History of funeral service

Who usually had funeral processions during the night a. Greeks b. Romans c. Christians d. Europeans

b. Romans

cult of Dionysius is associated with which of the following cultures

b. ancient greeks

which of the following is Not part of roman committal service a. Casting earth upon remains by family of deceased b. Purification of family and friend by washing of the hands c. Burial mass celebrated at the grave site d. Dedication of the burial grounds

c. Burial mass celebrated at the grave site

Elysian fields is the death belief of what culture

c. Greeks

most expensive method of Egyptian embalming is five steps the last of which is

d. bandaging and anointing

which was NOT part of the expensive Egyptian embalming method a. removal of brain through ear or nostril b. drying in open sunlight c. evisceration through the abdominal incision d. immersion in molten asphalt

d. immersion in molten asphalt

the individual designated to eviscerate and wash the Egyptian remains was a. apothecary b. scribe c. surgeon d. none of these

d. none of these

Medieval Irish wakes were known for their

d. light hearted practicies

the name of the Jewish grave covered with a stone slab a. Chamber b. Pyramid c. Mausoleum d. sunken

d. sunken

individual involved in embalming the Egyptian dead whose functions were embalming and wrapping of the remains was a. apthecary b. pathmacist c. dissector d. surgeon

d. surgeon

during the middle ages a waxed death mask was referred to as an

a. effigy

the _________ are credited with the introduction of cremation a. greeks b. Egyptians c. romans d. americans

a. greeks

how often did the Inundation (overflowing) of the Nile river occurs

a. once a year

deity who is known as the God of the underworld is a. osiris b. anubis c. isis d. horus

a. osiris

which of these was not a consideration with the introduction of metallic burial casket? a. ounces per square foot b. introduction of ogee design c. emphasis on preservation of the dead d. change sin various designs

a. ounces per square foot

the egyptian God of the dead was

b. Osiris

Egyptians felt that intellect and emotion was the seat of the

b. brain

Most common form of disposition for early Scandinavians was a. Earth burial b. Cremation c. Dissection d. Cave burial

b. cremation

earliest assumed state of man was deceptive of which era

b. eolithic

who was the Greek historian called the father of history?

b. herodotus

First people to dress dead in white clothing were

b. romans

Egyptian burial receptacles which were large massive and rectangular in shape describe the ___________ casket a. earthenware b. sarcophagus c. anthropoid d. wooden

b. sarcophagus

Jewish funeral customs were noted for their a. traditional respect for their burial ground b. simplicity c. utilization of cremation d. desire to thoroughly preserve the body

b. simplicity

the years associated with the Medieval period:

c. 600 AD to 1850 AD

Cult of Osiris, identified with which early civilization

c. Egyptians

Deceased Hebrews dressed in a. All white burial clothing b. Toga c. Best attire d. Clothing which signified their state in life

c. best attire

Tree burial was associated with

c. north american Indians

the sun worshipers believed people were developed from ______ elements a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 6

d. 6

Percentage of Egyptians prepared by inexpensive method of embalming a. 2% b. 10% c. 18% d. 80%

d. 80%

First Christian ruler of rome was a. Nero b. Horus c. Alexander d. Constantine

d. Constantine

with which Era are years 30,000 BC to 6,000 BC

d. neolithic

jewish religious sect which had a very strict viewpoint of their religious policies and procedures were the a. conservative b. progressive c. reformed d. orthodox

d. orthodox

according to ancient Egyptian dead beliefs the element of the body which remained with body in grave and demanded attention from the living was

a. Ka

great plague of London took place during the

a. Middle ages

Which culture ad thrown their dead to hordes of wild dogs

a. Mongolians

in discussion early American funerals inviters to funerals and town undertakers were referred to as

a. Municipal officers

which people are know to have skinned their dead as part of the body preparation procedure?

a. North American Indians

of the following individuals involved in the Egyptian embalming process, who was in charge of funeral procession of an influential Egyptian a. Physician b. Surgeon c. Chief embalmer d. Scribe

a. Physician

Libitina and libitnerius are funeral functionaries identified with which of the following early cultures

a. Romans

Focal point of a roman funeral procession was the a. Torch bearer b. Freedmen c. Jesters d. Singers

a. Torch bearer

which of these was not a major influence in the development of chemical embalming a. air right receptacles b. civil war c. element of disinfection d. a longer viewing period

a. air tight receptacles

the placing of various organs in canopic jars and embalming by class distinction was specifically associated with which of the following early civilizations

a. ancient egyptains

the individual involved in embalming the Egyptian dead whose function was to annoint the body with oils, spices, and ointments was the a. apothecary servant b. dissector c. anatomist d. scribe

a. apothecary servant

the year 1628 associated with what great event in history of embalming

a. blood circulation

necropolis was the a. city of the dead b. land of the cemeteries and crypts c. worship place of cult of osiris d. worship place for sun worshipers

a. city of the dead

according to ancient Egyptian history which of the following numbers approximates the number of years required to complete the journey known as the circle of necessity?

b. 3,000

Culture associated with practice of immersing body of dead in earthen jars filled with honey or wax

b. Babylonians

one of the countries which made mask making very popular in replacing the body during the long periods the body was lying in a state was a. Scotland b. England c. Ireland d. Germany

b. England

Guild of all souls was established in

b. London England

Jewish people believed the individual was made up of two elements which were a. Horus an isis b. Nefesh and basar c. Chron and cereberus d. Styx and hades

b. Nefesh and basar

one in Egypt known as god of underworld and judge of the dead

b. Osiris

Which of the following individuals involved in the Egyptian embalming process was the most prominent a. Chief embalmer b. Priest c. Apothecary d. Dissector

b. Priest

People who dressed their dead in togas were the a. Greeks b. Romans c. Christians d. Hebrews

b. Romans

the Egyptian coffin which gained popularity because of the influence of Osiris was called the a. portrait b. anthropoid c. sarcophagus d. eartenware

b. anthropoid

Period when Egyptians were embalming bodies was a. Medieval b. Neolithic c. Ancient d. Paleolithic

c. Ancient

Ba, yakhu, the name, the heart, the shadow and the ka are elements of the body associated with what culture

c. Egyptians

Which of the following does not have any significance in the greek burial practices and customs a. Obol b. Cerberus c. God's little acre d. Charon

c. God's little acre

Person who had gannal's book published in US a. Malpighi b. Leeuwenhoek c. Harlan d. Harvey

c. Harlan

the "kiss of peace" represented a major break between Christians and the a. greeks b. romans c. jews d. Europeans

c. Jews

the use of an effigy became popularized during

c. Middle ages

the Crier in the ancient Rome was referred to as the

c. Praeco

the term sarcophagus refers to which of the following

c. a coffin

the term used by the Jewish people to represent the flesh

c. basar

injection of cedar oil into the abdomen of the body was utilized in the medium priced method of Egyptian embalming, causing the organs in the cavity to a. become hard b. have adequate amount of preservation c. be dissolved d. sterilized

c. be dissolved

burial trends during middle ages were greatly influenced by a. public b. king c. church d. death beliefs

c. church

with the introduction of coffins and early funeral goods which of these were primarily pursuing the undertaking profession a. clergy b. doctors c. craftsman d. survivors

c. craftsman

many historians credit The greeks as the first to use a. Wheel b. Oxen to pull bier c. Cremation d. Burial containers

c. cremation

most desirable mode of disposition for the Egyptians was a. cremation b. burial at sea c. entombment d. earth burial

c. entombment

the term Tabona referred to which of the following

c. flint stone knife

which of these came first a. treatment of disease b. formulation of government c. funeral customs d. formulation of definite religious beliefs

c. funeral customs

in the Mythological concepts of the greek afterlife, the greeks prepared the body to go to a. Sheol b. Valhalla c. Hades d. Commune Sepulchram

c. hades

Person responsible for bringing the European embalming techniques to the US

c. harlan

Early Scandinavians referred to Valhalla as a. Hades b. Nothingness c. Land of the dead d. Land of the sea

c. land of the dead

in Egypt history walled suburb of a major city where embalming was performed was called

c. necropolis

most noted impact the Egyptian coffins had on another civilization was with the a. greeks b. jews c. romans d. hebrews

c. romans

ancient Egyptians beliefs of the cult of osiris who was osiris wicked brother a.ba b. ka c. set d. anibus

c. set

Constantine's sumptuary laws a. Guaranteed a funeral service for everyone b. Permitted burial within Rome walls c. Was a body of mortuary laws d. Regulated cost of a roman funeral

c. was a body of mortuary laws

the country which practiced "Communion of the dead" was what a. Germany b. Ireland c. Scotland d. Both b and c

d. Both b and c

Jewish burials were schedule

d. During the day of death during before sundown

Person who discovered formaldehyde in 1868 a. Bellows b. Barnes c. Holmes d. Hofmann

d. Hofmann

which of following was not part of Egyptian funeral procession a. professional mourners b. body placed on sled drawn by oxen c. religious representatives d. jesters

d. Jesters

in discussing the undertaking specialists of Ancient Egypt, which of following was referred to as the priest?

d. Kher-heb

Roman head undertaker was referred to as the a. Praeco b. Designator c. Pollinators d. Libitinarious

d. Libitinarious

The designator in ancient rome was called the

d. Master of Ceremonies

Burial societies were becoming common place during

d. Medieval period

a "sin eater" was associated with which of the following

d. Middle ages

People who cremated their dead with all of their wordily possessions were a. Romans b. Greeks c. Christians d. Northern Europeans

d. Northern Europeans

of the following individuals in the Egyptian embalming process, the person who marked the length of the incision with a charcoal pencil was the a. Physician b. Surgeon c. Embalmer d. Scribe

d. Scribe

which of the following is NOT true of Jewish funerals

d. Women always prepared dead bodies

the "father of modern embalming" in the US is

d. dr. Thomas Holmes

the ones who created mummies that were called Xaxos

d. gaunches

Name of greek afterlife was a. Valhalla b. Sheol c. Commune sepulchrum d. Hades

d. hades

civilization of people whose faith necessitated burial of the deceased by sundown on the day of the dead a. Egyptians b. greeks c. africans d. hebrews

d. hebrews

canopic jars which housed the organs of deceased Egyptians were named after the 4 sons of a. osiris b. isis c. set d. horus

d. horus

which of these was not a consideration in the development of coffins and burial cases a. improvement in style and composition b. emphasis on increased utility c. desire for complete protection d. importance on preservation of the deceased

d. importance on preservation the deceased

which of the following did the Egyptians believed that the center of the universe was

d. the sun

regarding the journey known as the circle of necessity, according to the Egyptians, where did this journey lead

d. to the sun and back

great plague of London was during

a. 1664-1665

what percentage of Egyptians populace were prepared by the expensive method of embalming a. 2% b. 10% c. 18% d. 50%

a. 2%

Dark ages had another name called

a. Middle ages