History Chapter 9 Section 2

Joseph Smith

- Was a co-founder of the Mormon church. - Leader of mormons

Sante Fe Trail

1821, Southwest Trail opened by Mexico to encourage trade between Mexico and American Traders.

Oregon Trial

2 thousand mile trail. - Marcus and Narcissa Whitman proved they could travel with a wagon on this trail. - Their letters attracted hundreds of other Americans to the Oregon Trail -To this Territory attracted missionaries, converts from Native Americans

"Fifty-Four Forty of Fight" Campaign Slogan

A campaign slogan, used in the election of 1844, that refers to the latitude 54-40, the northern limit of the disputed Oregon territory between America and the British.

Fort Laramie Treaty

Causes - American settlers fear of Native American attack Result - tribes in US government agreed to make a lasting peace. US government violates the treaty and the Native American lands are taken over by the American settlers

Black Hawk War

Chief Black Hawk of Sauk tribe, led rebellion against US; started in Illinois and spread to Wisconsin Territory; 200 Sauk and Fox people murdered; tribes removed to areas west of Mississippi.

Mormon Migration

Go west to find a safe place to practice where they wanted, in Utah, a year later the after Donar Party

Brigham Young

Leader of the mormans which decided to move the group west to utah

Middle Ground

The place where neither the Native Americans nor the settlers dominated.

American Mission

To occupy land from coast to coast. LIKE "Manifest Destiny"

Oregon Territory

territory of Oregon, Washington, and portions of what became British Columbia, Canada; land claimed by both U.S. and Britain and held jointly under the Convention of 1818.

James K. Polk

was president from 1845 to 1849. An ardent believer in manifest destiny, he led the United States into the Mexican War