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History 224 Dr. Pigott Midterm study guide

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In addition to fighting off Allied forces, the Ottoman empire faced insurrection from the a. Arabs. b.Egyptians. c.Greeks. d.Serbs. e.Turks.

a. Arabs

By 1750, all of the following regions were linked by trade and commerce except a. Australia. b.Brazil. c. India. d. Indonesia. e.South Africa.

a. Australia

The last country to abolish slavery was a. Brazil. b. Britain. c.France. d.Haiti. e.the United States.

a. Brazil

Which latin american state gained independence as a monarchy a. brazil b. haiti c. mexico d. peru e. venezuela

a. Brazil

Which region is incorrectly paired with a primary trade good? a. Brazil and sugar. b.South Africa and wheat. c. India and cotton. d.Japan and spices. e.Peru and silver.

d. Japan and spices

The dynasty that succeeded the Yuan was the a.Tang b.Song c.Qin d.Ming

d. Ming

This government gave the most workers' rights, pensions, and social security than other industrializing nations of the in the late nineteenth century? a.Britain b.Canada c.France d. Germany e.United States

d. germany

Choose the order in which these African empires arose: a.Songhay, Ghana, Mali b. Mali, Songhay, Ghana c. Ghana, Songhay, Mali d. Ghana, Mali, Songhay

d. ghana, mali, songhay

From the perspective of the worker, the factory system meant a. better working conditions than piecework done at home b. better pay for skilled work c. greater opportunities for advancement within a free market system d. harsh discipline and close supervision e. an opportunity for families to work together

d. harsh discipline and close supervision

The population of the industrial world grew dramatically in the nineteenth century, in part because a. Improved transportation networks resulted in cheaper food and therefore better diets. b.Families did not yet know how to limit the number of births. c.New urban centers were healthier environments than were rural villages. d.Aggressive public health programs eradicated childhood diseases. e. All these answers are correct.

a. Improved transportation networks resulted in cheaper food and therefore better diets.

portuguese sailors were able to tack against the prevaliing wind by using: a. a combination of square and lateen sails b. a sternpost rudder c. a magnetic ocmpass d. an astrolabe e. a sextant

a. a combination of square and lateen sails

In britian , one outcome of the laws against child labor in the late 19th century was that a. all children were required to attend public school b. poor children were forced to do piecework at home c. children spend more time away from their parents than when they had been working d. working class parents were obliged to find childcare e. all these answers are correct

a. all children were required to attend public school

The Songhay Empire was toppled by a.Morocco b.Portugal c.Mali d. The Mande

a. morocco

British rule undermined the Indian cotton industry by a. undercutting the cost of Indian cloth with cheap British textiles. b. forbidding the manufacture of cotton cloth in India. c.imposing tariffs on cotton cloth imported into India. d.imposing tariffs on cotton cloth shipped from India to Britain. e.means of the monopolistic practices of the East India Company.

a. undercutting the cost of Indian cloth with cheap British textiles.

The British rule undermined the indian cotton industry by a. undercutting the cost of indian cloth with cheap british textiles b. forbidding the manufacture of cotton cloth in india c. imposing tariffs on cotton cloth imported into india d. imposing tariffs on cotton cloth shipped fro india to britain e. means of the monopolistic practices of the east india company

a. undercutting the cost of indian cloth with cheap british textiles

The success of the Meiji restoration depended on destroying the power of a.the daimyo and samurai classes. b. the emperor and his court. c.the Japanese military. d.independent merchants. e. All these answers are correct.

a.the daimyo and samurai classes.

The purpose of the 21 demands was to a. demand control of german held islands in the pacific b. reduced china to the status of a japanese protectorate c. demand that the british turn over control of hong kong d. reduce korea to the status of a japanese portectorate e. all these answers are correct

b. reduced china to the status of a japanese protectorate

The Battle of Omdurman clearly demonstrated that a. Europeans were morally superior to Africans. b. Japan had become a major world power. c. European troops with modern weapons could subdue a vast native army. d. Britain had fallen behind Germany by the end of the nineteenth century. e.None of these answers is correct.

c. European troops with modern weapons could subdue a vast native army.

Which of the following could be considered an expression of enlightened ideas about government? a. the Stamp Act of 1708 b.the Quartering Act c. the Declaration of Independence d.the Committee of Public Safety e. the Congress of Vienna

c. The Declaration of Independence

The German Schlieffen plan called for a. a quick invasion of Great Britain and destruction of the British navy. b.a quick invasion of Russia so that the war would only be fought on one front. c. a blockade of France to starve that country into submission. d.a swift knockout of France, combined with defensive action against Russia. e.simultaneous invasions of France, Britain, and Russia, with heavy reliance on the navy.

c. a blockade of France to starve that country into submission.

Which of the following was NOT one of the causes of the French revolution of 1789? a.a staggering national debt b.resentment at the privileges of the aristocracy c. accusation of treason against Louis XVI d.the opportunity presented by the summoning of the e.Estates General

c. accusation of treason against Louis XVI

Which of the following was NOT a significant labor-saving invention in the production of cotton cloth? a. flying shuttle b. the steam-driven spinning mule c. chemical dyes d. the power loom e. the cotton gin

c. chemical dyes

The Portuguese slave trade began in the mid-fifteenth century with Portuguese raiders capturing African men and selling them in Europe. How had this trade changed by the mid-sixteenth century? a. Portuguese raiders captured slaves and sold them in the Americas. b. Portuguese raiders captured slaves and sold them to British merchants. c.The Portuguese no longer participated in the slave trade. d.Portuguese merchants bought slaves from African raiders and sold them to Europe and the Americas. e.The Portuguese bought slaves from Dutch raiders and sold them in the Americas.

d. Portuguese merchants bought slaves from African raiders and sold them to Europe and the Americas

Which of the following was not conquered or defeated by the portuguese? a. Angola b. Kilwa c. Kongo d. Songhay

d. Songhay

Which of the following is NOT a correct explanation of why the Haitian revolution succeeded? a. Five hundred gens de couleur were veterans of the American revolution. b. The large maroon population supported the revolution. c. Toussaint l'Ouverture was an effective strategist. d.The revolutionaries had the support of British and Spanish forces. e.The French army was struck down with yellow fever.

d. the revolutionaries had the support of british and spanish forces

Tanzimat legal reforms included all of the following rights except a. equality before the law for all subjects b. public trials for civil courts c. the right to privacy d. womens right to sue for divorce e. none of these are correct because all were among the Tanzimat legal reforms

d. womens right to sue for divorce

T/F: In contrast to modern stereotypes, nearly half of all accused witches were men. True False

False

___ T/F: Sufi Islam advocated a more rigid and dogmatic interpretation of true religious devotion than traditionally orthodox interpretations of Islam. True False

False

One reason for the hysterical witch-hunts of the sixteenth century was that a. the conflicts of the Reformation contributed to a climate of suspicion and violence. b. unusual natural phenomena suggested supernatural causes. c. desperate people turned to magic to try and improve their lives. d. new texts claimed scientific evidence of witchcraft. e. all of the above.

by 1913, all of the following provinces gained either independence or autonomy from ottoman control except a. anatolia b. Egypt c. greece d. serbia e. none of these are correct because they all gained either independence or autonomy

a. anatolia

The first European power to abolish the slave trade was a. Britain. b.France. c.Portugal. d.Spain. e. the United States.

a. britian

the manila galleons were noted for a. carrying large cargoes between mexico and the philippines b. supporting imperial communication since they were small and swift c. dominating the trans-atlantic slave trade d. defeating the Portuguese in southeast asia e. all of the above.

a. carrying large cargoes between mexico and the philippines

From the perspective of the consumer, the factory system meant a. cheaper manufactured goods b. lower-quality manufactured goods, c. fewer choices in manufactured goods d. manufactured goods priced beyond the means of many consumers e. acutre shortages of many manufactured items

a. cheaper manufactured goods

One reason for the hysterical witch-hunts of the sixteenth century was that a. the conflicts of the refomation contributed to a climate of suspicion and violence b. unusual natural phenomena suggested supernatural causes c. desperate people turned to magic to try and improve their lives d. new texts claimed scientific evidence of witchcraft e. all of the above

a. conflicts of the reformation contributed to a climate of suspicion and violence

Pressure for reform in British india came from a. educated indians seeking self-rule b. educated indian women seeking greater independence c. indian muslims seeking independence from the hindu majority d. indian peasants and workers mobilized into unions e. enlightened british rulers who felt that india was ready for self government

a. educated indians seeking self-rule

Unlike the British in India, the French in Indochina a. encouraged conversion to Christianity. b. recruited local peoples into their colonial army. c. worked closely with local elites. d. promoted domestic industries. e. had no obvious racial bias.

a. encouraged conversion to Christianity.

slavery's impact on africa a. fell most heavily on the societies of west africa b. was limited to the eastern shores of africa c. was felt on the entire continent d. was barley noticable by the end of the 18th century due to demograhic growth e.was offset by the advances that came with european trade

a. fell most heavily on the societies of west africa

Under the rule of the convention, french women a. gained important property rights and the right to a divorce b. were proclaimed full citizens of the republic c. lost economic power to their husbands d. were legally defined in terms of either their fathers or their husbands e. were granted the righto to vote in national elections

a. gained important property rights and the right to a divorce

The population of the industrial world grew dramatically in the 19th century in part because a. improved transportation networks resulted in cheaper foods and therefore better diets d. families did not yet know how to limit the number of births c. new urban centers were healthier environments than were rural villages d. aggressive public health programs eradicated childhood diseases e. all these answers are correct

a. improved transportation networks resulted in cheaper foods and therefore better diets

Colonial rule dramatically altered the environment in which of the following places? a. india due to tea production b. ceylon due to tea production c. malaya due to rubber production d. sumatra due to rubber production e. all these answers are correct

a. india due to tea production

One advantage of the industrial corporation over the older joint-stock company was the a. limited liability for investors. b.possibility for government-sponsored monopoly. c.ability to remain flexible and small-scale. d.opportunity to improve the standard of living of many more workers. e.All these answers are correct.

a. limited liability for investors.

Compared to the western front, fighting on the eastern front was Correct! a. more fluid, as the Germans made inroads into Russia. b. a deadlock, with German and Austrian troops trapped for months in trenches. c. more encouraging for the Allies, especially on the Balkan peninsula. d. not as deadly, with far fewer casualties. e. over quickly.

a. more fluid, as the Germans made inroads into Russia.

The indigenous religions of sub-Saharan African were essentially a.polytheistic, recognizing numerous local gods as well as a single creator god. b.monotheistic, worshiping a supreme creator. c.messianic, worshipping a personal savior. d. universal, affirming that all religions are essentially the same. e. syncretic, taking the best from a variety of religions.

a. polytheistic, recognizing numerous local gods as well as a single creator god.

A Renaissance humanist is one who: a. seeks to reconcile Christian contemplation with public responsibilities b.considers Christianity to be an outmoded superstition. c.holds that personal glory is the only true value. d.withdraws from the world to study ancient texts. e.rejects the past and embraces all that is new.

a. seeks to reconcile Christian contemplation with public responsibilities

A renaissance humanist is one who: a. seeks to reconcile christian contemplation with public responsibilities b. considers christianity to be an outmoded superstition c.holds that personal glory is the only true value d. withdraws from the world to study ancient texts e. rejects the past and embraces all that is new.

a. seeks to reconcile christian contemplation with public responsibilities

An example of a syncretic cult combining elements of Christianity and African beliefs is a. the Antonian movement. b.the Coptic Church. c. the Fulani movement. d.King Afonso. e.all of the above.

a. the Antonian movement

One striking difference between the British and the French imperial models in Africa is that a. the British preferred to use local institutions to control subject populations. b. the French preferred to employ local rulers to govern their colonies. c. the British established schools and academies to train African civil servants to run their colonies, while the French did not. d.many more British citizens relocated to Africa to administer their colonies than did French citizens. e.the British actively sought to convert Africans to Christianity, while the French did not.

a. the British preferred to use local institutions to control subject populations.

The ottoman military had declined by the 19th century because a. the Janisarry corps was more intersted in palace intrigues than in miliary training b. the janissaries resisted all efforts to modernize the army c. may procincial rulers had private mercenary armies d. ottoman forces carried out outmoded equipment e. all these answers are correct

a. the Janisarry corps was more intersted in palace intrigues than in miliary training

The scramble for pacific island colonies in the late nineteenth century was motivated by a. the desire for tropical produce b. the needs to defend the whaling industry c. concerns about japansese expansion to nearby islands d. the desire for strategic ports and refuling stations in the pacific ocean e. all these answers are correct

a. the desire for tropical produce

by 1800 european exploration of the pacific ocean resulted in all of the following except a. the discovery of a northwest passage from europe to asia b. the first complete circumnavigation of the world c. mapping of australia, new zealand, and the islands of the south pacific d. exploration of the coast of alaska and the waters of the arctic ocean e. european colonization of the phillippines

a. the discovery of a northwest passage from europe to asia

The tokugawa Shogunate was overthrown because a. the japanese were outraged by the unequal treaty forced on them by commodore perry a. the japanese were outraged by the unequal treaty fothe samurai were in debt to the merchant class c. the emperor had failed in his obligations to protect the japansese people d. the daimyo led a tax revolt e. Japanese merchants wanted more acess to western goods and technology

a. the japanese were outraged by the unequal treaty forced on them by commodore perry

Martin succeded where other church critics had failed largely because of a. the printing press b. the enthusiastic support of clergy in the catholic church c. local newspapers d. active guilds and artisans e. all of the above

a. the printing press

The Mughal dynasty fell primarily becasue a. the state had been weakeed by conflicts during the reign of Aurangzeb b.the east india company established powerful, cotal trading forts c. british merchants gained access to interior territories d. the sepoy mutiny failed to drive the british out of india e. all of these answers are correct

a. the state had been weakeed by conflicts during the reign of Aurangzeb

The Russian intelligentsia promoted terrorism as a strategy for political reform because a. their attempts at more peaceful reform were crushed by the tsarist authorities. b.Tsar Alexander II refused to consider any reform measures. c.many were anarchists who believed that individual freedom could not be realized until all government was abolished. d.they were affiliated with Zionists, who advocated the use of terrorism when necessary. e. All these answers are correct.

a. their attempts at more peaceful reform were crushed by the tsarist authorities.

Most African slaves went a. to the tropical and subtropical plantations of the Americas. b. to tobacco plantations on Chesapeake Bay. c.to rice and sugar plantations in the southern United States. d. to the silver mines of Mexico and Peru. e. to work as domestic servants in upper-class homes throughout the New World.

a. to the tropical and subtropical plantations of the Americas

Which of the young Turk proposals caused the most dissension in the empire? a. turkish as the official language of the empire b. equality before the law c. free public education d. freedom of religion e. universal suffrage

a. turkish as the official language of the empire

The Russian empire was defeated in the Crimean War because a. the Ottoman army was superior in arms and training. Correct! b. Britain and France joined forces to prevent Russian expansion into the Ottoman Empire. c.Russian troops mutinied and demanded a new constitution. d.the people of the Balkan peninsula resisted Russian advances. e.the Russian troops were inadequately trained.

b. Britain and France joined forces to prevent Russian expansion into the Ottoman Empire.

The Yuan dynasty was dominated by which foreign culture? a. Mandarin b.Mongol c.Korean d. Japanese

b. Mongol

The sea route to the Indian Ocean discovered by Vasca da Gama offered European merchants a. a chance to trade with Muslim intermediaries b. a chance to buy goods directly from Indian merchants. c. quicker access to the slave trade of west Africa. d. proof that the earth was round. e. none of the above.

b. a chance to buy goods directly from Indian merchants

Four Hundred years before Columbus's discovery of the New World, Norsemen had colonized Greenland but had to abandon the colony because of: a. conflict with the sub-arctic indigenous peoples b. a long period of colder weather c. political changes in Norway forced their return d. none of the above e. all of the above

b. a long period of colder weather

Napoleon Bonaparte rose to power as a.a liberal noble who supported the third estate. b.a military hero. c. an opponent of Robespierre. d.a supporter of Marie Antoinette. e. None of these answers is correct.

b. a military hero

The colonization of the Belgian Congo is noted for the a. spirited resistance of the Congolese people. b. brutal treatment of the Congolese people by King Leopold II. c.policy of free trade that encouraged merchants from all countries. d.humane policies of the Belgian government toward the Congolese people. e.All these answers are correct.

b. brutal treatment of the Congolese people by King Leopold II.

The British maintained their head start in industrialization a. by sabotaging the efforts of their competitors. b. by forbidding the export of machinery and expertise. c.through constant innovation and renovation. d.through significant government support of industry. e. All these answers are correct.

b. by forbidding the export of machinery and expertise.

The american's women's right movement began a. at the constitutional convention b. concurrent with the antislavery movement c. after the civil war, when women saw how freed slaves benefited from the vote d. not until the 20th century e. none of these answers is correct

b. concurrent with the antislavery movement

In World War I, "no man's land" was the a. battle line in eastern Europe and the Balkans. b. deadly territory between opposing trenches. c.killing field around Verdun. d.German route of invasion through Belgium. e.peninsula of Gallipoli.

b. deadly territory between opposing trenches.

In the fifteenth century, the nation-states of western Europe was strengthened by a. a long period of peace among the nations of Europe. b. Direct taxes and standing armies c. increasing reliance on knights as a military force d. the ideals of renaissance humanism. e. all of the above

b. direct taxes and standing armies.

At the end of the nineteenth century, the Ottoman Empire, Russian empire, Qing dynasty, and Tokugawa Japan were "societies at crossroads" because they a. were all dealing with the challenges of rapid industrialization. b. discovered through wars and confrontations that they were militarily much weaker than the western powers. c.were all forced to grant equal rights and political freedom to their people. d. were all competing for the same colonies and resources. e. All these answers are correct

b. discovered through wars and confrontations that they were militarily much weaker than the western powers.

Which of the following was not part of Charles V's holdings? a. Austria b. england c. netherlands d. hungary e spain

b. england

In general, Napoleon championed a. political freedom but not social equality. b. equality under the law but not political freedom. c.freedom of expression but only for the aristocracy. d. all the rights of citizenship proclaimed by the National Assembly. e. the restoration of the ancien régime.

b. equality under the law but not political freedom

Christopher Columbus believed that by sailing west 2500 nautical miles he would a. reach the canary islands and initiate a sice trade with the natives b. find a direct and profitable route to japan c. discover a new continent and lost city of gold d. find a quick passage around africa e. none of the above

b. find a direct and profitable route to japan

Which of the following would NOT be a typical of labor migration patterns in the age of empire a, chinese migrants to plantations in Cuba b. german migrants to plantations in the congo c. indian migrants to plantations in the caribbean d. irish migrants to factories and railroads in the US e. japanese migrants to plantations in hawaii

b. german migrants to plantations in the congo

The British insisted on their right to trade opium with China because a.they were unaware of the social and health risks of opium addiction. b. it was the only trade good that they could sell in China at a profit. c.they planned to weaken the Chinese people with opium and then take over the Chinese economy. d. they argued that opium was only a fraction of the volume of trade delivered to China. e. the Chinese government had welcomed the opium trade in earlier times.

b. it was the only trade good that they could sell in China at a profit.

Which of the following was NOT an economic advantage enjoyed by Britain in the eighteenth century? a. abundant and accessible coal deposits b. local sources of raw cotton c.access to water transportation d. sources of capital for investment

b. local sources of raw cotton

Chinese naval expeditions were abruptly ended in 1433 because a. Zheng He was suspected of building his personal power. b.maintaining the fleet was considered a needless waste of national resources. c.the voyages had led to several humiliating defeats. d.the large Chinese vessels proved to be unseaworthy.

b. maintaining the fleet was considered a needless waste of national resources

Queen Nxinga reisted the Portuguese conquest of Angola by a. marriage to dutch aristocracy b. mobilizing military resistance to the Portuguese c. entering into a trading alliance with Portugal d. forging a military allliance with neighboring Kongo e. none of the above

b. mobilizing military resistance to the Portuguese

Revolutions in latin america were frequently a power struggle between what two groups? a. masters and slaves b. peninsulares and creoles c. europeans and indigenous peoples d. europeans and mestizos e colonial militias and european mercenaries

b. peninsulares and creoles

The purpose of alliances such as the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente was to a. create a mutually advantageous free trade association. b. provide mutual defense and support in case of attack. d.cooperatively share resources in African colonies. avoid war. e. All these answers are correct.

b. provide mutual defense and support in case of attack

The purpose of alliances such as the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente was to a. create a mutually advantageous free trade association b. provide mutual defense and support in case of attack c. cooperatively share resources in african colonies d. avoid war e. all these answers are correct

b. provide mutual defense and support in case of attack

The purpose of the Twenty-One Demands was to a. demand control of German-held islands in the Pacific. b. reduce China to the status of a Japanese protectorate. c. demand that the British turn over control of Hong Kong. d. reduce Korea to the status of a Japanese protectorate. e.All these answers are correct.

b. reduce China to the status of a Japanese protectorate.

On his visit to Mali, Ibn Battuta expressed disapproval at: a. the tolerance of paganism by the emperor of Mali. b. the immodesty of African Muslim women. c. the corruption of the local courts. d. the failure to observe Muslim rituals, such as prayer and fasting. e. all of the above.

b. the immodesty of African Muslim women.

Spanish forces were able to conquer the Philippines because of a.the assistance of China and India. b. the lack of a centralized, powerful state to organize resistance. c. the unhappiness of many of the Philippine people with Muslim rule. d. the desire of the island chiefdoms to enter into a treaty with the Spanish. e.the eagerness of many islanders to convert to Christianity.

b. the lack of a centralized, powerful state to organize resistance

The "white man's burden" proposed by Rudyard Kipling referred to the a.cost of creating and supporting an empire. b. the moral duty of the west to work to "civilize" the rest of the world. c. cost of abolishing slavery in Africa. d. need for Christian missionaries to undermine Islam in Africa and Asia. e. All these answers are correct.

b. the moral duty of the west to work to "civilize" the rest of the world.

What was the principle work of the society of jesus a. to expose witches and heretics b. to be disciplined, educated representatives of the church throughout the world c. to be solders for jesus in the battle against the protestants d. to direct the court of the inquisition on behalf of the pope e. to raise money for the church by selling indulgences

b. to be disciplined, educated representatives of the church throughout the world

Cottton cloth was valued by european consumers in the 18th century because it a. was rare and considered a luxury b. was comfortable and convenient c. was a british product and so considered patriiotic d. lasted longer than wool e. all these answers are correct

b. was comfortable and convenient

At the Paris Peace Conference, a.the Allies agreed to let ethnic self-determination set the boundaries of the middle east. b.Britain and France were determined to strip Germany of military power. c. Russia was forced to cede much of Manchuria to Japan. d. Woodrow Wilson gained acceptance of his Fourteen Points. e.All these answers are correct.

b.Britain and France were determined to strip Germany of military power.

The Taiping rebellion was defeated when a. the dowager empress imprisoned the emperor and ended the Hundred Days reforms. b.Nanjing was defeated by a combined force of imperial and European soldiers. c.the dowager empress died, leaving a two-year-old child as emperor. d. the British seized the Grand Canal and cut off north-south trade in the empire. e. All these answers are correct.

b.Nanjing was defeated by a combined force of imperial and European soldiers.

Theodor Herzl's Zionism was the direct result of his shock at a government order revoking the a.citizenship of all French Jews. b.his shock at the army's persecution of Alfred Dreyfus. c.his frustrated desire to emigrate to America. d.a religious revelation that European Jews should return to the Holy Land. e. a wave of persecution against Jews living in the Ottoman empire.

b.his shock at the army's persecution of Alfred Dreyfus.

Although he called himself a Marxist, Lenin, unlike Marx, believed that the revolution a.would be led by rural peasants, not industrial workers. b.would be led by a small, highly-disciplined party acting on behalf of the workers. c. would be led by the intelligentsia acting on behalf of all of Russia's people. d.would not succeed until Russian workers were joined by workers all over the world. e.could not succeed if it alienated the church and the military.

b.would be led by a small, highly-disciplined party acting on behalf of the workers.

Chinese economic recovery in the Ming Dynasty was aided by all of the following steps except: a. increased africulture productivity. b. increased production of porcelain, silk,, and other luxury goods. c.active state support of foreign trade. d. the invovlement of Chinese merchants in foreign trade. e. restoration of irrigation systems.

c. active state support of foreign trade.

By the mid-fifteenth century, Portuguese mariners used a strategy called the volta do mar that: a. enabled them to sail directly into the wind b. enabled them to measure their location north and south of the equator with accuracy c. allowed them to avoid the use of sails for extended periods of time d. enabled them to sail with westerly winds rather than force their way against trade winds e. allowed them to sneak up on their enemies unannounced

c. allowed them to avoid the use of sails for extended periods of time

European and arab mariners in the fifteenth century determined latitude by measuring the angle of the sun or pole star above the horizon with which of the following? a. a magnetic compass a telescope c. an astrolabe or cross staff d. mechanical clock e. none of the above

c. an astrolabe or cross staff

As a result of the Seven Years' War, Britain gained all the following except a.the French colonies in Canada. b. the French trading posts in India. Spanish Florida. c. Cape Town from the Dutch. d. Britain gained all of the above.

c. cape town from the dutch

Who benefited the most from the religious controversy generated by the reformation? a. the people, because they had religious freedom b. the peasants because they were able to leave the estates and come in to the cities c. centralizing monarchs because they gained more independent authority d. the catholic church because it gained more committed supporters e. the islamic empires because europe was divided and weakened

c. centralizing monarchs because they gained more independent authority

John Calvin's contribution to the furthering of the Protestant Reformation came from a. Leading military rebellions throughout the Holy Roman Empire b.Integrating scientific reasoning into Protestant theology c. Codifying Protestantism into a coherent and organized manner. d. Converting the king of France to Protestantism e. All of the above

c. codifying protestantism into coherent and organized manner

The capital for the early industrialization of Meiji japan came primarily from a. the export of textile products b.land taxes c. commercial taxes d. private investors e. foreign investors

c. commercial taxes

The most signifiant achievement of sultan Mahmud II was the a. creation of a system of primary education b. legal emancipation of women c. creation of modern army d. creation of a legislative assembly e. reconquest of egypt

c. creation of modern army

The English East india company and the VOC were privately owned companies that ejoyed all of the following advantages except: a. funds to outfits ships and hire crews b. commodities and money for trade c. direct government supervision d. the potential for tremendous profits e. heavily armed ships to back up their demands

c. direct government supervision

Which of the following was not a well-traveled trade route in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries? a. from Morocco across the Sahara Desert to Mali. b.from Arabia down the east coast of Africa. c. from Portugal down the west coast of Africa. d. from India across the Indian Ocean to southeast Asia. e.from China overland to Constantinople.

c. from Portugal down the west coast of Africa

Middle-class family life in the new industrial society was characterized by a. substantial social and political gains by women b. equal participation of men and women in the industrial economy c. gendered division of labor and space d. children leaving school to work in the mills at an early age e. all these answers are correct

c. gendered division of labor and space

The ideas of the Enlightenment challenged the long-term assumptions about sovereignty, and instead proposed that a.true government stems from religious authority. b.the best form of government is a democracy. c. governments are bound to the will of the people. d. all government is inherently unjust; humans are better off living in a state of nature. e. church and state should be entirely separate.

c. governments are bound to the will of the people

The capitulations were humilliating concessions to the west that a. allowed western powers to estabish spheres of influence within ottoman territory b. forbade the manufacture of cotton cloth and obliged otttomans to buy textitles from britian c. held european citizens exempt from ottoman laws and taxes d. restricted the exchange of technology and prevented the emergence of domestic industry in the ottoman empire e. permitted unrestricted traffic in and out of the black sea

c. held european citizens exempt from ottoman laws and taxes

Which trading post is incorrectly paired wth a european power? a. goa and protugal b. manila and spain c. hormuz and england d. batabia and the netherlands e. cape town and the netherlands

c. hormuz and england

Smallpox, influenza, and measles spread rapidly in the Americas because of a. the densely populated urban centers. b. poor hygiene and contaminated water. c. lack of previous exposure that would build natural immunity. d. lack of access to immunizations. e.all of the above.

c. lack of previous exposure that would build natural immunity

Major motivations for European exploration of the worlds oceans included all of the following except: a. the search for raw materials and mineral resources b. the search for new lands to settle and cultivate c. population pressures in europe d. the desire to trade directly with asian markets e. the urge to extend christianity beyond europe

c. population pressures in europe

Dreadnoughts were designed primarily to a. be quick and agile and slip through an enemy blockade. b. spy on one's enemies. c. protect merchant shipping and conduct high-seas battles. d.launch underwater attacks with unmanned torpedoes. e. All these answers are correct.

c. protect merchant shipping and conduct high-seas battles.

Japanese imperial expansion in the late 19th century was primary motivated by a. the need for land settlement by a growing population b. the desire to spread buddhism to other lands c. resentment at the unequal treaties forced on them by the US d. a long-standing rivalry between china and japan e. all these answers are correct

c. resentment at the unequal treaties forced on them by the US

One significant difference between the Portuguese settlement of Angola and the Dutch settlement of Cape Town was that a.the Dutch had better relations with the local Africans. b. the Portuguese had better relations with the local Africans. c.the Portuguese came to Angola as traders while in South Africa the Dutch settled on the land as farmers. d. the Portuguese sent farmers to Angola, while the Dutch came to South Africa primarily as merchants and traders. e.the Khoikhoi resisted Dutch colonization, while the people of Angola accepted Portuguese rule without resistance.

c. the Portuguese came to Angola as traders while in South Africa the Dutch settled on the land as farmers.

all of the following are example of vertical organization EXCEPT a. standard oil's control of all phases of petroleum, production, and distribution b. the Krupp firm's integration of mines, steel mills, and munitions plants c. the british east india company's monopoly on the tea trade d. u.s steel's control of mines, steel mills, and railroad manufacture e. all these answers are correct

c. the british east india company's monopoly on the tea trade

In spite of the ravages of the slave trade, the population of Africa actually increased in the eighteenth century due to a.European settlement of Africa. b. resettlement of Asian workers in parts of Africa. c. the introduction of new staple foods from the Americas. d.improved health and life expectancy. e.the cessation of intertribal warfare in Africa.

c. the introduction of new stale foods from the Americas

the middle passage of the slave trade was a. the forced march of slaves through central africa from their homelands b. the holding pens where african captives were held before sale to plantation owners c. the ship voyage across the atlantic in the cargo decks d. the public auction of slaves in the caribbean e. none of the above.

c. the ship voyage across the atlantic in the cargo decks

The German people united behind King Wilhelm I because a. He promised them a constitutional monarchy. b.He was the rightful heir to the Holy Roman Empire. c. The wars engineered by Bismarck generated strong nationalist sentiment. d.The Prussian army defeated all other claimants to the throne. e. All these answers are correct.

c. the wars engineered by bismark generated strong nationalist sentiment

Panama was supported in its uprisings against colombbbia by US president a. Grover Cleveland b. William howard taft c. theodore roosevelt d. william mckinley e, woodrow wilson

c. theodore roosevelt

Which of the following was the primary foal of Zheng he's expeditions ? a. to eliminate foreign trade with China b. to establish Chinese trading cities on the Indian ocean c.to impress foreign people with the power and might of the ming dynasty d.to establish diplomatic relations with the muslim states trading on the indian ocean. e. to offer military protection and support to chinese merchants in the indian ocean

c. to impress foreign people with the power and might of the ming dynasty

african culture in the americas included all of the following except a. distinctive language and dialect b. syncretic african-american religions c. traditional kinship ties d. distinctive foods and cuisine e. distinctive handicrafts

c. tradtional kinship ties

Tsar Nicholass II was forced to abdicate when a. Bolsheviks stormed the winter palace b. assassination attempt revealed that his family was in danger c. troops garrisoned in the capital mutinied d. German forces seized the Ukraine e. all these answers are correct

c. troops garrisoned in the capital mutinied

Which of the following was NOT a typical inducement for europeans to emigrate abroad in the nenteenth century a. famine in ireland b. difficult political, social, and economic circumstances in europe generally c. unemployment in britian d. anti-semitism in russia e. economic opportunities in the US

c. unemployment in britian

The example of Thomas Peters establishing the slave refuge in West Africa called Sierra Leone illustrates a. Blacks were treated as equals by whites in Nova Scotia. b. Accommodations in slave ships were not as bad as many believed through the abolitionist literature. c.The extensive linkages between lands in the Atlantic Ocean basin. d.The complacency of many slaves of the era.

c.The extensive linkages between lands in the Atlantic Ocean basin.

What effect did World War I have on the status of women? c.The demands of total war actually reduced opportunities for women. b.Women engaged in combat for the first time. Correct! c.Women in many countries received the vote in the years after the war. d.Women gained new economic status that continued long after the war. e,All these answers are correct.

c.Women in many countries received the vote in the years after the war.

In China, a "sphere of influence" was a a. city designated for trade between Chinese and European merchants. b.Christian mission where Chinese converts could live free of state persecution. c.district in which a foreign power had exclusive trade, transportation, and mineral rights. d. tributary state beyond the borders of the empire that paid taxes to the Qing dynasty in exchange for protection. e.state-sponsored academy based on European science.

c.district in which a foreign power had exclusive trade, transportation, and mineral rights.

The European Renaissance is characterized by all of the following except: a. a revival of classical learning. b. doomed cathedrals c. naturalistic painting and sculpture d. repudiation of christian values e.translations of the New Testament

d repudiation of christian values

One region relatively unaffected by the plague was a.Western Europe. b. North Africa. c. China. d.India.

d. India

By the end of the nineteenth century, nationalistic movements resulted in independent sovereignty for all of the following EXCEPT a.Bulgaria. b. Germany. c.Greece. d.Ireland. e.Italy.

d. Ireland

Although relations between Portugal and the Kongo were initially friendly, the Kongo was ultimately destroyed because a.the royal family resisted the efforts of Catholic missionaries. b. the Kongo had no trade goods of any value to the Europeans. c.King Afonso converted to Islam. d. Portuguese slave traders undermined the authority of the kings. e.All of the above.

d. Portuguese slave traders undermined the authority of the kings

What political movements encouraged the spread of protestantism? a. protestantism provided people an opportunity to overthrow monarchies b. protestantism encouraged people to claim their individual rights c. protestantism encouraged militarism in european nations d. protestantism provided monarchs and an opportunity to break away from the political domination of rome e. all of the above

d. Protestantism provided monarchs and oportunity to break away from the political domination of rome

tend days that shook the world is a reference to the a. paris settlement of the great war b. debacle at Gallipoli c. German thrust toward Paris in Augus 1914 d. Russia revolution in November 1917 e. days in August leading up to the outbreak of the great war

d. Russia revolution in November 1917

Why had most European governments abandoned concessionary companies in Africa by the early twentieth century? a.The companies provoked rebellion, and the governments had to come to their defense. b. The companies became so profitable that the governments decided to take over management of the colonies. c. The companies became so powerful that they threatened to break away from the mother country. d. The brutal use of forced African labor by companies provoked a public outcry in Europe. e. None of these answers is correct.

d. The brutal use of forced African labor by companies provoked a public outcry in Europe.

The German Schliefeffen plan called for a. a quick invasion of great britian and the destruction of the british navy b. a quick invasion of russia so that the war would only be fought on one front c. a blackade of france to starve that country into submission d. a swift knockout of france combined with defensive action against russia e.simultaneous invasions of france, britian and russia, with heavy reliance on the navy

d. a swift knockout of france combined with defensive action against russia

Which of the following was NOT one of the provisions of the new french consitution of 1791 a. france became a constitutional monarchy b. church property was confiscated and clergy lost their privileged status c. peasants were freed from the dues and services owed to their landlords d. all adult males were given the right to vote in national elections e. an elective, legislative body, the convention, was established

d. all adult males were given the right to vote in national elections

he attacked the sale of indulgences that the poor could not afford. a. many Christians shared his concern about the corruption of the Church. b. many German princes saw this as a way to break away from the Church. c.supported the translation of the Bible from Latin into the vernacular languages. d. all of the above.

d. all of the above

Which of the following improved communication between India and Britain? a.completion of the Suez Canal b.use of steamships c.laying of submarine cables d. All these answers are correct.

d. all these answers are correct

Which of the following was not a serious diplomatic mission of the thirteenth century? a. the perion khan proposed an alliance with European powers against Muslims in Jerusalem. b.The pope invited the Mongol Khans to convert to Christianity. c.The sultan of India proposed an alliance with the Byzantine Empire against the Mongols. d. An envoy of the khans declared that European Christians should submit to Mongol rule or face destruction. e. all of the above

d. an envoy of the khans declared that European Christians should submit to Mongol rule or face destruction.

Which of the following is NOT true about the settlement of australia a. the british defined the continent as land belonging to no one b. the first settlers were mostly convicts banished from britian c. smallpox and measals reduced the aborignial population by 86 percent d. australia became a multicultural society, drawing settlers from all over the pacific e. settlement increased significantly after the discovery of gold

d. australia became a multicultural society, drawing settlers from all over the pacific

The first military use of gunpowder was mainly for a.psychological terror: making unexpected loud noises. b.fireworks display to celebrate a victory. c. unmanned torpedoes against enemy vessels. d. bombs lobbed by catapults into cities under siege. e. large mounted cannons on merchant ships.

d. bombs lobbed by catapults into cities under siege.

the dutch in indonesia concentrated their efforts on: a. established settler colonies b. establishing a dutch reform mission to counter the catholic presence in the phillippines c. building a plantation society on the island of java d. dominating the spice trade through the sundra strait e. all of the above

d. dominating the spice trade through the sundra strait

One social goal of the British authorities in India was to a.abolish the caste system. b. ensure Indians drank tea so that they could profit from its export. c.convert the local population to Christianity. d. establish English-style schools for children of Indian elites. e. None of these answers is correct.

d. establish English-style schools for children of Indian elites.

In spite of the isolation and harsh climate, Russians ventured over the Urals into Siberia in search of a. trade routes to China. b.access to the Pacific. c.gold and silver. d.furs. e. timber.

d. furs

The primary significance o Marco Polos s travels is the fact that: a. he was among the first European to live and work in China. b. he opened European markets to Chinese merchants. c. he introduced Chinese technologies to Europe. d. his adventure inspired European readers to seek profit and adventure abroad. e. all of the above.

d. his adventure inspired European readers to seek profit and adventure abroad

Which of the following statments about the league of nations is not true a. it was conceived by woodrow wilson b. it was rejected by the US congress c. it was designed to solve international disputes through arbitration d. it had no power to enforce its decisions e. it was dominated by the countries of Europe

d. it had no power to enforce its decisions

Which of the following was not part of wittes policy of industrialization a. construction of the trans-siberian railroad b. banking reform to encourage domestic savings and investment c protective tariffs to support emerging russian industries d. nationalization of key industries such as coal and steel e. promotion of foreign investment in russian indusry

d. nationalization of key industries such as coal and steel

The provisional government lost the support of many russians because it c. continued to use the police apparatus of the tsar b. continued policies that discriminated against minorities c. denied Russians the right to free speech and free press d. promised to continue the war to victory e. launched and all-out attack on the worker's soviets

d. promised to continue the war to victory

Rural laboreres new to the factory had dificulty adjusting to the a. relative freedom of the factory system b. the segregation of men and women in the workplace c.absence of children in the workplace d. rigid timetables of industrial work

d. rigid timetables of industrial work

Match the two kingdoms involved in the Spanish Armada a. France v. England b. Scotland v. England c. Spain v. Holy Roman Empire d. Spain v. England

d. spain and england

in response to the challenges raised by the protestant reformation, the catholic church a. launched a military campaign against the german states b. abandoned its monasteries in germany c. abandoned the practice of selling indulgences d. summoned a council to clarify doctrine and strengthen their spiritual commitment e. all of the above

d. summoned a council to clarify doctrine and strengthen their spiritual commitment

The Portuguese slave trade began in the mid-fifteenth century with Portuguese raiders capturing African men and selling them in Europe. How had this trade changed by the mid-sixteenth century? a. Portuguese raiders captured slaves and sold them in the Americas b. Portuguese raiders captured slaves and sold them to British merchants c. the Portuguese no longer participated in the slave trade d. the Portuguese merchants bought slaves from african raiders and sod them to Europe and the americas e.he portuguese brought slaves from dutch raiders and sold them in the americas

d. the Portuguese merchants bought slaves from african raiders and sod them to Europe and the americas

The american colonists won their bid for independence primarily because a. they had superior generals b. they were united in the cause of freedom c.colonial militias were more disciplined and better marksmen than were british troops d. the french and the dutch decided to support them against the british e. all these answers are correct

d. the french and the dutch decided to support them against the british

The Thirty Years' War began when: a.The pope tried to force his subjects to return to the Catholic Church. b. Elizabeth I attempted to force Protestantism on Spain. c.Charles V attempted to imprison Martin Luther. d. The Holy Roman Emperor tried to force his Bohemian subjects to return to Catholicism. e. Louis XIV invaded the Low Countries.

d. the holy roman emperor tried to force his bohemian subjects to return to catholicism

Which of the following is not considered to be part of the Catholic Reformation a. The Society of Jesus (Jesuits) b. Ignatius Loyola c. The Council of Trent d. The Institutes of the Christian Religion

d. the institutes of the christian religion

In Spain, the process of state building and political centralization was accelerated by a.Columbus's quest for a western route to China. b. the reconquest of Granada from the French. c.an alliance with the Islamic states of northern Africa. d.the marriage of Fernando of Aragon and Isabel of Castile. e.all of the above.

d. the marriage of Fernando of Aragon and Isabel of Castile.

The battle of Gallipoli was significant in that a. it sounded the death-knell of the Ottoman empire. b.it demonstrated that the British navy was no match for German dreadnoughts. c. this decisive battle finally broke the stalemate on the western front. d. this British-directed debacle cost the lives of many Canadian, Australian, and New Zealander troops. e.it demonstrated that, after the arrival of American troops, the Allies would win the war.

d. this British-directed debacle cost the lives of many Canadian, Australian, and New Zealander troops.

A political liberal in the 19th century would be likely to advocate a. returning freed slaves to Africa b. the confiscation of church property y the state c. universal suffrage for all men and women, regardless of race d. written constitutions and representative government e. all these answers are correct

d. written constitutions and representative government

The key factor in the decision of the U.S. to enter World War I was a.its long-standing friendship with Great Britain. b.the United States' desire to acquire German colonies in the Pacific. c. American prejudice against German immigrants. the political ambition of Woodrow Wilson. d.Germany's resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare against the

d.Germany's resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare against the

Olaudah Equiano's experience contributed to the abolishment of slavery because he a. served as a legal representative for slaves in the United States. b. established the underground railroad. c. returned to Africa as a Christian missionary. d.exposed the horrors of slavery, particularly the middle passage, to a European audience. e.all of the above.

d.exposed the horrors of slavery, particularly the middle passage, to a European audience.

The Ottoman military had declined by the nineteenth century because a.the Janissary corps was more interested in palace intrigues than in military training. b.the Janissaries resisted all efforts to modernize the army. c. many provincial rulers had private mercenary armies. d.Ottoman forces carried outmoded equipment. e. All these answers are correct.

e all these answers are correct

Proponents of "scientific racism" argued that a. race could be biologically defined and characterized. b. western dominance was justified on the basis on racial superiority. c.the theories of Charles Darwin supported world dominance by the "fittest" races. d. people of European descent were morally superior to other races. e. All these answers are correct.

e. All these answers are correct.

The bubonic plague started in: a. Western Europe. b. North Africa. c.China. d.India. E. Southwest Asia

e. Southwest Asia

Efforts to forge and alliance between the Mongols and the powers of Europe ended when: a. Rabban Sauma was denied access to the pope. b. Christian crusaders attacked Muslims at Jerusalem. c. the Mongols invaded Russia. d.Marco Polo memoirs revealed a Mongol plan to invade Europe. e. the Mongols converted to Islam

e. The Mongols converted to Islam

Under Hongwu, the Ming dynasty was established as a a. feudal state dominated by local warlords. b. military state with a puppet emperor. c. constitutional monarchy. d. decentralized empire with considerable autonomy for local authorities. e. highly centralized, autocratic state.

e. a highly centralized, autocratic state.

African slaves were in demand for the New World because a. so many Native Americans died from imported diseases. b. native peoples frequently escaped into the hinterlands. c. sugar plantations in the Caribbean required considerable labor. d. Spanish and Portuguese conquerors disdained manual labor. e. all of the above

e. all of the above

Factors in the decline of slavery included all of following except a. the anti-slavery movement b. the frequency of slave revolts c. the declining profitability of slaves d. the realization that wage labor in factories was cheaper than slaver labor on plantations e. all of the above

e. all of the above

In response to the challenges raised by the Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Church a. launched a military campaign against the German states. b. abandoned its monasteries in Germany. c. abandoned the practice of selling indulgences. d. summoned a council to clarify doctrine and strengthen their spiritual commitment. e. all of the above.

e. all of the above

In the New World, the Columbian Exchange generally resulted in a. the introduction of infectious diseases. b. the staggering loss of indigenous populations. c. the introduction of domesticated animals such as cattle and horses. d. the introduction of food crops such as wheat. e.all of the above.

e. all of the above

In the new world, the columbian exchange generally resulted in: a. the introduction of infectious diseases b. the staggering loss of indigenous populations c. the introduction of domesticated animals such as cattle and horses d. the introduction of food crops such as wheat e. all of the above

e. all of the above

Richelieu and his absolutist theory heir, Louis XIV, managed to control the nobles of France and their activities by a.crushing the most powerful nobles in a civil war early in his reign. b. heavily taxing the nobles' estates so they could no longer fund private armies. c.requiring the nobility to live at Versailles where he could distract them and keep an eye on them. d. appointing hundreds of new nobles from the merchant class, who were loyal to him. e. all of the above.

e. all of the above

Sunni Ali's administration of the Songhay was strengthened by .a system of provincial governors. b.an effective chain of military command. c. an imperial navy to patrol the Niger River. d.the profitable trans-Saharan traffic. e. all of the above.

e. all of the above

The Peace of Westphalia, which ended the Thirty Years' War, ensured that a. Germany remained fragmented. b.the nations of Europe would no longer go to war over religion. c.each nation was permitted to direct its own internal affairs. d.the balance of power was the new principle of European diplomacy. e. all of the above.

e. all of the above

The most significant impacts of sugarcane production on global economies was: a. widespread deterioration in diet and nutrition. b.the increased demand for slave labor. c. increased demand for tea and coffee. d. increased demand for other luxury goods, such as porcelain. e. all of the above.

e. all of the above

Ibnu Battua was able to travel extensively across Asia and Africa in the early fourteenth century because, a. he was welcomed as an Islamic Judge in many Muslim kingdoms. b. new maritime technology made long-distance travel more common. c.he was able to take advantage of existing trade routes. d.the Mongol kingdoms provided safe passages for merchants and travelers. e.all of the above.

e. all of the above.

In Eurasia, new american food crops translated into a. overall improvements in dieet and nurtition b. steady population growth in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries c. varied cuisine d. better forage for livestock e. all the above

e. all the above

A political conservative in the 19th century would be likely to advocate a. the restoration of the french monarchy after the defeat of napoleon b. limiting suffrage to men of property c. censorship as a reasonable means of preventing social unrest d. government support of the established church e. all these answers are correct