HISTORY

5. What territory did the Mexican-American War open up

1836 Texas gains independence from Mexico and is later annexed by the United States. Mexico views this as an act of war because they do not officially recognized Texas' independence. The war is fought between 1846 and 1848. When Mexico surrenders, they are forced to cede territory that makes up the whole of Southwest U.S.

10. What was Darwin's principle of Natural Selection

According to the idea of natural selection, populations tend to grow faster than the food supply and so must compete for food. The members of a species that survive are those that are the fittest.

3. What was unusual about Australia's first European Settlers

In 1788 Australia is established as a ​penal colony​ for convicted criminals. This is to ease overcrowding in British prisons. After their release they are allowed to purchase land and settle or return home if they pay for their own passage.

7. What is Manifest Destiny

Many believed in the idea of Manifest Destiny which states that the U.S. had the right and duty to rule North America from "sea to shining sea" (Atlantic to Pacific).

2. What was the Dreyfus Affair

Motivated by ​anti-semitism​, French military officer Alfred Dreyfus (Jewish) is accused of selling military secrets to Germany. He is found guilty through the use of false evidence. During the trial and afterwards public opinion is sharply divided. Eventually the French Government overturns his conviction.

6. What were some of the economic differences between North and South before the Civil War

Prior to the Civil War the North and South were split economically. North - Diversified economy with farms and factories with free-workers. South - Relied solely on cash crops and slaves. These economic differences lead to war when the South ​secedes from the Union in 1861.

8. What effect did the assembly line have on production costs

Production is made more efficient with the development of the assembly line​, it also reduces the cost of finished goods making them even more affordable to the average person.

1. What were some of the effects of the Reform Bill of 1832

The Reform Bill of 1832 eases property requirements for voting,granting well to do middle class men the right to vote. By 1884 most adult males gained ​suffrage​ (right to vote).

9. What effect did public education have on culture

The spread of public education increases literacy and produces a mass market for books and newspapers.

secede

To leave or withdraw

4. What were two major reforms urged by the Durham Report

Upper and Lower Canada should be reunited and British immigration should be encouraged. This leads to Canada eventually becoming a ​dominion​ of the British Empire.

penal colony

a colony to which convicts are sent as an alternative to prison

radio activity

a form of energy released as atoms decay

assembly line

in factories an arrangement in which a product is moved from worker to worker with each person performing a certain task

dominion

in the British empire a nation allowed to govern its own domestic affairs

theory of evolution

species of plants and animals arise by means of a process of natural selection

segregation

the legal social separation of people of different races

mass culture

the production of works of art and entertainment designed to appease large audiences

suffrage

the right to vote