HIST 131 Exam #2

After the failure of the revolutions of 1848, the main Italian effort at unification shifted

away from a popular uprising and toward support for the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia.

The most significant difference between early socialists and Marx was

early socialists did not advocate class warfare; Marx did.

When English romantics referred to "dark satanic mills," the reference was to

factories

Liberals supported all of the reforms of the French Revolution EXCEPT

governmental control of the economy.

As a result of the Franco-Prussian War

all of the above

Count Camillo di Cavour sought to improve Piedmont's image in foreign affairs by strengthening the economy in which of the following ways?

all of the above

The Paris Commune (1871)

all of the above

The romantics criticized the philosophes for

all of the above

During the Bourbon restoration, King Louis XVIII did all the following EXCEPT

granting wide suffrage to the French people.

After the failure of the revolutions of 1848, most German nationalists

had a new respect for the realities of power and came to back Prussia's efforts at unification.

Theodor Herzl may be remembered for

helping to develop Zionism.

In 1815, conservatism included all of the following values EXCEPT

laissez faire over government involvement.

Louis (Lajos) Kossuth is associated with

leading the Magyars of Hungary as they sought liberal reforms.

Historians would agree that Social Darwinism

led some to believe that the extinction of so-called "inferior races" was a good thing.

Austria's objective and/or strategy at the Congress of Vienna was to

restore a balance of power in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon.

Sparsely populated regions that sent representatives to the House of Commons were known as

rotten boroughs.

Saint-Simon is associated with which of the following?

technocratic socialism

Before 1870, the strongest resistance to Bismarck and his policies came from

the Catholic South German states.

The central principle in Jeremy Bentham's political philosophy was

the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

All of the following can be said of Mazzini EXCEPT he

was convinced that Italian unification could only come from top leaders.

Why did Bismarck wage the Kulturkampf against the Catholic Church?

Bismarck believed that Catholics were not reliable citizens since their primary loyalty lay with the Pope.

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about Britain before the revolutions of 1830?

Britain was a democracy.

What sparked the Revolution of 1830 in France?

Charles X invalidated an election, changed the election laws, and censored the press.

In the hope of securing foreign support against Austria, in 1858, Cavour signed a secret agreement with

France

The Risorgimento may be best related to

Italian nationalism.

Who created the Labour party in Britain?

J. Kier Hardie

Who wrote The Subjection of Women and argued against the male domination of women as an abuse of power?

John Stuart Mill

Who was the dominating influence at the Congress of Vienna?

Metternich

Who demanded that the French government establish cooperative workshops in 1848?

Louis Blanc

The most serious threat to Hapsburg power was the disposition of the

Magyars.

How far did the efforts to unite Germany proceed in 1848-1849?

The Prussian king refused to accept the invitation from the national assembly to be king of a unified Germany and the effort ended.

During the nineteenth century, socialists and liberals would have agreed on which of the following points?

There must be a rational analysis of society in order to make improvements.

What was the most important change in liberalism by the beginning of the twentieth century?

Traditional laissez-faire liberalism developed into a more socially conscious and democratic liberalism.

Robert Owen believed that the best society would be one in which

business owners took care of their workers' need and provided them with decent work, decent housing, and decent education.

According to Marx, the engine of historical change is

class struggle.

Consistent with the emerging, new liberalism, John Stuart Mill believed the state should be able to do all the following EXCEPT

compelling an individual to abandon a foolish or dangerous idea.

The Taff Vale decision of 1901

was repealed in 1906 after elections in the new Labour Party gained twenty-nine seats.

The Third Republic in France

witnessed strong anti-Semitism and anticlericalism.

The early socialist Saint-Simon believed in all the following EXCEPT

workers should control the workplace.

How did William I overcome the opposition of liberals to his plans for expanding the military?

​all of the above