HESI Practice Questions
The nurse plans to administer 10 mcg/kg of digoxin elixir as a loading dose to a child who weights 55 pounds. Digoxin is available as elixir of 50 mcg/ml. How many ml of the digoxin elixir should the nurse administer to this child?
5 mL
A boy, age 3, develops a fever and rash and is diagnosed with rubella. His mother has just given birth to a baby girl. Which statement by the mother best indicates that she understands the implications of rubella?
"I'll call my neighbor who's 2 months pregnant and tell her not to have contact with my son."
A teenage mother brings her 1-year-old child to the pediatrician's office for a well-baby checkup. She says that her infant can't sit alone or roll over. An appropriate response by the nurse would be:
"Let's see about further developmental testing."
A child with iron deficiency anemia is ordered ferrous sulfate (Ferralyn), an oral iron supplement. When teaching the child and parent how to administer this preparation, the mother asks why she needs to mix the supplement with citrus juice. Which response by the nurse is best?
"The vitamin C in the citrus juice helps with iron absorption."
A 3-month-old infant just had a cleft lip and palette repair. To prevent trauma to the operative site, the nurse should:
. place the infant's arms in soft elbow restraints.
An infant who weighs 7.5 kg is to receive ampicillin (Omnipen) 25 mg/kg I.V. every 6 hours. How many milligrams should the nurse administer per dose? Record your answer using one decimal place.
187.5 milligrams
A child who weights 25 kg is receiving IV ampicillin 300 mg/kg/24 hours in equally divided doses every 4 hours. How many mg should the nurse administer to the child for each dose?
1875 mg
Intraosseous infusion of a medication would be most appropriate for which child?
A 2-year-old child with a ruptured spleen and hypovolemia
The nurse is evaluating diet teaching for a client who has nontropical sprue (celiac disease). Choosing which food indicates that the teaching has been effective? A. Creamed corn. B. Pancakes. C. Rye crackers. D. Cooked oatmeal.
A. Creamed corn.
A 6 year old who has asthma is demonstrating a prolonged expiratory phase and wheezing and has a35% of personal best peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) based on these finding, actions should the nurse take first?
Administer a prescribed bronchodilator
A two year old child with a heart failure (HF) is admitted for replacement of a graft for coarctation of the aorta. Prior to administering the next dose of digoxin (Lanoxin) the nurse obtains an apical heart rate of 128 bpm. What action should the nurse implement?
Administer the scheduled dose
A child with leukemia is admitted for Chemotherapy and the nursing diagnosis "altered nutrition, less those body requirements related to anorexia, nausea and vomiting" is identified. Which intervention the nurse included in this child plan of care?
Allow the child to eat any food desired and tolerated
When assessing the breath sounds of an 18 month old child who is crying, what action should the nurse take?
Allow the child to initially play with stethoscope, and distract during auscultation
Which item in the care plan for a toddler with a seizure disorder should a nurse revise?
Arm restraints while asleep
The mother of an 11-month-old infant reports to the nurse that her infant sleeps much less than other children. The mother asks the nurse whether her infant is getting sufficient sleep. What should be the nurse's initial response?
Ask the mother for more information about the infant's sleep patterns.
The HR for a 3 year old with a congenital heart defect has steadily decreased over the last few hours, now it's 76 bpm, the previous reading 4 hours ago was 110 bpm. Which additional finding should be reported immediately to a healthcare provider?
BP 70/40
Which nursing intervention is most important to assist in detecting hypopituitarism and hyperpituitarism in children?
Carefully recording the height and weight of children to detect inappropriate growth
A toddler is receiving an infusion of total parenteral nutrition via a Broviac catheter. As the child plays, the I.V. tubing becomes disconnected from the catheter. What should the LPN/LVN do first?
Clamp the catheter
A 13-year-old girl is being evaluated for possible Crohn's disease. The nurse expects to prepare her for which diagnostic study?
Colonoscopy with biopsy
The nurse is assessing a 6 month old infant. Which response requires further evaluation by the nurse?
Demonstrate startle reflex
2 year old is admitted to the hospital with possible encephalitis, and a lumbar puncture is scheduled. Which information should the nurse provide this child concerning the procedure?
Describe the side-lying, knees to chest position that must be assumed during the procedure.
When screening a 5 year old for strabismus, what action should the nurse take?
Direct the child through the six cardinal position of glaze
The mother of a 9 month old who was diagnosed with respiratory syncytial virus yesterday calls the clinic to inquire if it will be all right to take her infant to the first b-day party of a friend's child the following day. What response should the nurse provide this mother?
Do not expose other children to RSV. It is very contagious even without direct contact
A 4 month-old girl is brought to the clinic by her mother because she has had a cold for 2 o 3 days and woke up this morning with a hacking cough and difficulty breathing. Which additional assessment finding should alert the nurse that the child is in acute respiratory distress?
Flaring of the nares
An 8-year-old child has just returned from the operating room after having a tonsillectomy. The nurse is preparing to do a postoperative assessment. The nurse should be alert for which signs and symptoms of bleeding? Select all that apply
Frequent clearing of the throat Frequent swallowing Bright red vomitus
During a well baby visit the parents explain that a soft bulge appears in the groin of their 4 month old son when he cries or strain stooling. The infant is schedule for surgical repair of the inguinal; hernia in two weeks. The parent should be instructed to take which measure if the hernia becomes incarcerated prior to the surgery?
Gently manipulate the hernia for reduction
The nurse plans to screen only the highest risk children for scoliosis. Which group of children should the nurse screen first
Girls between ages 10 and 14
When assessing a child for impetigo, the nurse expects which assessment findings?
Honey-colored, crusted lesions
A 16 y/o female student with a history of asthma controlled with both an oral antihistamine and an albuterol (Provenfil) metered-dose inhaler (MDI) comes to the school nurse. The student complains that she cannot sleep at night, feels shaky and her heart feels like it is "beating a mile per minute" Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?
How often the MDI is used daily
Which statement by a school aged client going to summer camp indicates the best understanding of the mode of transmission of Lyme disease?
I have to wear long sleeves and pants when we're hiking around the pond
A LPN/LVN is providing care to a 5-year-old child with a fractured femur whose nursing diagnosis is Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements. Which change is most likely to occur with this condition?
Increased carbohydrate need
The nurse on a pediatric unit observes a distraught mother in the hallway scolding her 3 year old son for wetting his pants. What initial action should the nurse take?
Inform the mother that toilet training is slower for boys
A 4-year-old has just returned from surgery. He has a nasogastric (NG) tube in place and is attached to intermittent suction. The child says to the nurse, "I'm going to throw up." What should the nurse do first?
Irrigate the NG tube to ensure patency.
A child, age 5, is diagnosed with chronic renal failure. When teaching the parents about diet therapy, the nurse should instruct them to restrict which foods from the child's diet?
Meats
A child admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis is demonstrating Kussmaul respirations. The nurse determines that the increased respiratory rate is a compensatory mechanism for which acid base alteration?
Metabolic acidosis
The nurse is assessing an infant with pyloric stenosis. Which pathophysiological mechanism is the most likely consequence of this infant's clinical picture?
Metabolic alkalosis
The nurse is caring for an infant scheduled for reduction of intussusceptions. The day before the scheduled procedure the infant passes a soft-formed brown stool. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Notify the healthcare provider of the passage of brown stool.
A 6-year-old child is admitted to the pediatric unit for evaluation of recurrent abdominal pain. The child has been admitted to the pediatric unit with similar complaints several times in the past few months. The child's symptoms are vague, yet his mother provides detailed information about the problem. The nurse is suspicious of the situation. What should the LPN/LVN do next?
Notify the physician and request assistance from the interdisciplinary team.
During a well-baby check, the nurse hides a block under the baby's blanket, and the baby looks for the block. Which normal growth and development milestone is the baby developing?
Object permanence
A 16 year old male client who has been treated in the past for a seizure disorder is admitted to the hospital. Immediately after admission he begins to have a grand mal seizure. Which action should the nurse take?
Observe him carefully
A child with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) who is receiving chemotherapy via a subclavian IV infusion, has an oral temperature of 103 degrees. In assessing the IV site, the nurse determines that there are no signs of infection at the site. Which intervention is the most important for the nurse to implement?
Obtain specimen for blood cultures.
The nurse is measuring the frontal occipital circumference (FOC) of a 3-months old infant, and notes that the FOC has increased 5 inches since birth and the child's head appears large in relation to body size. Which action is most important for the nurse to take next?
Palpate the anterior fontanel for tension and bulging.
An infant with tetralogy of Fallot becomes acutely cyanotic and hyperpneic. Which action should the nurse implement first?
Place the infant in a knee-chest position.
A 3 year old with HIV infection is staying with a foster family who is caring for 3 other foster children in their home. When one of the children acquires pertussis, the foster mother calls the clinic and asks the nurse what she should do. Which action should the nurse take first?
Review the immunization documentation of the child who has HIV
The nurse is caring for a 3-year old child who is 2 hours post-op from a cardiac catheterization via the right femoral artery. Which assessment finding is an indication of arterial obstruction?
Right foot is cool to the touch and appears pale and blanched.
A female adolescent client refuses to allow male nurses to care for her while she's hospitalized. Which of these health care rights is this adolescent exerting?
Right to privacy
A child is admitted with a tentative diagnosis of clinical depression. Which assessment finding is most significant in confirming this diagnosis?
Sadness
The nurse working on the pediatric unit takes two 8-year old girls to the playroom. Which activity is best for the nurse to plan for these girls?
Selecting a board game
7 years old is admitted to the hospital with persistent vomiting, and a nasogastric tube attached too low intermittent suction is applied. Which finding is most important for the nurse to report to the healthcare provider?
Serum potassium of 3.0 mg/dL.
Following a motor vehicle collision, a 3-year old girl has a spica cast applied. Which toy is best for the nurse for this 3 year old child?
Set of cloth and hand puppets.
A child is suspected of having amblyopia ("lazy eye"). To help diagnose this disorder, this child will undergo which test?
Snellen's test
The nurse is assessing an infant with diarrhea and lethargy. Which finding should the nurse identify that is consistent with early dehydration?
Tachycardia
A 10-year-old child diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis is admitted to the pediatric unit. The nurse should ensure that which action is a part of the child's care?
Taking vital signs every 4 hours and obtaining daily weight
Prior to discharge, the parents of a child with cystic fibrosis are demonstrating chest physiotherapy (CPT) that they will perform for their child at home. Which action requires intervention by the nurse?
The child is placed in a supine position to begin percussion
While teaching a parenting class to new parents the nurse describes the needs of infants and toddlers regarding discipline and limit setting. What is the most important reason for implementing such parenting behaviors?
They provide the child with a sense of security.
The nurse is planning for a 5-month old with gastroesophageal reflux disease whose weight has decreased by 3 ounces since the last clinic visit one month ago. To increase caloric intake and decrease vomiting, what instructions should the nurse provide this mother?
Thicken formula with cereal for each feeding.
The parents of a 3 y/o boy who has Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) ask "how can our son have this disease? We are wondering if we should have any more children" What information should the nurse provide these parents?
This is an inherited X-linked recessive disorder, which primarily affects male children in the family
A LPN/LVN is caring for a 9-year-old child who has a grave prognosis http://www.nursingtestsbank.store. @etsy @NursingTestsBank after receiving a closed injury from being struck by a car. Which health team member should approach the family about organ donation?
Transplant coordinator
When developing a care plan for a child, the nurse identifies which Eriksonian stage as corresponding to Freud's oral stage of psychosexual development?
Trust versus mistrust
The mother of a 4-month old asks the nurse for advice in preventing diaper rash. What suggestion should the nurse provide?
Use a barrier cream, such as zinc oxide, which does not have to be completely removed with each diaper change
A child, age 5, has acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and is receiving induction chemotherapy consisting of vincristine (Oncovin), asparaginase (Lasparaginase [Elspar]), and prednisone (Deltasone). When teaching the parents about the adverse effects of this regimen, the nurse should stress the importance of promptly reporting:
blindness
An 8-month-old infant is admitted to the pediatric unit following a fall from his high chair. The child is awake, alert, and crying. The nurse should know that a brain injury is more severe in children because of:
cerebral hyperemia.
When developing a care plan for an adolescent, the nurse considers the child's psychosocial needs. During adolescence, psychosocial development focuses on:
establishing an identity
An infant, age 10 months, is brought to the well-baby clinic for a followup visit. The mother tells the nurse that she has been having trouble feeding her infant solid foods. To help correct this problem, the nurse should:
instruct the mother to place the food at the back and toward the side of the infant's mouth.
A child's physician orders a drug for home use. Before the child is discharged, the nurse should:
provide the family with the drug's name, dosage, route, and frequency of administration
A 14-year-old adolescent with type 1 diabetes checks his blood glucose level at 9:00 p.m. before going to bed. It has been 4 hours since his dinner and his regular insulin dose. His blood glucose level is 60 mg/dl, and he states that he feels a little shaky. What should the nurse suggest?
A bedtime snack of an 8-oz glass of milk and graham crackers with peanut butter
A LPN/LVN is assessing a severely depressed adolescent. Which finding indicates a risk of suicide?
A preoccupation with death
An 18-month-old boy is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of celiac disease. What finding would the LPN/LVN expect in this child?
A protuberant abdomen
A 7 year old child is admitted to the hospital with acute glomerulonephritis (AGN). When obtaining the nursing history which finding should the nurse expect to obtain?
A recent strep throat infection
When administering gentamicin (Garamicin) to a preschooler, which monitoring schedule is best for determining the drug's effectiveness?
A serum trough and peak level around the third dose
The nurse observes a mother giving her 11 month-old ferrous sulfate, followed by two ounces of orange juice. What should the nurse do next?
Give positive feedback about the way she administered the sulfate
An 11-year-old child contracted severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) when traveling abroad with her parents. The nurse knows she must put on personal protective equipment to protect herself while providing care. Based on the mode of SARS transmission, which personal protective equipment should the LPN/LVN wear?
Gown, gloves, mask, and eye goggles or eye shield
The nurse is developing the plan of care for a hospitalized child with von Willebrand disease. What priority nursing intervention should be included in this child plan of care
Guard against bleeding injuries
While auscultating the lung sounds of a 5 year old Chinese boy who recently completed antibiotic therapy for pneumonia, the nurse notices symmetrical, round, bruise-like blemishes on his chest. What action is best for the nurse to take?
Inquire about the use of alternative methods of treatment.
A mother tells the nurse that her preschool-age daughter with spina bifida sneezes and gets a rash when playing with brightly colored balloons, and that recently she had an allergic reaction after eating kiwifruit and bananas. The LPN/LVN would suspect that the child may have an allergy to:
Latex
The nurse is evaluating the effects of thyroid therapy used to treat a 5 months old with hypothyroidism. Which behavior indicates that the treatment has been effective?
Laughs readily, turns from back to side.
A LPN/LVN is reviewing a teaching plan with parents of an infant undergoing repair for a cleft lip. Which instructions are the most appropriate for the nurse to give? Select all that apply.
Lay the infant on his back or side to sleep. Sit the infant up for each feeding. Clean the suture line after each feeding by dabbing it with saline solution. Give the infant extra care and support
Which drink choice on a hot day indicates to the nurse that a teenager with sickle cell anemia understands dietary consideration related to the disease?
Lemonade
A two year old boy begins to cry when the mother starts to leave. What is the nurse's best response in this situation?
Let me read this book to you
A LPN/LVN observes a 2½-year-old child playing with another child of the same age in the playroom on the pediatric unit. What type of play should the nurse expect the children to engage in?
Parallel play
A LPN/LVN is developing a plan to teach a mother how to reduce her infant's risk of developing otitis media. Which direction should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Place the infant in an upright position when giving a bottle
The nurse is preparing a 10 year old with a lacerated forehead for suturing. Both parents and 12 year old sibling are at the child's bedside. Which instruction best supports family?
Please decide who will stay when the healthcare provider begins suturing.
The nurse is assessing a child for neurological soft signs, which finding is most likely demonstrated in the child's behavior?
Poor coordination and sense of position
An emergency department nurse suspects neglect in a 3-year-old boy admitted for failure to thrive. Signs of neglect in the child would include:
Poor hygiene and weight loss.
The mother of a one month old calls the clinic to report that the back of her infant is flat. How should the nurse respond?
Position the infant on the stomach occasionally when awake and active
Which finding in a 3-year-old child with acute renal failure requires immediate follow-up?
Potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L
A school nurse is evaluating a 7-year-old child who is having an asthma attack. The child is cyanotic and unable to speak, with decreased breath sounds and shallow respirations. Based on these physical findings, the nurse should first:
Prepare to ventilate the child.
A child is brought to the clinic complaining of fever and joins pain, and is DX with rheumatic fever. When planning care for this child what is the goal of nursing care?
Prevent cardia damage
When making ethical decisions about caring for preschoolers, a nurse should remember to:
Provide beneficial care and avoid harming the child
A LPN/LVN notes that an infant develops arm movement before finemotor finger skills and interprets this as an example of which pattern of development?
Proximodistal
A LPN/LVN is conducting an infant nutrition class for parents. Which foods are appropriate to introduce during the first year of life? Select all that apply.
Pureed fruits Rice cereal Strained vegetables
A LPN/LVN is planning care for a 10-year-old child in the acute phase of rheumatic fever. Which activity is most appropriate for the nurse to schedule in the care plan?
Reading books
In assessing a 10 year old newly diagnosed with osteomyelitis, which information is most for the nurse to obtain
Recent recurrence of infections
The parents of a newborn infant with hypospadia are concerned about when the surgical correction should occur. What information should the nurse provide?
Repairs typically should be done before the child is potty trained.
How should the nurse instruct the parents of a 4 month old with seborrheic dermatitis (cradle cap) to shampoo the child's hair?
Use a soft brush and gently scrub the area
A 3 year old boy in a daycare facility scratches his head frequently and the nurse confirms the presence if head lice. The nurse washes the child's hair with permethrin (Nix) shampoo and call his parents. What instructions should the nurse provide to the parents about treatment of head lice?
Wash the child's bed linens and clothing In hot soapy water
Which nursing intervention is most important to include in the plan of care for a child with acute glomerulonephritis?
Weigh the child daily
Which intervention provides the most accurate information about an infant's hydration status?
Weighing the infant daily
A 4-month-old infant is taken to the pediatrician by his parents because they're concerned about his frequent respiratory infections, poor feeding habits, frequent vomiting, and colic. The physician notes that the infant has failed to gain expected weight and recommends that the infant have a sweat test performed to detect possible cystic fibrosis. To prepare the parents for the test, the nurse should explain that:
a low-intensity, painless electrical current is applied to the skin.
An 8-year-old child is suspected of having meningitis. Signs of meningitis include:
Kernig's sign.
