History Chapter 14 power points Section 1

After 1900, immigrants to the United States from Southern and Eastern Europe

made up 70 percent of all immigrants. This was up from 1 percent in the mid-1800s.

Why did immigrants come to the United States, and what impact did they have on society?

-Immigrants came to the U.S. for religious and political freedom, for economic opportunities, and to escape wars. -Immigrants adopted parts of American culture, and Americans adopted parts of immigrant cultures.

What were conditions for Chinese and other Asian immigrants at Angel Island?

-Many Chinese were turned away -Some Chinese immigrants were detained at Angel Island for weeks or months in poor conditions. -They waited to see if they would be allowed to stay in the U.S.

In 1882, what did Congress pass to restrict immigration to the United States?

-The Chinese Exclusion Act prohibited immigration by Chinese laborers, limited the rights of Chinese immigrants in the U.S., and forbade the naturalization of Chinese residents. -another law that prohibited the immigration of anyone who was a criminal, a pauper, immoral, or likely to need public assistance.

Pull Factors (attracted them to new place)

-The U.S. offered inexpensive western farmland, as well as employment. -Many so-called "chain immigrants" joined family already in the U.S. -Religious and political freedom existed in America

How did immigrants transform American society?

-They fueled industrial growth. -They helped build the railroads and worked in factories, mills, and mines. -Their traditions became part of American culture. -Increasingly, they became active in labor unions and politics, and they demanded reform

"New" Immigrants (post-1870s)

-Were mainly Catholics or Jews from Southern and Eastern Europe -Sometimes came alone, usually to settle in cities -Were often poor and unskilled

Old Immigrants (pre-1870s)

-Were mainly Protestants from Northern and Western Europe -Came as families to settle on farms with family members or friends -Had money, a skill or trade, or an education

Push Factors (compelled them to leave their homes)

-farmers were pressured by land reform and low prices -revolution and war disrupted economies and left political refugees -religious persecution forced many to flee violence

At Ellis Island, officers conducted legal and medical inspections, how many were denied entry into the US?

2%

Many believed that American society was a "melting pot" where white people of different nationalities blended to create a single culture. Whom did this model exclude?

Asian immigrants, who became targets of social and legal discrimination.

Despite the hopes of settlement workers, immigrants often held on to their traditions by doing what?

They established their own fraternal lodges, schools, and religious institutions such as churches.Immigrants' children, however, became more Americanized.

Immigrants formed fraternal associations which were what?

based on ethnic or religious identity—which provided social services and financial assistance

In the 1870s, fear grew that "new" immigrants would

destroy American culture.

Once in America, immigrants had to find a home and work. They also had to learn English and new customs.Many stayed in cities and took jobs in factories. They lived in ethnic neighborhoods, called

ghettos

In the 1840s and 1950s, German and Irish Catholics immigrated to the United States.Despite prejudice against Catholics,

their children were often able to blend into American society.