HLSC 130: Drugs, Society, and Human Behavior

According to the early medical models of substance dependence, when was the dependence said to be cured?

when a user no longer had withdrawal symptoms

Arrange the substances that are responsible for causing US deaths annually. Place the substance that causes the most deaths first

Cigarettes, Alcohol, Psychoactive drugs

" " dependence on a drug is defined by the presence of withdrawal syndrome in the user

physical

three main concerns aroused public interest leading to their regulation

toxicity, dependence, crime

Identify an example of a withdrawal syndrome

A heroin user who experiences diarrhea when he or she stops using

Identify an accurate statement about attributing cause of dependence to a substance

A substance itself cannot be seen as the entire cause of a dependence problem

Identify the diseases that are at an increased risk of transmission due to needle sharing activities of intravenous drug users

AIDS and Hepatitis

Identify the substance, which causes emergency room visits, that is excluded from the data collected by the Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) System

Alcohol used by an adult

The toxicity that results from effects of a drug on the behavior of a user is called " " toxicity

Behavioral

How does a regular drug user overcome his or her body's tolerance toward a particular drug to experience the desired effect of the drug?

By increasing the dose of the drug

The " ", set up by the US government, was a system that collected data on drug related deaths or emergency room visits

Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN)

According to early medical models on substance dependence, dependence was characterized by the " "

Existence of a withdrawal syndrome due to drug intake

True or false: According to the 1960's experiments of self administration of morphine by monkeys, only those monkeys who were initially made physically dependent on the drug continued pressing the level for their morphine intake

False

Identify the personality traits that are frequently and increasingly being associated with the tendency do develop substance dependence

Impulsivity, sensation-seeking

Identify an accurate statement about the biological basis for substance dependence

There are genetic influences on drug use, effects, and dependence

Drugs are said to be " " when they produce effects that interfere with normal functioning in such a way as to produce dangerous or potentially dangerous consequences

Toxic

Identify the main concerns that motivated the federal government to pass laws that placed restrictive regulations on the sale and use of psychoactive drugs

Toxicity, Dependence, Crime

A consistent set of syndromes that appears after discontinuing use of a drug is known as a(n)

Withdrawal syndrome

top four dawn toxicity data on drugs

alcohol in combination cocaine prescription opioids marijuana

four types of drug related toxicity

behavioral acute (DUI) behavioral chronic (personality changes) physiological acute (overdose of prescription) physiological chronic (heart disease)

It is likely that the relationship between illicit drug use and other forms of deviant behavior is strengthened by the fact that " "

illicit drug use is a crime

The idea that substance dependence is like a disease takes a broad, " " perspective that dependence might be related to dysfunctions of biology, personality, social interactions, or a combination of these factors

biopsychosocial

In the context of substance dependence being a family disorder, " " of family members on the user facilitates further substance use by that user

co dependence, alcoholic will depend on other family members to take care of them

the notion that " " forms the basis of arguments in favor of passing laws to regulate drug use and drug users.

drug use changers a user's personality in a lasting way

True or false: Abstaining from taking a drug is reinforced by the effect of the drug

false

To prove that all compulsive behaviors have some common physiological or biochemical action int he brain, theorists have " "

focused on studying dopamine, an important neurotransmitter in the brain

In the experiments conducted in the 1960's, monkeys and rats were connected to an apparatus so that pressing a lever would inject morphine into their body through:

intravenous tubes

Examination of the lives of alcohol-dependent individuals reveals that alcohol dependence " "

often exists within a dysfunctional family

" " dependence on a drug, also called behavioral dependence, can be defined in terms of observable behavior of a user toward a drug

psychological

In psychology, " " is a procedure in which a behavioral event is followed by a consequent event such that the behavior is then more likely to be repeated

reinforcement

Prior to being recognized and treated directly, psychiatrists assumed that alcohol dependence was " "

secondary to another disorder

the 1960's experiments on drug use by monkeys concluded that

the drugs themselves positively reinforce the drug taking behavior