HIST 1302 Final
Of the over 110000 Japanese-descended Americans who were detained in internment camps approximately how many were American citizens? a) Zero b) 25000 c) 50000 d) 70000
70000
Why was Douglas MacArthur removed from command? a) His defensive tactics frustrated an impatient President Truman b) He was publicly insubordinate to the Commander in Chief c) He refused to attack Chinese forces because of a fear of starting World War II d) He refused to recognize the cease-fire
He was publicly insubordinate to the Commander in Chief
Before turning to military expansionism Japanese leaders were also considering which of the following strategies? a) Pro-western trade alliances b) Communism c) Pan-Asian anti-colonialism d) Pacifist isolationism
Pan-Asian anti-colonialism
Who first challenged segregation on buses? a) Emmett Till b) Mary-Louise Smith c) Rosa Parks d) Sarah Keys
Sarah Keys
What did the War Powers Resolution require of the President? a) to go before the public and justify U.S. military action b) to address a joint session of Congress and ask for authorization to use military force c) to report to Congress every sixty days about any ongoing military operation d) to ask the House Armed Services Committee for permission to use military force
to report to Congress every sixty days about any ongoing military operation
Britain and France declared war on Germany after which invasion? a) Seizure of the Sudetenland b) Invasion of Poland c) Seizure of the remaining territory in Czechoslovakia d) Annexation of Austria
Invasion of Poland
Nixon called his strategy for having South Vietnam take over the war effort so the U.S. could withdraw: a) winning the peace b) steady withdraw c) Vietnamization d) Operation Tonkin
Vietnamization
Why did Nixon authorize air strikes on neutral Cambodia? a) Cambodia entered the war on behalf of North Vietnam in 1970 b) a communist government took over in Cambodia c) there was evidence Cambodia supported the Tet Offensive in 1968 d) the North Vietnamese were using the country to stage attacks into South Vietnam
the North Vietnamese were using the country to stage attacks into South Vietnam
What was the "Nixon Doctrine?" a) A military policy of détente b) Commitment to the domino theory c) A renewed commitment to send American forces to military conflicts d) The use of militarized police forces to end urban riots
A military policy of détente
What did the Civil Rights Act of 1957 accomplish? a) Created a Civil Rights Commission in the Department of Justice to investigate claims of racial discrimination b) All of the above c) Legalized interracial marriage d) Demanded the integration of all public colleges and universities
Created a Civil Rights Commission in the Department of Justice to investigate claims of racial discrimination
Who first advocated the policy of containment? a) George Kennan b) Winston Churchill c) George Marshall d) Harry Truman
George Kennan
Why did Hitler stop the Blitz in June 1941? a) American efforts in southern Europe preoccupied Hitler b) Germany needed the resources of the Luftwaffe to invade the Soviet Union c) Germany was planning a land invasion of Britain d) Defeats in Africa forced a redeployment
Germany needed the resources of the Luftwaffe to invade the Soviet Union
President Johnson proposed the Voting Rights Act of 1965 partially in response to what event in Selma, Alabama? a) The jailing of Martin Luther King Jr. b) The assassination of Malcolm X c) Bombing of an African American church d) "Bloody Sunday" the beating of peaceful marchers by police officers
"Bloody Sunday" the beating of peaceful marchers by police officers
What was the Bonus Army? a) Bankers who were criticized in the press after receiving massive bonuses during the Great Depression b) A group of World War I veterans who petitioned the government to make an early payment on bonuses schedules to be released in 1945 c) The men under the command of General Douglas MacArthur who forcibly cleared the Hooverville that had formed in Washington D.C. d) Hoover's team of financial advisers who designed the Reconstruction Finance Corporation
A group of World War I veterans who petitioned the government to make an early payment on bonuses schedules to be released in 1945
Roosevelt tried to create relief for American farmers through the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA). What did the AAA do? a) Aimed to raise the prices of agricultural commodities by offering cash incentives to voluntarily limit farm production thereby increasing prices b) Banned the development of certain kinds of low yield high intensity crops that contributed to the ecological catastrophe of the Dust Bowl c) Dropped dozens of tariffs on low cost foreign agricultural products in an attempt to lower the price of food for American consumers d) Subsidized agricultural colleges to conduct research on improved agricultural techniques
Aimed to raise the prices of agricultural commodities by offering cash incentives to voluntarily limit farm production thereby increasing prices
How did federal housing programs discriminate against Americans of color? a) Redlining neighborhoods that included Americans of color b) Claiming that Americans of color were at a greater risk of defaulting on FHA loans c) Creating self-fulfilling prophecies that racially integrated neighborhoods would have depreciating home values d) All of the above
All of the above
What was the result of Brown v. Board of Education? a) Ruled against segregated public schools b) Overturned the legal logic of Plessy v. Ferguson c) Extended the reach of the Fourteenth Amendment d) All of the above
All of the above
Which of the following advantages did the Soviet Union achieve during the Cold War? a) Launched the first orbiting satellite b) Create the first intercontinental ballistic missile c) Sending the first human into orbit d) All of the above
All of the above
Which of the following most accurately describes religious commitment during the early Cold War years? a)Americans attended church at higher rates than in any time in American history b) The Pledge of Allegiance was modified in 1954 c) Anti-Catholicism and Anti-Semitism declined in the United States d) All of the above
All of the above
What was FDR's "court-packing scheme" a) An attempt to unseat justices who ruled that the NRA was unconstitutional b) An economic agenda that created the "Roosevelt Recession" c) An attempt to appoint up to six new justices who would be friendly to his interests d) The use of legal language in legislation to nullify the ability of the Supreme Court to overrule new proposed programs
An attempt to appoint up to six new justices who would be friendly to his interests
How does MLK define an unjust law? a) An unjust law is a law that does not apply or affect everyone equally b) An unjust law goes against the Bible c) An unjust law is unconstitutional d) An unjust law is passed by the minority, not the majority
An unjust law is a law that does not apply or affect everyone equally
The United States responded to Japanese aggression in the Pacific with the 1940 American Neutrality Act. What did this Act attempt to do? a) Applying economic pressure to Japan to deter military expansion b) Maintain American diplomatic relations with both the Chinese and Japanese c) Encourage greater economic cooperation with Japan in the hopes of deterring further aggression d) Enable American arms build up under the deceiving title of neutrality
Applying economic pressure to Japan to deter military expansion
How did President Eisenhower attempt to prevent a Soviet Attack on the United States a) By creating a satellite-based missile shield b) By promising "massive retaliation" and appealing to the logic of "mutually-assured destruction" c) All of the above d) Issuing a policy of détente to increase diplomatic cooperation
By promising "massive retaliation" and appealing to the logic of "mutually-assured destruction"
All of the following events related to the Korean War are true EXCEPT a) The United Nations established the 38th Parallel as the boundary between North and South Korea b) China sent nearly one million soldiers to repulse the UN-backed attack c) Communist forces took Seoul d) An armistice was never officially signed
China sent nearly one million soldiers to repulse the UN-backed attack
Upon assuming office how did Roosevelt respond to the collapsing bank system? a) Closed all banks until the economy recovered from the Great Depression b) Waited for the Glass-Steagall Banking Act to take effect in June and then enforced new regulation c) Invested major public funds on the day after his inauguration to stabilize the banking systems d) Declared a bank holiday and then pushed through the Emergency Banking Act
Declared a bank holiday and then pushed through the Emergency Banking Act
Louisiana Senator Huey long criticized Roosevelt's New Deal programs for _____________ a) Failing to redistribute wealth b) Falling into a Jewish plot to destroy the United States c) Expanding the power of the presidency over the control of d) Congress Damaging American business through high taxes
Failing to redistribute wealth
The environmental catastrophe of the Great Depression was partly the result of agricultural mismanagement. Which of the following was the most consequential example of this mismanagement? a) Farmers plowed up natural ground cover to grow more crops that had taken ages to form in the relatively dry states of Plains b) Creating excessive windbreaks which ironically enhanced windstorms c) Insufficient irrigation d) Excessive fertilization that poisoned groundwater
Farmers plowed up natural ground cover to grow more crops that had taken ages to form in the relatively dry states of Plains
Why was MLK arrested in Birmingham? a) For insulting the mayor of Birmingham b) For participating in a non-violent demonstration against segregation c) For kneeling during the national anthem at a University of Alabama football game d) For breaking the city's curfew
For participating in a non-violent demonstration against segregation
What was the consequence of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff of 1930? a) International trade collapsed b) Loosened banking regulation to increase financial liquidity c) Increased American exports d) Lowered prices on international goods
International trade collapsed
Joseph McCarthy first achieved national prominence in February 1950 by waving a piece of paper that he claimed included 205 communists currently working in what capacity? a) New York bankers b) Hollywood executives c) Military officers d) Members of the Department of State
Members of the Department of State
Which of the following statements regarding immigration during the Great Depression is true? a) Herbert Hoover created a federal program to attract Mexican laborers willing to work in low paying agricultural jobs b) The number of European visas remained constant while Mexican visas dropped c) The Mexican-born population living in Texas more than doubled during the Great Depression d) More people left the United States than entered it during the Great Depression
More people left the United States than entered it during the Great Depression
How did the United States respond to the independence movement in Vietnam? a) Encouraged independence with the aid of military advisers b) Sent troops to support Vietnamese independence c) Opposed Vietnamese independence and supported French attempts to retain its colonial control d) Avoided the issue because of the spread of isolationism
Opposed Vietnamese independence and supported French attempts to retain its colonial control
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 focused on what primary issue a) Desegregating schools b) Protecting voting rights c) Racially integrating the armed forces d) Outlawing discrimination in housing
Outlawing discrimination in housing
How did the Federal Reserve respond to the financial collapse? a) Raised interest rates but increased subsidies for lenders b) Flooded the market with low interest rates increasing inflation c) The Federal Reserve did not take any consequential action d) Over-corrected by raising interest rates and tightening credit
Over-corrected by raising interest rates and tightening credit
Which of the following actions was part of President Roosevelt's three- pronged strategy during his first hundred days in office? a) Waiting to offer relief to the unemployed until most of his reforms had gone into effect b) Paying farmers "subsidies" to raise commodity prices" c) Forbidding unions from playing a part in economic recovery Reforming the global economy to prevent another Great Depression d) Aiding European governments abroad
Paying farmers "subsidies" to raise commodity prices"
What did the Works Progress Administration do? a) Put unemployed men and women to work on projects designed and proposed by local government b) Dismantled the first public housing program in favor of privatizing low income housing c) Coordinated employment through a new bureaucracy in attempt to discourage racial discrimination in hiring d) Gave grants to private corporations to build new manufacturing plants thereby creating new manufacturing jobs
Put unemployed men and women to work on projects designed and proposed by local government
What was the intention of the War Powers Resolution? a) Reform the selective service process to prevent draft dodging b) Reduce the president's ability to wage war without congressional consent c) Fund military expenditures through raising taxes as a means of preventing deficit spending d) Creating regulation to monitor the Military Industrial Complex heeding the warnings of President Eisenhower
Reduce the president's ability to wage war without congressional consent
All of the following are true about the Gulf of Tonkin incident and the ensuing resolution EXCEPT a) Served as justification for the assasination of Ngo Diem b) The resolution authorized the president to send bombs and troops into Vietnam c) The Johnson administration distorted the incident to provide a pretext for escalating American involvement in Vietnam d) Resulted from a minor naval conflict
Served as justification for the assasination of Ngo Diem
Which group of Americans benefited the least from the economic changes of the 1920s? a) Northern bankers b) Southern farmers c) Female educators d) Unionized manufacturing laborers
Southern farmers
Which Allied nation was the first to reach Berlin? a) United States b) Soviet Union c) Great Britain d) A coordinated attack from all three nations took the capital city
Soviet Union
Which of the following best characterized German military tactics a) Small detachments of marching troops b) Speed and maneuverability c) Emphasis on fortifications d) Guerilla warfare
Speed and maneuverability
Who organized the first sit-ins? a) Members of the Communist Party b) NAACP c) Students d) Churches
Students
Which of the following nations were not a part of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)? a) England b) Sweden c) France d) Italy
Sweden
What was the most dramatic result of the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act? a) The creation of a national minimum wage b) Suspended collective bargaining rights for unions in industries deemed essential for national security c) Created a vast physical infrastructure of roads highways and rail lines to fuel economic development in the South d) The suspension of a minimum wage in attempt to encourage hiring
The creation of a national minimum wage
What prompted President Roosevelt to pass Executive Order 8802? a) The desperate need to fill wartime jobs b) The planned march on Washington led by Philip Randolph c) FDR supported integration early in his campaign and the war gave him the opportunity to pursue that agenda d) The lynching of three black naval officers
The planned march on Washington led by Philip Randolp
The Articles of Impeachment of 1974 accused Nixon charged Nixon with each of the following offenses EXCEPT: a) Contempt of Congress b) Obstruction of justice c) Treason d) Abuse of power
Treason
What happened at My Lai? a) The Vietnamese launched the Tet Offensive b) U.S. troops massacred hundreds of civilians c) An American ship was fired upon leading to the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution d) An American journalist was killed increasing opposition to the war
U.S. troops massacred hundreds of civilians
What do the white leaders of Bimingham call MLK, according to his letter? a) the N-word b) an outside agitator c) a radical d) a communist
an outside agitator
For Hebert Hoover, rugged individualism meant that people should be: a) physically strong and healthy b) their true selves c) concerned for the welfare of others d) self-reliant
self-reliant
What is the definition of Herbert Hoover's "Associationalism?" a) A belief that self-interest and greed are the surest routes to innovation and economic growth b) A system where business would voluntarily limit harmful business practices for the greater economic good c) The use of Progressive Era regulation to protect workers and consumers d) An adaption of European socialism designed to redistribute wealth
A system where business would voluntarily limit harmful business practices for the greater economic good
Why was Emmett Till murdered? a) Allegedly whistling at a white woman b) Refusing to give up a bus seat to a white woman c) Sneaking into a movie theater with a white girlfriend d) Protesting segregation in Mississippi public schools
Allegedly whistling at a white woman
Hitler and Mussolini helped to topple which government in Spain? a) Fascists b) Communists c) Christian Democrats d) Nationalists
Communists
In the essay, "US Isolationism and WWII, Grant Weller's argument is that Ameican isolationism after WWI a) Aided the U.S. economy b) Kept America safe c) Helped bring on World War II d) Allowed the U.S. to tackle its internal, domestic problems
Helped bring on World War II
According to the essay, "US Isolationism and WWII," what was one major consequence of American isolationism? a) It allowed the U.S. to maintain friendly relations with both the British and the Germans b) It helped end the Great Depression c) It strengthed the U.S.-British alliance, which was crucial when WWII began d) It forced the British to adopt a policy of appeasement toward German aggression
It forced the British to adopt a policy of appeasement toward German aggression
What did the Securities and Exchange Commission do? a) It allowed for unlicensed stock brokers. b) It instituted a four day bank holiday. c) It made speculation illegal. d) It set up the Wall Street Stock Exchange. e) It regulated the trading and insurance of stocks and bonds
It regulated the trading and insurance of stocks and bonds
Which of the following actions did FDR take to advance civil rights for African Americans? a) Abolished the poll tax b) Ensured that African American farm workers had access to Social Security c) Created a federal sentencing law to prosecute perpetrators of lynching d) None of these occurred
None of these occurred
What initially sparked the 1973 energy crisis? a) Price manipulation by American oil companies b) Public panic over the Watergate scandal c) Environmental legislation that eliminated old coal-fired power plants d) OPEC's embargo of oil exports to the United States in retaliation for American intervention in the Middle East
OPEC's embargo of oil exports to the United States in retaliation for American intervention in the Middle East
Which of the following did the Second New Deal focus on? a) Preparations for the Second World War b) Industry reforms c) Programs to aid the old and infirm d) Increased taxes for the middle class e) A reduction in taxes on the wealthy
Programs to aid the old and infirm
Information about the My Lai massacre came from this whistle blower: a) Pfc Michael Terry b) Sargent Larry La Croix c) Ron Ridenhour d) Lieutenant Kally
Ron Ridenhour
After the attack on Pearl Harbor the United States suffered a setback in the Pacific. What was that setback? a) Defeat at Guadalcanal b) The surrender of American forces in the Philippines c) Sinking of eight American battleships off the coast of the Solomon Islands d) Defeat at the Battle of Midway
The surrender of American forces in the Philippines
The scandal that eventually led to President Nixon's resignation was called: a) Watergate b) The Stonewall Riots c) Deflate-gate d) The My Lai Massacre
Watergate
Why does MLK say he has come to Birmingham? a) to attend a Baptist National Convention b) he wanted to meet with the city's KKK group c) because injustice is there d) he heard the weather was nice
because injustice is there
According to the document, "Lend-Lease," the Lend-Lease program a) was very popular with the American people b) greatly increased executive power c) expanded congressional power d) provided aid mainly to Germany
greatly increased executive power
Which of the following contributed to the isolationist mood of the U.S. during WWI and WWII? a) The rise of the consumer culture b) the belief that the U.S. had been tricked into entering WWI c) the feeing that America should address its own problems first d) The effects of the Great Depression
the belief that the U.S. had been tricked into entering WWI
According to the essay, "US Isolationism and WWII," the fundamental postulate of isolationism was a) staying out of other countries business b) to be the world's police c) absolute withdrawal behind the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans d) the belief that the U.S. should have maximum independence and freedom in its foreign policy
the belief that the U.S. should have maximum independence and freedom in its foreign policy