History Inca

What groups were the commoners split into

Age, sex

What were the textiles made of

Alpaca and vicuna wool, cotton

Pampas

Vast grassy plains of Argentina and Uruguay.

When did Huyana Capac rule

1439-1525

How long was their road system

15,000 miles

How long did Pachacuti rule

33 years

Altiplano

A high plain centered in Bolivia.

How did farmers and commoners support the Inca government?

Farmers and commoners helped to support the government in many ways. For example, before the farmers could cultivate their own land, they had to work on the religious and government land. Commoners had to supply labor for state projects such as building roads and bridges. (This was known as mita)

How did farmer grow crops in the Andes?

Farmers grew crops in the Andes by using terraces to have a flat place on the side of the mountain. They also used irrigation to help them grow crops in the Andes. (Like aqueducts)

Terrace

Flat strips of level land

What metals did they have

Gold silver

Why was human settlement difficult in the Andes?

High elevation, near the ocean, no flat place to farm

How were Inca religion and government combined?

Inca religion and government were combined because each Sapa Inca was regarded as a god on earth.

How did the system of Inca roads help tie the empire together?

Inca roads helped to tie the empire together by allowing soldiers and messengers to travel with ease; the other parts of the empire could be informed of things quickly. These roads made traveling the Andes mountains a whole lot easier

What was the most important god in Inca theology

Inti

Why was Inti the most important god in Inca life?

Inti was the most important god because all of the Incans believed they descended from him and they owed him special worship.

What three animals did the Incas have

LLams, Alpaca, Vicuna

What were the three nobles in Inca society?

Nobles by birth, Appointed Nobles, Non inca chiefs or Curacas

What traits made him a successful empire builder?

One trait that I think made Pachacuti a successful empire builder was his fairness. When he offered people the chance to join the Inca empire, he promised to protect them with peace and protection. Another trait Pachacuti a successful empire builder was his persuasion. If the people were hesitant to join his empire, he told them the consequences if they resisted. He would kill many people in battle and if they survived, they would be thrown into a dungeon with poisonous snakes.

Who was the greatest of the Sapa Incas?

Pachacuti

How did Pachacuti expand the Inca empire?

Pachacuti expanded the Inca Empire by using military force and diplomacy.Pachacuti preferred using diplomacy. Diplomacy means the management of communication and relationships between peoples or nations.

What was the Inca launguage

Quecha

What are two farming techiques of the Incas

Terraces, Irrigation Canals

What resources did the Andean people have?

The Andean people had many resources including gold, silver and copper. Also, they had lots of fish that they were able to catch and eat. This was because they were near the Pacific Ocean. They also had a lot of livestock and farm land to grow crops on. There were wild games, which are animals to hunt.

How far did the Inca empire extend?

The Inca empire extended from 1°N to 36°S.

How was the Inca empire like a welfare state?

The Inca empire was like a welfare state because they took care of their citizens. The empire gave the people food and clothes when they needed it and water in drought. And also, they made sure their people were doing their jobs in order to keep everyone working. The Sapa Inca even went to the cities to see if they were doing well

Why were Incas considered such good engineers?

The Inca were considered such good engineers because they built large roads and bridges. Their buildings were super durable and had perfectly cut stones. You were not able to fit a knife blade between the stones.

What did Inca's build

The Incas built large cities out of stone, monuments, roads, observatories, textiles, and terraces.

How did the Incas view their ruler?

The Incas viewed their ruler as a descendant of Inti, the sun god. He also was regarded as a living god.

Who owned and managed the land

The government

Pachacuti

The greatest Sapa Inca and emperor who rose to power in 1438. He expanded Inca territory through his powerful military force and diplomacy. Ruled in Cuzco Valley in South America.

How did information from the quipus help the government run the empire?

The information from the quipu was helpful for the government because they had messages for other people that were important and that was the quickest way to deliver the message. Also it recorded the number of people for a census.

How was the land owned and divded in the Inca empire?

The land was owned by the government for public use. It was split into three parts, one for the government, one for the priests and religion, and one for the commoners. (ayllu)

Huayna Capac

The last great Sapa Inca who ruled the Inca empire in 1493. At the time, the Inca empire was huge! He expanded the empire to 2,500 miles north to south. During his rule there was peace until he died in 1525; his sons fought for who would rule and the civil war shattered the Inca world.

Diplomacy

The management of communication and relationships between peoples or nations.

What problems might the geography and extent of the Inca empire have caused?

The problems the geography and extent caused was hard farming. The empire was on the Andes Mountains so it was hard to farm, , travel, and govern territory on the mountain sides. The weather was difficult because of the amount of rain which created landslides.

How was the quipu a key tool for Inca government

The quipu was a key tool because codes were knotted into strings to be transferred to parts of the Inca Empire. They were transferred by a man running throughout the empire.

Why did Andean geography require advanced farming techniques?

The reason the Andean geography required advanced farming techniques was because the land was on steep, rocky hills. This made so they had to farm on terraces to make sure their crops didn't roll down the hills.

How did Pachacuti expand the empire

Through warfare and Diplomacy

How do we know what acient Peruvian textiles looked like?

We know what ancient Peruvian textiles looked like because they are still made by descendants of the Incas who make them with pretty much the same techniques.

Welfare state

a government that takes responsibility for the well-being of its citizens.

Ayllu

a group of related families that live together.

Census

a population survey.

Quipu

a record-keeping system using a string with knots.

Hierarchy

a system of ranking members of a group according to their importance.

Administration

management of a government or business.

Communal Property

owned and managed property by the government for the public to use.

Mita

paying taxes from doing labor such as building roads and bridges.

Theology

religious practices and teachings.