History 171
With the Cold War coming to a close, George H. W. Bush took the office of president in 1989 having to face a "new world order," unseen by his predecessors. What is the best way to describe this new order?
Shift to American leadership globally
Whom did President Obama nominate as the first female Hispanic and third woman in the Supreme Court's history to replace Justice David Souter after he announced his retirement?
Sonia Sotomayor
This coalition of Black activists and grassroots organizations was first established in the aftermath of the Montgomery Bus Boycott to further the cause of Civil Rights and desegregation.
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
The combination of slow economic growth and high inflation is known as ____________. This was the reality of the 1970s and had the greatest impact on low-wage and working-class Americans.
Stagflation
All of the following were part of Roosevelt's Four Freedoms, except...
Freedom from imperialism
The Culture Wars of the 1990s were battles over __________.
'traditional' moral values
This early Civil Rights leader planned to lead a march on Washington for fair employment practices and equal pay for African American workers in federal defense jobs in 1941, leading to the creation of the Fair Employment Practice Committee and equal pay in federal defense contract jobs.
A. Philip Randolph
The notion that the United States is somehow unique in the world as a symbol of freedom and has a responsibility to be an example for the rest of the world.
American Exceptionalism
While the Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed discrimination on the basis of race, sex, clolor, religion, or nationality, the Voting Rights Act ___________, a protection that was stripped by the Supreme Court Case, Shelby County v. Holder in 2013.
Authorized federal oversight and enforcement of the 14th and 15th amendments in places where discrimination and segregation had largely prevented Black Americans from voting.
The joint agreement between the United States and Mexico beginning in World War II which allowed the importation of guest migrant agricultural workers into California and was financed by the Federal government was called the...
Bracero Program
This supreme court case was hailed as the 'Second Emancipation Proclamation,' suggesting that it was a great victory in the fight for Civil Rights, but not the end of the war.
Brown v. Board of Education
More than 60% of the wartime defense contracts and much of the wartime production during World War II occurred in this state.
California
Beginning with President Truman, the United States' policy of preventing the further spread of communism was known as...
Containment
The period of easing tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union in the early 1970s was known as...
Detente
During the Great Depression, progressives under President Roosevelt believed that...
Economic security was a public right
Which of the following phrases was racially coded language used by the Republican Party beginning with the 1968 Nixon campaign to appeal to white voters by suggesting a return to segregation or the continued disenfranchisement of Black Americans. (Hint: This was commonly referred to as the Southern Strategy)
Forced busing, tough on crime, freedom of association, cutting taxes and welfare programs, reverse discrimination (all of the above)
During the Second Red Scare, the United States restricted migration from communist countries while the Federal Government became much more politically tolerant of progressive and socialist ideas.
False
In 1965, the Supreme Court case Griswold v. Connecticut ultimately created a constitutional right to abortion.
False
The American torture policy's extent was not fully uncovered until the release of a Senate committee report in 2014. This report showed that torture was used systematically at secret U.S. prisons around the world. The report also concluded, however, that an incredible amount of information was obtained from prisoners through the use of these brutal methods.
False
The Gulf War was an international crisis between the United States and Mexico over oil drilling rights in the Gulf of Mexico.
False
The Korematsu v. United States Supreme Court case determined that Japanese internment was unconstitutional.
False
Which of the following characterized the Republican Party of the 1950s?
Fear of communism tied to religion, conservatism as a reaction to Democratic led desegregation, Opposition to the Federal policies of the New Deal (all of the above)
Alongside SNCC, the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) led the ______________ into the deep South to challenge unlawful segregation, often putting themselves in grave danger to fight the last holdouts of Jim Crow.
Freedom Rides
After his inauguration in 1964, President Johnson's ____________________was a campaign to end poverty, expand on the nation's social safety net, and fight against discrimination on a Federal level.
Great Society
The _______________ Act of 1965 drastically altered the course of immigration in the United States for the first time since 1924, repealing national-origins quotas on immigration, allowing many from Southern and Eastern Europe, as well as people from many Asian countries, access to the United States.
Hart-Cellar
With the ongoing war in Iraq, President Bush's approval rating continued to plummet with his handling of this natural disaster.
Hurricane Katrina
This was the greatest scandal of Reagan's presidency and highlights the United States' culpability in sponsoring violence in the Middle East and Central America during the 1980s.
Iran-Contra Affair
This author was influenced by the plight of migrant workers in California.
John Steinbeck
The ___________ was a turning point in the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States that turned the tension into a global struggle.
Korean War
The ________________ made it possible to deport Americans and revoke their citizenship if they refused to testify about suspected 'subversive' activities.
McCarran-Walter Act
In an effort to bolster trade between the United States and its neighbors, President Clinton sought congressional approval in 1993 for the _________________ to create free trade zones located in Canada, Mexico, and the United States.
North American Free Trade Agreement
In 2011, this movement emerged as a protest against rising inequality in the United States, lack of opportunity after the 2008 financial crisis, and corrupt banking practices.
Occupy Wall Street
During the Great Depression, white migrants from the Dust Bowl states who came to California to find agriculture work were commonly referred to as...
Okies and Arkies
At the end of 1989, President Bush dispatched troops to ____________to overthrow the government of General Manuel Antonio Noriega, a former ally of the United States who had become involved in the international drug trade.
Panama
In 2017, President Trump withdrew from the ______________ on climate change of 2015, making the United States the only country in the world not to commit itself to take steps to reduce emissions that cause climate change.
Paris Agreement
What did the countries of Iraq, Iran, and North Korea have to do with President Bush's war on terror?
President Bush identified them as the "axis of evil"
Conservative politicians leaned on the ___________ beliefs of many Americans to spark fear of communism and garner support for laissez faire economic policy agendas.
Religious
This California politician advanced their career in the United States House of Representatives and the Senate through 'redbaiting,' accusing their opponent of a communist-like progressive agenda.
Rickard Nixon
Nixon's strategy for winning the 1968 presidential election by appealing to white moderates and democrats through the coded language of 'individualism' and 'law and order' was copied from this politician's strategy to become California Governor in 1966
Ronald Reagan
The majority of shipbuilding on the West Coast took place in...
San Francisco
The Port Huron Statement was the _________________'s critique of American society, which condemned the Military Industrial Complex, capitalist oligarchy, the two-party political system, and demanded an extension to democracy in the United States.
Students for a Democratic Society
Which of the following statements best describes 'Reaganomics'?
Supply side economics, or the belief that lowering taxes would increase revenue by stimulating investment. This is commonly referred to as 'trickle-down economics.'
This group of screenwriters were imprisoned for contempt of court during the House Un-American Activities Committee's hearings which accused them of communist activities and connections.
The Hollywood 10
President Franklin Roosevelt's agenda for ending the Great Depression was called...
The New Deal
_____________ was established in 1949 to be an alliance of Western nations in case of war with the Soviet Union.
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Under the Eisenhower administration, massive retaliation insured that....
The United States would use nuclear weapons in retaliation
Which of the following statements about the economy in the 1970s is true?
The economy was growing but standard of living was declining as most job growth was in the service sector.
In February 1942, Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, immediately initiating...
The internment of Japanese Americans
In the 1990s, the _________ made owning a personal computer more attainable to the average American consumer.
The microchip
At the height of the environmental movement, this nuclear disaster brought the expansion of nuclear energy to a standstill as many Americans worried about the danger and continued environmental impact of energy production in the United States.
Three Mile Island
Civil Rights leaders were often scapegoated as communists or socialist 'radicals' by anti-communist politicians looking to discredit their efforts at reform and integration.
True
In 1956, the Southern Manifesto, signed by nearly all Southern members of congress, denounced the decision in Brown v. Board of Education and advocated that whites fight against integration in the South.
True
It was under the Reagan administration that Congress passed the Immigration Reform and Control Act which provided amnesty and a path to citizenship for almost 3 million migrants.
True
Japanese American men were required to swear allegiance to the United States government while interned during the war. If they complied, they were eligible for the draft. If they refused, they could be sent to a maximum security relocation camp.
True
President Truman's Fair Deal included a plan for a system of nationalized healthcare.
True
Toward the end of the Second World War, Double V stood for...
Victory over Germany and Japan, but also over segregation in the United States
In both the Iraq War and the _____________War, American policy was made by officials who possessed little or no knowledge of the countries to which they were sending troops. In both instances, as the war continued, public opinion waned and many American citizens (and military advisers) considered the war lost cause.
Vietnam War
Prior to the War in Afghanistan, this was the longest conflict in united States history and highlighted the tension between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War and was widely unpopular among Americans. Opposition to this war was one factor that connected the Civil Rights Movement, the New Left, and the Counterculture during the 1960s.
Vietnam War
This event marked the transition from nonviolent civil rights activism to more militant assertions of Black Power and only was ended with the presence of the National Guard.
Watts Rebellion
During World War II, 40% of workers in the aircraft industry were...
Women
Beginning in the 1980s, the United States entered what has been referred to as the Second Gilded Age because...
Workers could afford less as CEO pay continued to dramatically increase
The Conservative backlash of the 1960s was largely a response to the...
a. anti-war movement b. All of the above c. Civil Rights reform and the Black Power Movement(x) d. perceived immorality of the Counterculture
The Popular Front was...
an era marked by burgeoning popularity and support for the Communist Party by likeminded socialists and New Dealers seeking to reform American capitalism..
Beginning in the 1970s, the steady decline of manufacturing jobs across the United States, known as _________________, led to decades of economic growth and stagnating wages amongst American workers employed in the service industry.
deindustrialization
What did the Supreme Court rule in the Bush v. Gore case with its vote of 5-4?
that Jeb Bush, George Bush's brother, could certify Florida's election as governor, declaring George Bush the winner of the election
