History of Modern Architecture Part I
red, yellow, and blue black, gray, white as neutrals
De Stilj colors
1. rooms for total works of art to exist on walls 2. international exchange of ideas 3. universal means of creation for all arts 4. art becomes life 5. end division between artist and man 6. oneness, universalness 7. relationship between space and time (dimension, proportion, material)
De Stilj manifestos
the style
De Stilj means...
1. abstraction - only essential elements 2. constructivism - reveal method of construction 3. industrial means of production
3 values of the Bauhaus
1. pilotis 2. roof terrace 3. free plan 4. free facade 5. ribbon window
5 points of architecture
Charles-Edouard Jeanneret-Gris (changed name in 1920)
Le Corbusier's real name
Founder of De Stijl movement, architect planar abstraction/decomposition isometric drawings
Theo van Doesburg
-"building house" -"construction house" -gesamkunstwerk / total work of art -total design -incorporate machine while maintaining handcraft -use industrialization for good (reaction to WW1) -mass production -design available to everyone
What is the Bauhaus?
Johannes Itten
Who introduced color theory in the Bauhaus?
subtle, careful detailing (not stark and austere) natural patterned materials (stone)
characteristics of early modern architecture
1. grande gamme = yellow/red ochres, earth tones, white, black, ultramarine blue 2. gamme dynamique = lemon yellows, oranges, bright green, light blue 3. gamme de transition = madder reds, emerald green, lacquer colors hues advance and recede
colors of purism
-Form has priority -Color is accessory and depends on material form
describe purism
spaces/cubes, not plans (more 3D thinking) spatial interaction austerity (no unnecessary ornamentation or faux materials) extending + stretching space (mirrors) load bearing walls
describe raumplan
beginnings of Modernism various styles - vernacular decoration, industrial production, classical form no longer following tradition of historical art as reference Vienna Otta Wagner + Joseph Olbrich + Gustav Klimt
describe the secessionist movement
Walter Gropius, Hannes Meyer, Mies Weimar, Dessau, Berlin
directors and locations of Bauhaus
"to the time is art, and to that art is freedom"
quote on secessionist building
