History Midterm

How many voters would have had to swear allegiance to the Union under the Wade-Davis Bill? A) A majority. B) 15 percent. C) One-quarter. D) 4 percent.

A) A majority.

What did the Republican Party's nomination of Ulysses Grant for president in 1868 signify? A) A retreat of the Republican Party from radicalism. B) A fear that the Democratic Party would nominate him if they did not. C) That the Civil War had left an angry scar on America. D) That they were so confident of victory that they could nominate someone who had never held elective office before.

A) A retreat of the Republican Party from radicalism.

Black Codes: A) Confined black freedoms with laws that singled out blacks for unequal treatment. B) Introduced segregation of public facilities to Southern jurisdictions. C) Were guidebooks that helped African Americans navigate the challenges of liberty. D) Stipulated clearly the new freedoms and liberties of freedmen.

A) Confined black freedoms with laws that singled out blacks for unequal treatment.

Why did President Andrew Johnson say he vetoed the Civil Rights Act of 1866? A) He doubted whether blacks were qualified for citizenship. B) No additional affirmative action legislation was needed. C) Congress was attempting to infringe on executive powers. D) Enforcement would have been impossible.

A) He doubted whether blacks were qualified for citizenship.

How did President Lincoln dispose of the Wade-Davis Bill? A) He used the pocket veto. B) He asked Supreme Court Justice Salmon Portland Chase to declare the bill unconstitutional. C) He convinced Benjamin Wade to withdraw the bill. D) Elihue Washburne defeated the bill in the House of Representatives.

A) He used the pocket veto.

How did sharecropping help shape the social system of the postwar South? A) It tied the southern economy to agriculture, particularly cotton. B) It kept the population from moving north for jobs. C) It empowered former slaves to become capitalists. D) It enabled rapid industrialization.

A) It tied the southern economy to agriculture, particularly cotton.

Southerners who collaborated with northerners after the Civil War were known as A) Scalawags. B) Carpetbaggers. C) Traitors. D) Yellow dogs.

A) Scalawags.

What prompted moderate Republicans to grow increasingly more radical during Reconstruction? A) The violence aimed at freed people. B) The economic crisis in the North. C) The incompetence of the Freedmen's Bureau. D) The corruption among Southern blacks.

A) The violence aimed at freed people.

What was the principal goal of terrorist organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan? A) To restore white supremacy in the South. B) To keep the carpetbag-scalawag-black coalition intact. C) To prevent immigrants from taking jobs from American-born laborers. D) To enable yeoman farmers to achieve prosperity.

A) To restore white supremacy in the South.

What did the Reconstruction of Act of March 2, 1867, provide? A) It required ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment. B) It established former Confederate states as territories and divided them into military districts. C) It impeached President Andrew Johnson for "high crimes and misdemeanors." D) It extended the Freedmen's Bureau over President Johnson's veto.

B) It established former Confederate states as territories and divided them into military districts.

What was the first accomplishment of the Fourteenth Amendment? A) It required former Confederates to petition for a pardon. B) It overruled the Dred Scott case defining citizenship. C) It guaranteed the right to vote regardless of race. D) It formally ended slavery in the United States.

B) It overruled the Dred Scott case defining citizenship.

Other than getting laborers to work their land, how did the sharecrop system benefit landowners? A) Government subsidies provided them with more income. B) It reduced their risk when cotton prices were low. C) Profits were greater than under the slave labor system. D) It provided employment for immigrants.

B) It reduced their risk when cotton prices were low.

Why was there a shortage of agricultural workers in the South during Reconstruction? A) Former slaves refused to work for former owners. B) Thousands of emancipated blacks left the South to pursue opportunities in the North. C) The cessation of war reopened access to foreign markets. D) The demand for cotton, sugarcane, and tobacco increased.

B) Thousands of emancipated blacks left the South to pursue opportunities in the North.

Why did Congress create the Freedmen's Bureau in 1865? A) To oversee labor-management contracts of former slaves. B) To assist in the distribution of confiscated land to former slaves. C) To supervise elections to ensure freedmen could vote. D) To take care of legal issues for freedmen

B) To assist in the distribution of confiscated land to former slaves.

President Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction required 10 percent of what group to swear future loyalty to the United States? A) Elected officials who had served in Confederate governments. B) Voting population of a state in 1860. C) Current residents of a state. D) Former Confederate soldiers and sailors.

B) Voting population of a state in 1860.

What criticism did radical Republicans have of the Freedmen's Bureau? A) Southern whites intimidated its officers. B) No provision was made for freedwomen. C) Agents sided with landowners against the interests of freed people too often. D) Operational costs were too high for yield in reconciliation.

C) Agents sided with landowners against the interests of freed people too often.

Northerners who came south in the aftermath of the Civil War to introduce reforms or capitalize on opportunities were known as A) Invaders. B) Sooners. C) Carpetbaggers. D) Scalawags.

C) Carpetbaggers.

Although the Freedmen's Bureau mostly dealt with labor relations, these often spilled over into matters of: A) Taxation. B) Criminal justice. C) Civil rights. D) Reparations.

C) Civil Rights

According to the Banks Plan, A) Citizens of New Orleans must show respect to Union soldiers. B) Union soldiers would invade Texas via the Red River. C) Former slaves signed year-long contracts and earned a small percentage of the crop, or $3 per month. D) Residents of Louisiana were exempt from federal taxation.

C) Former slaves signed year-long contracts and earned a small percentage of the crop, or $3 per month.

The Fifteenth Amendment A) Guaranteed all citizens the right to vote. B) Prohibited disfranchisement on account of race, gender, or religion. C) Prohibited disfranchisement on account of race, color, or creed. D) Guaranteed all men the right to vote.

C) Prohibited disfranchisement on account of race, color, or creed.

Those who advocated a harsh peace for the South and citizenship for former slaves were called what? A) Mugwumps. B) Grand Old Party. C) Radical Republicans. D) Liberal Republicans.

C) Radical Republicans.

What labor system for former slaves developed soon after plantation owners reclaimed their land after the Civil War? A) Share tenant system. B) Crop lien system. C) Sharecrop system. D) Wage employment.

C) Sharecrop system.

What group finally decided the presidential race in 1876 in favor of the Republican candidate Rutherford B. Hayes? A) The Electoral College, although all members did not vote as had voters in their states. B) Supreme Court justices. C) Military officers in charge of voting in the South. D) An appointed electoral commission composed of a majority of Republicans.

D) An appointed electoral commission composed of a majority of Republicans.

What first symbolized the transfer of initiative in Reconstruction from the executive to the legislative branch? A) The Supreme Court ruling in the case of Ex parte Milligan. B) Congress reducing the military appropriation for 1866. C) The impeachment of President Johnson. D) Congress overriding President Johnson's veto of the Civil Rights Act and the extension of the Freedmen's Bureau.

D) Congress overriding President Johnson's veto of the Civil Rights Act and the extension of the Freedmen's Bureau.

What was accomplished by the Second Reconstruction Act passed in July 1867? A) It convicted President Johnson of contempt of Congress. B) It overrode President Johnson's veto of the Civil Rights Act. C) It required ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment. D) It ensured black suffrage by placing the army in charge of voter registration.

D) It ensured black suffrage by placing the army in charge of voter registration.

What effect did reports of violence against freed people have on Congress? A) Conservative Republicans refused to raise taxes to help. B) Liberal Democrats were outraged. C) Conservative Democrats sided with the Republican do-nothing policy. D) Moderate Republicans were radicalized.

D) Moderate Republicans were radicalized.

What is meant by the term "redemption"? A) Accepting former Confederate states back into the Union. B) Return of "that old-time religion" in the South. C) Cleansing the Republican Party of the taint of corruption and scandal. D) Restoration of local, white control in former Confederate states.

D) Restoration of local, white control in former Confederate states.

Which amendment to the Constitution officially ended slavery, or "involuntary servitude," in the United States? A) Fifteenth Amendment. B) Fourteenth Amendment. C) Eighteenth Amendment. D) Thirteenth Amendment.

D) Thirteenth Amendment.