowest as follows: spades, hearts, diamonds, and finally clubs. However, during play all the suits of cards are considered equals, and they go from highest to lowest from the ace being high to the two card being low. The highest number of tricks wins. A trick is one card played by each player for a total of four. After the lead player lays down his/her card, the other players follow suit, if possible. The highest card within the four "same suit" cards played wins the trick and picks up all four cards. if a player cannot follow suit, he/she plays any card, but to make the game more interesting and challenging, one suit is named a trump suit which means that if a player plays a card from the trump suit, it always wins the trick. If two cards from the trump suit are played, the highest card withing the trump suit wins the trick. obviously the team with the most tricks wins the hand.
The author want the reader to feel A. As though the game of Bridge is too hard for novices to learn. B. frustrated and confused about playing bridge C. confident and excited about learning the game of bridge (correct) D. Overwhelmed by all the rules for the games of Bridge. Throughout this passage the word suit means A. A set of clothing to be worn together B. Any of the four sets into which a deck of cards is divided. (CORRECT) C to be convenient or right for D. To request or appeal persistently In the passage, a trick is described as A. A special look given to your partner across the table B. A book that gives strategies on how to win a Bridge. C. A collection of one card played by each of four players. (CORRECT) D. A specific card the dealer gives to the person to her right. The passage explicitly states A. That the highest card withing the "trump" suit always wins the trick. (CORRECT) B. The Ace card is always the lowest card. C. That there is a pile of leftover" cards that is placed in the middle of the game table. D. that if a player cannot follow suit, she loses her turn to the next player. The passage implies that A. playing bridge requires concentration. (CORRECT) B. Bridge is an extremely easy game to play C. Bridge is only for older people D. Bridge is only for women
The Golden Gate Bridge Linking San Francisco to Marin County in California, the Golden Gate Bridge is one of the most famous bridges in the world. The bridge crosses over a narrow strait which connects the Pacific Ocean to San Francisco Bay. Prior to the bridge, people traveled by ferry boat across the strait. Although most people thought a bridge was necessary to expedite travel, some residents of the bay area felt the risk of building the bridge was too great. Joseph Strauss believed that nothing was impossible and dreams would never come to fruition if risks weren't taken. So he decided to gather the best and brightest builders, architects, and workers to embark on the challenge of building a bridge across the Golden Gate Strait. With safety nets in place, the construction began in 1937. Building the anchorages first, the builders then move on to the towers on each end, and then to the three-foot thick cables to support the suspension bridge. Lastly, workers labored to complete the roadway which became the most dangerous and treacherous part of the entire task. The builders had to keep the bridge balance so it wouldn't fall into the bay. Today, over sixty-five years later, the bridge remains a life-line for the people of the San Francisco Bay Area.
The authors reason for writing this piece seems to be to A. Inform the reader (correct) B. Teach the reader C. persuade the reader D. entertain the reader What body of water does The Golden GAte Bridge cross? A. SAn Francisco Bay B. Pacific Ocean C. MArin Strait D. Golden Gate Strait (Correct) Why was the roadway so dangerous to build? A. There weren't enough materials available to build the road B. The workers might get hit by passing cars. C. The men would fall to their deaths. C. If the road wasn't balance, it would collapse. (correct) What is embarking? Begin/Start What is the first step build? Anchorage
HESI Hint: Antonym Context Clues
The reader needs to watch for clue words such as although, but, and instead, which sometimes signal that an antonym is being used.
Purpose
The reason for reading or writing, such as entertain, inform, analyze, or persuade.
Identifying Supporting Details
These are details that the writer uses to give a description, a background, or simply more information to support the main idea. They may be examples, facts, or statistics. Often the author's main idea can be confused with the examples or reasons that support the main idea.
Hint: Identifying Supporting Details
Usually the reader can discover details by the authors use of transition words such as one, next, another, first, or finally, which indicate that a detail is being provided.
Tesla Croatian-born inventor Nikola Tesla is often called the "forgotten scientist". Although he invented the alternating current (AC) motor and developed an AC electricity generation system, he never received historical credit for many of his achievements, unlike one of his first employer and eventual nemesis, inventor Thomas Edison Tesla made the first sketches of his idea for a brushless of his idea for a brushless AC motor while he was a student at the University of Prague in 1882. His interest in electricity generation led him to Paris where he was employed by the Continental Edison Company later that year to repair Edison's direct current (DC) power plants. Two years later, Tesla immigrated to New York City and acquired a job as an engineer at Thomas Edison's headquarters in Manhattan. Edison was impressed with Tesla's work ethic and ingenuity. He challenged the young scientist to develop an improved design for his DC generators for $50,000. Tesla experimented for months, finally presenting Edison with the solution he needed. Edison reneged on the deal, telling Tesla that he didn't understand American humor. Tesla soon left Edison in order to begin his own electric light company Tesla filed and was granted more than 30 patents for his inventions in 1887 and 1888. He soon had financial backing for his ideas from one of Edison' main competitors, Westinghouse. In the 1890's Tesla experimented with x-rays, developed a high-voltage electrical transformer call the Tesla coil, and demonstrated the propagation of radio waves two years before the "Father of Radio" Guglielmo Marconi. He was also the first to harness the mammoth potential energy of Niagara Falls. he worked with General Electric to install AC generators with turbines driven by the falling waters of the Niagara River, creating the first modern power plant Although a brilliant scientist, Tesla was not an astute businessman. he created his own obscurity by relinguishing royalty rights for his inventions to major corporations for the purpose of raising funds for future projects.
What did Tesla accomplish while attending the University of prague? A. Improved the design for Edison's DC generators. B. Made repairs to Edison's direct current power plants. C. Made designs for a brushless alternating current motor (correct) D. Developed a high-votage electrical transformer.
Food: Food and drink are necessary and desirable, but their abuse can cause serious physical and metal problem. Many physicians believe that overeating is one of the country's main health problems, since it places a great strain on the heart, can lead to diabetes, and often shortens the individual's life span. To fill an emotional void. people often turn to food when they are bored or lonely. Another area of concern is alcohol consumption. The results of alcohol abuse are widely publicized. The social drinker who becomes alcoholic, the drunken driver's contribution to highway death, spousal and child abuse, are all concomitant problems associated with alcohol abuse.
What is implied by this paragraph? CORRECT - A. We should eat and drink in reasonable quantities. B. Obesity is a more serious problem than alcoholism. C. Alcohol should be banned. D. We need stronger laws to control drunk drivers. . The author seems? Favor moderation As used in the last sentence of this paragraph, the term "concomitant" means? Accompanying The author's motive for writing the paragraph seems to have been to? Urgent self-control The information presented in this article is? Unbiased in its approach.
Exams Subjective exams measure your ability in several areas. Besides recall information, you must be able to realize content logically and intelligently express yourself in a clearly understood manner. Subjective test provide opportunity for students to show their broad knowledge of a subjective area. Answers may be in the form of paragraphs or lengthy essays. When your review for an essay exam, concentrate on main ideas rather than details. Since essay tests are less to a few questions, they are likely to deal with more important ideas of a subject. Prepare a list of question you thing might be asked. Write an answer to each of your questions. Rather than writing complete sentence down your thoughts in outline form. doing so will help you organize the information so that you can express yourself clearly. When you take the test, read through all the questions before you start to write. Allot time for each question, spending more time for questions worth the most points. Read each question carefully to determine exactly what is they asked. Pay attention to words such as define, illustrate, explain, list, compare, and contrast. Each work require a different type of response. Write a brief outlines of your answer on scrap paper or the back of the test. Make sure you include all the important ideas that are within the limits of the question. In other words, do not write more than is asked for each answer. When you write your answer, keep it specific and as brief as possible. In the introductory sentence it is often helpful to make a general statement that includes important points addressed in each question. Such a topic sentence serves as a framework for your answer. Then use your outline to develop the main point and subtopics. Add substance to your answer by including as many facts as possible to support your answer. Check your paper before you submit it. Look for mistakes in grammar, spelling, sentence structure, and punctuation. Unless you are certain an answer is wrong, do not change it. Your answer is an educated guess and is usually your best chance of answering correctly.
When taking a subjective examination, you will find questions like. A. True & False B. Multiple Choice C. Matching D. Definitions. (CORRECT) Compared to objective exams, essay test contain A. no good answers B. more questions C. fewer questions (correct) D. harder questions From the article the reader can conclude that a test containing true-false question is called. A. subjective B. rejective C. objective (CORRECT) D. Dejective Compared to objective exams, subjective tests contain A. more questions. B. fewer questions (correct) C. harder questions D. no good answers.
Explanation Context Clue
When the author gives more information about the unknown word, which better explains the meaning of the word.
Synonym Context Clue
When the author gives the reader another word that means the same or nearly the same as the unknown word.
Definition Context Clue
When the author puts the meaning of the word in parenthesis or states the definition in the following sentence.
Restatement Context Clue
When the author restates the unknown word in a sentence using more familiar words.
The Electoral College The electoral college has nothing to do with college and contains no students. The Electoral College consists of votes that each state acquires based on the number of representatives it has in Congress. Each state has two electoral votes because each state has two senators. The remaining electoral votes are determined by the number of Congressmen, the number of which is base on the population of the state established by the Census taken each decade. During the presidential election, most states cast all their electoral votes for the candidate who wins the popular vote in that particular state. Its all very confusing, but the founding fathers know what they were doing. By having and using the Electoral College candidates campaign in every state, but just because they win the popular vote across the country doesn't mean they will always win the election. Case in point, in election 2000, Al Gore won the popular vote across the country, but George W. Bush won more electoral votes. Therefore he became our 43rd president.
Which statement from the passage is a fact? A. Each state casts their electoral votes during the Presidential election (CORRECT) B. The government randomly assigns electoral votes to states. C. Candidates only campaign in states where they think they can win. D The Electoral College is a college in Washington D. C. The author's reason for writing this piece seems to be to A. Inform the reader B. Teach the reader(CORRECT) C. Persuade the reader D. Entertain the reader
Voice What effect does your voice have on others? Does it persuade or irritate, attract or repel? One of the worst qualities is harshness. If you ever get the feeling that people are uncomfortable when you speak, it may be that your harsh tones are jarring their eardrums. your voice will sound unpleasant if it is shrill, grating, hard, piercing, brassy, to loud, or too nasal. Harsh voice qualities usually come from too much tension in the throat and jaw. Tension tightens muscles and blocks the relaxed voice tones essential to a pleasing impression. Because tension occurs in higher pitched voices, women tend to have shriller voices than men, which usually makes them less desirable public speakers, newscasters, or political candidates.
Which statement from the selection presents a fact rather than an opinion? A. One of the worst voice qualities is harshness. B. Harsh voice qualities usually come from too much tension in the throat and jaw. (correct) C. Your voice will sound unpleasant if it is shrill, grating, hard, piercing, brassy, too loud, or too nasal. D. Because tension occurs in higher pitched voices, women tn to have shriller voices than men, which usually makes them less desirable public speaker, newscasters, or political candidates. What is stated in this paragraph? A. Some men have harsh voices. B. Relaxed people often have harsh voices. C. Women make less appealing political candidates. (CORRECT) D. Not everyone finds a harsh voice irritating. The information presented is A. Slanted in favor of newscasters (CORRECT). B. Slanted against people with deep voice C. slanted against people with piercing voices. D. balance in its approach. The author seems to: A. prefer low pitched tones (CORRECT) B. be an experienced public speaker C. prefer shrill, grating, and brassy voice D. have no particular reactions to different voices. correct
