History 102 Midterm Multiple Choice Study Guide Chapter 19

Which kingdom on the map was prevented from being destroyed by a Portuguese fleet with artillery and musketeers in 1541? A.Ethiopia B.Songhay C.Benin D.Kongo

A.Ethiopia

Around 1750, there were about 10,000 Boers (Dutch for "_______") in the Cape Colony, easily outnumbered by slaves. A.Farmers B.Masters C.Whites D.Foreigners

A.Farmers

The popularity of molasses and _________ caused an increase in sugar planting and slavery. A.Cotton B.Rum C.Candy D.Indigo

B.Rum

After the Dutch, who dominated the slave trade with West Africa? A.The Spanish B.The English C.The Portuguese D.The French

B.The English

The colony that James Oglethorpe established in North America would eventually become the state of __________. A.South Carolina B.Florida C.Virginia D.Georgia

D.Georgia

Between 1434 and 1472, _________ mariners explored the African coast as far east as the Bight of Benin. A.Spanish B.British C.Dutch D.Portuguese

D.Portuguese

After Brazil, which region in the American received the largest number of African slaves? A.Mexico and Central America B.Northern U.S. C.The Caribbean D.Carolinas/Georgia

C.The Caribbean

As part of the African ________, Africans moved to nearly all parts of the Americas primarily as a result of the transatlantic slave trade. A.Diaspora B.Migration C.Passage D.Resurgence

A.Diaspora

The average slave field hand on a sugar plantation was estimated to live: A.Until age 50 for males; slightly longer for females. B.Twelve to fifteen years. C.Five or six years. D.Until age 27 or so.

C.Five or six years.

The 2016 film, Birth of a Nation dramatized the 1831 slave rebellion led by ___________. A.Maroons B.Olaudah Equiano C.Nat Turner D.Hattians

C.Nat Turner

_______ was the only North American colony, and later state, in which African Americans outnumbered those of European descent. A.Florida B.Georgia C.South Carolina D.Rhode Island

C.South Carolina

The popularity of rum promoted: A.The establishment of sugar cane plantations in Canada and New England. B.Calls for its prohibition, especially in the southern American colonies. C.The expansion of sugar planting and slavery, to their peak after 1750. D.The manumission of slaves, as freedmen were considered better sources of labor.

C.The expansion of sugar planting and slavery, to their peak after 1750.

In the 1440s, Portuguese mariners raided the ___________ coast for slaves. A.Moroccan B.East African C.West African D.Ethiopian

C.West African

The demand for slave labor reached new heights in Brazil when: A.Gold was discovered in Minas Gerais in 1690. B.Supplies of slaves dwindled as a result of the conversion of Benin to Christianity. C.The Portuguese ceded control of the territory to the Spanish. D.The church declared, in 1680, that Indians could be enslaved.

A.Gold was discovered in Minas Gerais in 1690.

The kings of Kongo demonstrated their absorption of Portuguese culture by: A.Sending members of the ruling family to Portugal for their education. B.Sending their own ships to the Indies. C.Implementing a similarly decentralized pattern of monarchic control. D.Building a school for the study of navigation in M'banza.

A.Sending members of the ruling family to Portugal for their education.

What greatly helped the Portuguese trade with West Africans for cloth and metal that were in demand in Europe? A.They built forts on the coast from which to trade. B.They had gold from Songhay which they could trade. C.They were able to convert many of the local chiefs to Christianity. D.They traded ordinary articles of daily life which were in high demand.

A.They built forts on the coast from which to trade.

Some slave-ship captains favored the "tight packing" method, deliberately overcrowding their human cargo on a Middle Passage voyage on the assumption that: A.The crew was more likely to be overpowered by a larger number of captives and the effort aborted. B.A higher number would survive if given marginally more room aboard. C.A few more captives might survive than on a ship that was less crowded. D.A higher number would survive if the transatlantic voyage was sped up by one month.

C.A few more captives might survive than on a ship that was less crowded.

In the Kongolese belief system, Portuguese Catholicism was: A>Rejected as a foreign import and haram in the eyes of true Muslims. B.Adopted by the lowest orders of society and had little impact on the elite. C.Adapted to the indigenous African spiritual and cultural heritage. D.Questioned for its apparent condoning of the slave trade.

C.Adapted to the indigenous African spiritual and cultural heritage.

Although the precise number of Africans transported to the Americas in the slave trade is difficult to determine, nearly half of the total were sent to ________. A.Mexico B.The North American colonies C.Brazil D.Cuba

C.Brazil

The ruler Ewuare was the first to rise to dominance over chiefs and assume the title of king over _________. A.Benin B.Chad C.Kongo D.Ethiopia

A.Benin

The Songhay empire was able to acquire gold by taxing the markets of Timbuktu and _______. A.Kano B.Taghaza C.Gao D.Walata.

C.Gao

What was the reason for Morocco's invasion of Songhay in 1591? A.They wanted to prevent Portugal from accessing Songhay's gold. B.They wanted to prevent the Spanish from taking over Songhay. C.They wanted to gain control over the Saharan salt trade. D.They wanted to capture Songhay for the Ottoman Empire.

A.They wanted to prevent Portugal from accessing Songhay's gold.

In "chattel" slavery, the slave is, in legal terms: A.Assigned only to agricultural labor. B.An item of moveable personal property. C.Temporarily contracted to work as a slave. D.Communally owned by an enslaving state.

B.An item of moveable personal property.

The Atlantic system or the "_________" trade connected the American colonies with Africa and Europe. A.Circular B.Triangular C.Devil's D.Hateful

B.Triangular

An example of a Creole language that has survived for centuries is Gullah, used by the isolated communities along the coastal islands of Georgia and _______. A.Florida B.The Bahamas C.Haiti D.South Carolina

D.South Carolina