HESI Nutrition & Obstetrics/Maternity Practice Test

Which medication is prescribed for the prevention of ophthalmia neonatorum? A) Triple antibiotic ointment (Neosporin). B) Natamycin (Natacyn). C) Tobramycin (Tobrex). D) Erythromycin (Ilotycin).

D) Erythromycin (Ilotycin).

Which foods should the practical nurse (PN) recommend for a client who is receiving chemotherapy? (Select all that apply) A) Cooked broccoli, cauliflower and boiled eggs. B) Orange juice. C) Baked potatoes. D) Pastries. E) Pastas. F) Fried chicken.

A) Cooked broccoli, cauliflower and boiled eggs. C) Baked potatoes. E) Pastas

What is the most important action by the practical nurse (PN) in preventing neonatal infection? A) Hand washing. B) Isolating infected infants. C) Adequate spacing of bassinets. D) Practicing Standard Precautions.

A) Hand washing.

The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client with heart failure (HF). What outcome of diet therapy should the PN evaluate as a therapeutic response for this client? A) Control fluid balance. B) Promote weight loss. C) Decrease cholesterol intake. D) Manage blood pressure.

A) Control fluid balance.

A client who arrives at the urgent care clinic reporting diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain and nausea and tells the practical nurse (PN) the symptoms began after eating a can of beans. What is the likely cause of this type of foodborne illness? A) Clostridium botulinum. B) Samonella typhi. C) Listeria monocytogenes. D) Campylobacter jejuni.

A) Clostridium botulinum.

The practical nurse (PN) stresses to a female client the importance of osteoporosis prevention. Which foods should the PN recommend the client to include in her diet? A) Apples. B) Cheddar cheese. C) Lima beans. D) Canned tuna.

D) Canned tuna.

Which intervention should the practical nurse (PN) provide a neonate during hospitalization? A) Provide play activities in the hospital room. B) Offer the neonate a pacifier between feedings. C) Assign the neonate to a room with other neonates. D) Request that parents bring security object from home.

B) Offer the neonate a pacifier between feedings.

The practical nurse (PN) is reviewing the informational packets with a client who is at risk for preeclampsia. Which information is most important for the PN reinforce with the client? A) Notify the clinic if any vision changes are experienced. B) Rest frequently with both feet elevated after long periods of standing. C) Pack personal belongings for admission to the hospital. D) Record daily weight for review by the healthcare provider at the next visit.

A) Notify the clinic if any vision changes are experienced.

The practical nurse (PN) is discussing nutritional options with a female client who has mild hypertension. Which information should the PN recommend the client change in her daily diet? A) Avoid green leafy vegetables. B) Choose foods with simple sugars. C) Limit foods high in fiber. D) Decrease intake of canned foods.

D) Decrease intake of canned foods.

A primigravida client asks the practical nurse (PN), "How will I know that I will be going into labor soon?" Which sign should the PN provide that is a common sign? A) Burst of energy. B) Urinary retention. C) Increase in fundal height. D) Weight gain of 1.5 to 2 kg.

A) Burst of energy.

The practical nurse (PN) is preparing a client about a stool guaiac test. Which food should the PN tell the client to avoid 3 days prior to collecting the specimen for this test? A) Shellfish. B) Pasta. C) Raw broccoli. D) Peanut butter.

C) Raw broccoli.

A 3-day old newborn who weighed 7 pounds, 8 ounces at birth is breast feeding and now weighs 6 pound and 15 ounces. Which action should the practical nurse take? A) Provide supplemental formula feedings. B) Document the weight loss. C) Review admission assessment findings. D) Maintain strict intake and output.

B) Document the weight loss.

The home health practical nurse (PN) is caring a client with a stage III pressure ulcer. Which food group that contains zinc should be added to the client's diet to aide in wound healing? A) Cheese and eggs. B) Green apples and berries. C) Meats and shellfish. D) Complex carbohydrates.

C) Meats and shellfish.

The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with cirrhosis of the liver. Which foods should be limited in the client's diet? A) Peanut butter. B) Collard greens. C) Eggs. D) Wheat bread.

A) Peanut butter.

An elderly client in an assisted living community is refusing to eat during mealtime. The practical nurse (PN) discovers that the client has several mouth ulcers. What types of food should the PN suggest to promote intake and healing of ulcers? A) Poached or scrambled eggs. B) Hot soups and broths. C) Peanut butter crackers. D) Ice cream or milk shakes.

A) Poached or scrambled eggs.

Which physiological cause(s) for constipation during pregnancy should the practical nurse (PN) explain to a client in the first trimester? (Select all that apply.) A) Displacement of the colon. B) Tightening of the anal sphincter. C) Change in nutrient absorption. D) Shifting of liver placement. E) Decrease in peristalsis. F) Increase bile production.

A) Displacement of the colon. E) Decrease in peristalsis.

A 14-week gestational client, who weighed 125 pounds before pregnancy, comes into the health clinic for a prenatal appointment. The client's weight today is 129 pounds. What action should the practical nurse (PN) implement? A) Document the finding in the medical record. B) Retake the weight after calibrating the scale. C) Notify the healthcare provider. D) Obtain a 24-hour dietary recall.

A) Document the finding in the medical record.

The practical nurse (PN) quickly moves the crib of a male newborn and notices that his legs flex, arms fan out, and then return toward his midline. What action should the PN implement? A) Document the newborn demonstrates a Moro reflex. B) Report the abnormal finding to the charge nurse. C) Perform a hearing test for the newborn. D) Observe for other abnormalities in the musculoskeletal system.

A) Document the newborn demonstrates a Moro reflex.

The practical nurse (PN) is reinforcing the importance of increasing magnesium in the diet for a primigravida. The client asks why this is important? What information should the PN provide about magnesium needs during pregnancy? A) Enhances the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids and fats. B) Aids in prevention of demineralization of bone. C) Assists with metabolism of amino acids. D) Facilitates the synthesis of neural pathways in the fetus.

A) Enhances the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids and fats.

The practical nurse (PN) is assisting an Orthodox Jewish client who has dementia make weekly dinner choices in an assisted living community. Which main course selections should the PN suggest that are suitable for a kosher diet? A) Lamb chops with mint jelly. B) Crab cakes with cocktail sauce. C) Pork chops with cranberry relish. D) Steak with cream sauce.

A) Lamb chops with mint jelly.

During a nutrition consultation for elevated cholesterol, the dietician recommends that the client replace saturated fats with monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fats. What explanation should the practical nurse reenforce with the client about this change in fat in the diet? A) Lowers the amount of low density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood. B) Lowers the amount of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in the blood. C) Contributes to raising cholesterol levels in the blood. D) Contributes to raising triglycerides levels in the blood.

A) Lowers the amount of low density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood.

The practical nurse (PN) obtains the assistance of an interpreter when caring for a primiparous client from Mexico who speaks very little English and delivered a full-term neonate yesterday. When reinforcing the postpartum dietary plan of care for the client, what should the PN tell the interpreter to encourage the client to include in her diet? (Select all that apply.) A) Red meats. B) Leafy green vegetables. C) Corn. D) Potatoes. E) Fresh fruits.

A) Red meats. B) Leafy green vegetables. E) Fresh fruits.

The practical nurse (PN) reviews the dietary treatment plan with a client who has ascites secondary to cirrhosis of the liver. Which information should the PN include when reviewing the dietary plan? A) Restricted sodium intake. B) Increased protein intake. C) Restrict fluid intake. D) Increase potassium intake

A) Restricted sodium intake.

After repeating the vital signs for a newborn who is 4 hours old, the practical nurse (PN) obtains an axillary temperature of 97.2 F and places the newborn under a radiant heat warmer. Which additional finding should the PN observe in the newborn? A) Tremors of the hands during crying. B) An increase in heart rate. C) Flushing of the skin. D) Respiratory depression.

A) Tremors of the hands during crying.

The healthcare provider prescribes a protein supplement for an older client who is recovering after surgery. What information should the practical nurse provide the family about the value of the supplement? A) An increase of protein supplies fuel for energy in the client. B) Additional protein promotes tissue healing postoperatively. C) Protein supplements stimulate the client's appetite. D) Increased protein satiates cravings for carbohydrates.

B) Additional protein promotes tissue healing postoperatively.

A mother who is preparing for discharge begins asking the practical nurse (PN) questions about bottle feeding her infant. What information should the PN reinforce? A) Place leftover formula in the refrigerator for 24 hours only. B) Burp the newborn periodically during the feeding. C) Heat the bottle of formula in the microwave oven. D) Add extra formula powder to increase the concentration.

B) Burp the newborn periodically during the feeding.

The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a group of clients who are on on a high protein diet. Which client's condition is most likely to experience the most therapeutic response with this diet? A) Client with cardiovascular disease. B) Client recovering from illness or surgery. C) Client who is experiencing a stressful life event. D) Client who exercises regularly after sporadic activity.

B) Client recovering from illness or surgery.

A young adult female comes to the health clinic to confirm a positive home pregnancy test. After determining the client's last menstrual period (LMP) as August 5, what expected date of birth (EDB) should the practical nurse (PN)calculate? A) April 29. B) May 12. C) July 1. D) June 12.

B) May 12.

The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client with continuous feeding through a nasogastric (NG) tube at a continuous care rehabilitation community. Which position should the PN place the client to prevent aspiration? A) Trendelenburg. B) Semi-Fowler's. C) Sims. D) Supine.

B) Semi-Fowler's.

The practical nurse (PN) places a newborn who is 4 hours old with an axillary temperature of 97.2 o F under the radiant heat warmer. Which rationale supports the PN's action? A) Heat loss increases as the newborn stretches from a flexed position. B) The newborn's thin layer of subcutaneous fat provides poor insulation. C) The basal metabolic rate is higher in a neonate that an adult. D) Neonatal body surface area allows for a slower rate of heat loss.

B) The newborn's thin layer of subcutaneous fat provides poor insulation.

A Chinese male client who moves into an assisted living community is concerned that the community will not be able to meet his dietary preferences. What should the practical nurse include in the diet for this client based on his cultural group? A) Dairy products. B) Vegetables. C) Pork and beef. D) Cakes and pies.

B) Vegetables.

The practical nurse (PN) is assisting a client with meal selections while in the hospital after a myocardial infarction (MI). Which client choices indicate to the PN that the client understands a prescribed low-fat, high fiber diet? A) chef salad with hard boiled eggs, avocado, fat free dressing, low fat chocolate cake B) vegetable soup, carrots, legumes, celery, toasted oat bread, and an apple C) broiled chicken stuffed with apples and walnuts on toasted white bread D) tuna salad sandwich on wheat bread with a fat free cookie and cantaloupe

B) vegetable soup, carrots, legumes, celery, toasted oat bread, and an apple

Which client should the practical nurse (PN) closely monitor for severe afterpains? A) A mother who had oligohydramnios during the pregnancy. B) A primiparous client who is bottle feeding. C) A multigravida who is breastfeeding. D) A primigravida who delivered a 5 pound 3 ounce infant.

C) A multigravida who is breastfeeding.

The mother asks the practical nurse (PN) what her infant may need if the phenylketonuria (PKU) test is positive. What type of treatment should the PN tell the mother will be required? A) Blood transfusions. B) Iron-enriched formula. C) Lifelong dietary management. D) Medications to prevent infection.

C) Lifelong dietary management.

An infant who weighs 4550 grams is delivered using forceps-assisted vaginal delivery. What action is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to implement? A) Palpate the clavicle for irregularity. B) Place the infant to the mother's breast. C) Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia. D) Complete a gestational age assessment.

C) Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia.

The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). What information is most important for the PN to reinforce with the client about life-style changes? A) Daily fingerstick glucose monitoring B) Regular exercise program. C) Portion-controlled, heart healthy diet selections. D) Compliance with oral hypoglycemic medications.

C) Portion-controlled, heart healthy diet selections.

The practical nurse (PN) is preparing a client for surgery. Which criteria should the PN use to determine a client's nutritional status before the procedure? A) Serum plasma albumin. B) Complete blood count. C) Subjective Global Assessment. D) A two week calorie count.

C) Subjective Global Assessment.

Which client is a candidate for the administration of human immune globulin (RhoGam) after delivery? A) The Rh-positive mother who delivers a Rh-positive baby. B) The Rh-negative mother who delivers a Rh-negative baby. C) The Rh-positive mother who delivers a Rh-negative baby. D) The Rh-negative mother who delivers a Rh-positive baby.

D) The Rh-negative mother who delivers a Rh-positive baby.

The healthcare provider prescribes an oral glucose tolerance test (GTT) for a male client with polyuria and polydipsia. The client is instructed to be NPO after midnight. What should the client be advised to drink with his morning medications? A) Any clear liquids. B) Tea without sugar. C) Coffee without milk. D) Water without flavorings.

D) Water without flavorings.

The practical nurse (PN) is reinforcing the education of a client who receives a new prescription, nifedipine (Procardia), for blood pressure management. Which dietary beverage should the PN direct the client to avoid while taking this medication? A) Cranberry juice. B) Tomato juice. C) Soy milk. D) Grapefruit juice.

D) Grapefruit juice.

Which strategy should the practical nurse (PN) implement to prevent a puerperal infection for a client during the first postpartum week? A) Administer prophylactic antibiotics. B) Give mega-doses of vitamin C. C) Provide perineal care and pad change every 2 hours. D) Implement strict medical and aseptic technique.

D) Implement strict medical and aseptic technique.

A primigravida at 33-weeks gestation is admitted after being involved in a motor vehicle collision (MVC). The client has no complaints of abdominal pain and no evidence of vaginal bleeding. Which action should the practical nurse (PN) anticipate implementing for the client? A) Transfer to a trauma unit. B) Monitor a ruptured spleen. C) Prepare for Cesarean section. D) Obtain a biophysical profile.

D) Obtain a biophysical profile.

A father expresses concern that his 3-day-old infant looks "yellow." Which information should the practical nurse (PN) provide? A) This yellow skin condition is the result of hepatic insufficiency. B) Normal signs of jaundice occur during the first 24 hours of life. C) Blood incompatibilities between mother and infant blood are common. D) Physiologic jaundice occurs from a normal reduction in red blood cells.

D) Physiologic jaundice occurs from a normal reduction in red blood cells.

Which information should the practical nurse (PN) provide the parents about the purpose of instilling erythromycin (Ilotycin) ophthalmic ointment into the newborn's eyes? A) Prevents the infant's eyelids from sticking together. B) Destroys Staphylococcus overgrowth in eye exudate after birth. C) Prevents obstruction of the infant's tear ducts. D) Prophylactic treatment for gonorrheal and chlamydia infection.

D) Prophylactic treatment for gonorrheal and chlamydia infection.

The practical nurse (PN) receives four new admissions in an assisted living community. After reviewing the clients' medical histories, which client should the PN evaluate for a higher caloric diet? A) A client with osteoporosis. B) A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. C) A client with rheumatoid arthritis. D) A client with bacterial pneumonia.

D) A client with bacterial pneumonia.

A multiparous client's membranes rupture after 8 hours of labor. Which action should the practical nurse implement at this time? A) Notify the client's healthcare provider. B) Prepare the client for imminent birth. C) Document the characteristics of the fluid. D) Assess the fetal heart rate (FHR) and pattern.

D) Assess the fetal heart rate (FHR) and pattern.

The practical nurse (PN) is discussing aspects of newborn hygiene with the new parents as they prepare for discharge. Which information should the PN provide? A) Cleanse the ears and nose with cotton-tipped swabs. B) Wash the baby's head once a week. C) Begin tub baths when the cord is dried. D) Create a draft-free environment when bathing the baby.

D) Create a draft-free environment when bathing the baby.

A primigravida client who is at 39-weeks gestation arrives at the clinic and tells the practical nurse (PN) she is having contractions every 5 minutes. The healthcare provider determines she is dilated 3 cm and in early labor. What action should the practical nurse (PN) implement when the client groans with each contraction? A) Assist the client to the bathroom to void. B) Give a prescribed narcotic analgesic. C) Document the maternal vital signs. D) Demonstrate simple relaxation measures.

D) Demonstrate simple relaxation measures.

The practical nurse (PN) is reinforcing the teaching to a pregnant client about her dietary needs. What amount of protein grams/day should the PN recommend that the client add to her daily diet? A) Add 50 grams/day to each meal. B) Divide pregnant weight by 2 equals protein needs. C) Add 15 grams/day to each meal. D) Divide pre-pregnant weight by 2 equals protein needs.

D) Divide pre-pregnant weight by 2 equals protein needs.

The practical nurse (PN) is assessing a client 2 hours after a vaginal delivery of a 7-pound 3-ounce newborn and determines the client's bladder is distended. Which additional finding should the PN report to the charge nurse? A) Multiple straight catheterizations during labor. B) Fundus is 3 cm below the umbilicus. C) Inability to initiate the urinary stream. D) Excessive bleeding on the perineal pad.

D) Excessive bleeding on the perineal pad.