History of Physical Activity - Chapter 5

When did the industrial revolution begin?

18th century

What was the name of the situation in which 8 White Sox players allegedly paid to throw World Series against Cincinnati Reds & when did this take place?

Black Sox Scandal in 1919

Where was Pete Rose (Charlie Hustle) born?

Cincinnati, OH

What book did Guttmann write in 1978 that pioneered sports becoming highly organized?

From Ritual to Record: The Nature of Modern Sports

What was the second research method in history of physical activity?

Human Agency

What was the first research method in history of physical activity?

Modernization theory

What was the theory that emphasized that rise of modern sport occurred during industrial revolution as U.S. society shifted away from agricultural economics to city based industries rooted in science and technology?

Modernization theory

Where is Ty Cobb from?

Narrows, GA

Who was the MLB player that was accused on betting on MLB games (some he played in, some he managed) and what was the consequence for this?

Pete Rose (Charlie Hustle), he was banned from MLB for life

What was Cobb's nickname and who did he play for?

The Georgia Peach and he played for Detroit Tigers, then Philia Athletics

A handful of U.S. scholars studied history of of physical activity during what time period?

from late 19th century through early 20th century

Whose MLB hit record did Pete Rose break?

hit record of Ty Cobb

What is the research method in which people are actively involved in developing or constructing their sports?

human agency

Which research method is focused on how development of sports occurred, gender differences, and exercise & health (began in 1980s)?

human agency

Sports became highly organized during what time period?

industrial revolution

What were the two records that Pete Rose set while being in the MLB?

most games played & most hits for MLB player (4256)

In the 1600s, what was happening in North America related to physical activity?

people worked hard, religious prohibitions against amusement took place, and people started to participate in traditional British/European sport

What are some reasons as to why we use the history of physical activity?

teaches us changes and stability in the past, helps us understand past and present, helps us make reasonable decisions for the future

What minor league team did Pete Rose play for and in what year?

the Macon Peaches in 1962

What did the Black Sox Scandal lead to in the MLB?

the banning of other MLB players, coaches, and managers for having contact with gamblers

In 1920 what happened to the White Sox players in the Black Sox Scandal?

they were banned from MLB

What are the two things that the History of Physical Activity is used for? What went on during the time period of 1900-1950? consumerism, immigration, and democratization What went on during the time period of 1950-present? electronic communication and globalization What were the three focuses for each time period of history of physical activity in North America? participation in physical activity, physical activity professions, scholarly knowledge about physical activity The idea of integration of mind, body, and soul wad adopted during which time period (promoted importance of keeping body healthy - proper diet and exercise)? 1840-1900, industrialization and westward expansion Vigorous exercise for boys and men ( for health and developing moral character) was a recommendation during what time period? 1840-1900, industrialization and westward expansion Moderate exercise for girls and women (because training too hard was considered unladylike, some adopted vigorous exercise by end of 19th century) was a recommendation during what time period? 1840-1900, industrialization and westward expansion European gymnastics systems became popular during what time period? 1840-1900, industrialization and westward expansion Which type of European gymnastics had cultural societies called Turnvereins? German Exercise on heavy equipment (parallel bars, vaulting horses, hanging rings) is called what? Turnvereins Which type of European gymnastics consisted of exercise focused on lighter equipment (dumbbells, weights) and calisthenics? Swedish What was founded in 1851? YMCA What was founded in 1858? YWCA What programs adopted parts of German and Swedish gymnastics systems + American developed exercise programs? YMCA & YWCA The Boston Turnvereins focused on what? German immigrants The Caledonian Club focused on what? Scottish culture (caber toss, racing, pole vault) What is hurling? an Irish sport When did a rise in consumerism in U.S. take place? 1900-1950, consumerism, immigration, democratization What two things led to a rise in cosumerism in U.S.? industry perfection of mass production (food, appliances) and advertising Sports were benefited during what time period due to what? 1900-1950 due to consumerism (became entertainment) What were popular sports during 1900-1950? professional baseball, professional boxing, horse racing, and collegiate American football

to identify and describe patterns of change and stability in physical activity in particular societies or cultures during specific periods & to analyze these patterns

What three things did the Industrial Revolution bring about?

transcontinental railroad, cotton gin, & electricity