HIST 1302 Units 7&8 (28-37)
FDR said that "the only thing we have to fear, is":
"fear itself"
What did the governments of Italy and Germany have in common by the 1930s?
A) Both had established Fascist forms of government.
In November 1941:
A) Congress passed legislation that allowed the arming of merchant ships
In the presidential election of 1944:
A) Franklin Roosevelt won a fourth term as president
Which statement best describes the Native American experience in the armed forces during World War II?
A) Indian servicemen were integrated into regular units.
Which statement best describes the Allied invasion against Sicily in July 1943?
A) Sicily had fallen entirely into the Allied hands in just over a month.
What helped the Allies gain the advantage in the Battle of the Atlantic?
A) The Allies decoded German messages that indicated where the U-boats were.
High tariff rates, like those implemented by the United States during the 1920s, have what impact on international trade?
A) They tend to hinder international trade by making imported goods costlier and therefore less appealing to consumers.
The Potsdam Declaration:
A) demanded that Japan surrender or face "prompt and utter destruction"
During the 1920s, American global interests such as international trade and investment:
A) expanded and prevented the United States from entirely withdrawing from the world, despite strong isolationist sentiment
President Roosevelt was hesitant to intervene in the Spanish Civil War because:
A) he wanted to keep the fight localized
As a result of World War II, presidential authority in the United States:
A) increased dramatically at the expense of congressional and state power
In June 1941, Germany widened the war by:
A) invading the Soviet Union
The Nye committee:
A) investigated and criticized the role that bankers and munitions makers played in America's entry into World War I
The zoot-suit riots of 1943 refer to:
A) the violent conflict in Los Angeles that pitted white civilians and servicemen against Mexican Americans
The offensives Italy launched in 1940 against Greece and British forces in Egypt:
A) went poorly and required German assistance
All of the following Pacific engagements helped turn the tide of war against Japan in 1943 and 1944 EXCEPT the:
B) Battle of the Bulge
All of the following statements about the German blitzkrieg of spring 1940 are true, EXCEPT:
B) Germany carefully avoided attacks on neutral nations and only targeted professed enemies
During the Spanish Civil War:
B) Hitler and Mussolini helped the armed uprising led by Francisco Franco
What was the most significant consequence of the Battle of Leyte Gulf?
B) The Japanese lost their remaining sea power and ability to defend the Philippines.
Which of the following statements about the European war between June 1940 and June 1941 is true?
B) The Nazi juggernaut appeared unstoppable.
Through the lend-lease bill, passed in March 1934, "any country whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States":
B) could receive military equipment, supplies, and other necessary materials even if that country lacked the funds to pay for those items
The Great Depression and the economic struggles it caused during the early 1930s generally made Americans:
B) more isolationist in sentiment
The Kellogg-Briand Pact:
B) outlawed war as an instrument of national policy among the signatories
The Roosevelt administration's desire to renew diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union in 1933:
B) reflected an effort to increase foreign markets
During the summer of 1941, the United States attempted to restrain Japanese expansion by:
B) restricting oil exports to Japan and freezing Japanese assets in the United States
Most European nations defaulted on their war debt to the United States during what international crisis?
B) the Great Depression
Which of the following countries was NOT an Axis power by June 1941?
B) the Soviet Union
At the Battle of the Bulge:
B) the destruction of Germany's last reserve units left open the door to Germany's heartland from the west
Baseball was integrated in 1947 when Jackie Robinson played for the:
Brooklyn Dodgers
In early 1942, the biggest challenge the United States faced in the Atlantic was:
C) German submarine warfare
The passage of the lend-lease bill in 1941 signaled what about American opinion?
C) Isolationist strength was weakening.
Less than a month before the surrender of Germany:
C) President Roosevelt died in office
Which statement best describes the Soviets and the Yalta accords?
C) The Soviets violated many of the agreements they made at Yalta.
The use of atomic bombs against Japan had what significance?
C) They allowed the Americans to avoid an amphibious invasion of Japan.
British and American differences over where to attack Germany first were resolved with the decision to launch an offensive:
C) in North Africa
Following the declaration of war:
C) men between the ages of eighteen and forty-five were drafted
The Nine-Power Treaty pledged the signers to:
C) support the principle of the Open Door
All of the following statements about the Allied bombing of Germany during 1943 and 1944 are true EXCEPT:
C) the Allied bombing indisputably shattered civilian morale in Germany
The Axis's defeat and Germany's surrender included all of the following EXCEPT:
C) the Allied capture of Hitler's mistress, Eva Braun
Following the conclusion of World War II, the two most powerful nations in the world were:
C) the United States and the Soviet Union
All of the following statements about the Battle of Midway are true EXCEPT that:
C) the battle began with another Japanese surprise attack on American forces
The United States experienced a shock in 1949 when Communists took over:
China
By the spring of 1945, the United States and Britain were becoming deeply concerned over Soviet actions in:
Eastern Europe
Whose campaign song was "Happy Days Are Here Again"?
Franklin D. Roosevelt
The secretary of state who devised the plan of massive economic recovery aid to Europe was:
George Marshall
All of the following were original NATO members EXCEPT:
Japan
The literary work that best captured the ordeal of the Depression was The Grapes of Wrath by:
John Steinbeck
Codes of fair practice were part of:
NRA
This organization sought to set workplace standards, such as child labor restrictions:
NRA
The 1946 congressional elections resulted in:
Republican control of Congress
The person who benefited most from the outcome of the Hiss-Chambers case was:
Richard Nixon
As the 1948 election approached:
Truman seemed to be in deep political trouble
The 1948 election is probably best remembered for:
Truman's upset victory
By the end of 1937, which group had coalesced against the New Deal?
a bipartisan conservative blow
UN forces reaching the Yalu River brought about:
a massive Chinese intervention
During the 1948 presidential campaign, Truman endorsed all of the following EXCEPT:
abolishing Social Security
At the 1948 Democratic convention, Minneapolis mayor Hubert Humphrey urged his party to:
adopt a strong civil rights plank
The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947:
allowed the president to impose a "cooling-off" period during major strikes
The Indian Reorganization Act:
attempted to reinvigorate traditional Indian cultures
The "sit-down strike" was used successfully in 1937 by:
automobile workers
In regard to Israel's founding in 1948, the United States:
became the first country to recognize the Jewish state
President Truman vetoed the McCarran Internal Security Act:
because he felt it promoted thought control
The Korean War did all of the following EXCEPT:
bring about major changes in boundaries
The goal of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 was to raise farm income mainly through:
cutbacks in production
Huey Long:
developed a program called Share the Wealth
Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council:
each have veto power over major UN decisions
On the domestic front, President Truman soon made clear his intention to:
expand the New Deal
Senator McCarthy was very effective in:
exploiting public fears
Soviet and Communist activities in regard to Turkey and Greece were intended to:
gain the Soviets access to the Mediterranean
All of the following are true of Harry Truman EXCEPT that he:
had an Ivy League education
A major economic problem President Truman faced immediately after the war was:
high rates of inflation
In retrospect, the cold war was probably:
inevitable
In the 1948 campaign, the Dixiecrats did all of the following EXCEPT:
influence Truman to slow down on civil rights
All of the following is true of the National Youth Administration EXCEPT:
it was the parent organization for the CCC
Truman's response to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin in 1948 was to:
launch a massive airlift of supplies into West Berlin
To earn the federal payments for reducing crops:
many landowners took their leased lands out of production
Truman viewed his victory as a mandate for:
moderate liberalism
The Soviet acquisition of the atomic bomb in 1949 inspired Truman to:
order the development of a hydrogen bomb
The GI Bill did all of the following EXCEPT:
pay veterans large bonuses to remain in the military
The Yalta pledges of democratic elections in Eastern Europe:
proved to be meaningless
The main purpose of the Civilian Conservation Corps was to:
provide work relief for young men
One major reason that World War II inspired postwar changes in race relations was the:
racist nature of the enemies of the United States
In the presidential election of 1932:
radical Socialist and Communist party candidates won nearly 1 million votes
The Revenue Act of 1935 (sometimes called the Wealth-Tax Act):
raised taxes on incomes above $50,000
The Hiss-Chambers case:
resulted in Hiss's conviction for perjury
One third of the "Okies":
returned to their home states
State Department official George Kennan:
said the United States should contain Soviet expansionist tendencies
When confronted with strikes in the coal and railroad industries in 1946, President Truman's response was to:
temporarily seize those industries
When North Korea attacked South Korea, Truman concluded:
that Stalin and the Soviets were behind it
All of the following were established by the National Security Act of 1947 EXCEPT:
the Department of Homeland Security
When North Korean Communists invaded South Korea:
the United Nations authorized military intervention against the aggressors
The dust bowl can be associated with:
the blowing away of millions of acres of topsoil
In 1947, President Truman took actions to banish Communists from:
the federal government
In 1948, President Truman desegregated:
the military
The conservative Democratic opposition to the New Deal in the late 1930s:
was heaviest in the South
The National Labor Relations Act:
was often called the Wagner Act
By and large, Truman's Fair Deal proposals:
were thwarted by a conservative coalition in Congress
Inch'on was the site:
where General MacArthur turned the war around with a surprise landing
Richard Wright:
wrote Native Son, a story of racial prejudice
