HLT 230 - Unit 2 week 9? Quiz

Evaluating Sources of Information 2 Which of the following statements is true? In the United States, people can include "RDN" after their name, even if they aren't qualified to use the credential. According to scientific research, anecdotes that describe how nutrients benefit health are reliable sources of information. A person who uses a drink that contains vinegar as a cure for patients with lung cancer is practicing quackery. A disclaimer on a product's label provides proof that the product is likely to live up to the manufacturer's claims.

A person who uses a drink that contains vinegar as a cure for patients with lung cancer is practicing quackery.

Scientific Method 4 Which of the following statements is true? Before scientists begin their research, they usually develop a question to guide their study. An experimental study doesn't need to have a control group. In the United States, nutrition scientists often conduct studies on humans before doing animal testing. In a single-blind study, both the researchers and the human subjects don't know their group assignments.

Before scientists begin their research, they usually develop a question to guide their study.

Protecting Consumers from Fraud 4 In the United States, which agency investigates complaints about false or misleading health-related claims that appear in food advertisements? Federal Trade Commission Organization for Honesty in Advertising Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Environmental Protection Agency

Federal Trade Commission

Protecting Consumers from Fraud 1 The government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Agricultural Research Service (ARS). Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Federal Trade Commission (FTC).

Protecting Consumers from Fraud 2 Mitch recently tried a hair-restoring product that he purchased from an Internet website. The package's label displayed the following claim: "Rubbing a tablespoon of 'NutraTerraMino' on your scalp each day will cure the hair loss associated with the aging process." After a month of using "NutraTerraMino" daily, he stopped because the product made his hair fall out. Based on this information, Mitch should file a complaint with the Bureau of Health Fraud. Federal Trade Commission. Environmental Protection Agency. Department of Public Safety.

Federal Trade Commission.

Label Claims 1 Mariele purchased a box of cereal that had the following claim on the label: "Eat one bowl of this cereal a day for a month, and your skin with be healthier." Mariele is skeptical about the honesty of the claim. She should report her concern about the claim to the Federal Trade Commission. Food and Drug Administration. Better Business Bureau. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.

Food and Drug Administration.

Registered Dietitians Which of the following statements is true? A person with a PhD has the proper training to be a registered dietitian nutritionist. A nutritionalist has the same credentials as a registered dietitian nutritionist. Quackery is the practice of dietetics without proper training and credentials. In general, registered dietitian nutritionists are reliable sources of nutrition information.

In general, registered dietitian nutritionists are reliable sources of nutrition information.

Evaluating Internet Sources of Information 4 Which of the following statements is true? In general, personal websites, such as blogs, are reliable sources of nutrition information. Nutrition departments at websites with .edu in their addresses are likely to provide reliable nutrition information. U.S. laws require promoters of nutrition-related products to publish information in magazine articles and books that's honest and not misleading. The Internet is generally a reliable source of nutrition information, because information provided at websites has to be peer-reviewed before it can be posted.

Nutrition departments at websites with .edu in their addresses are likely to provide reliable nutrition information.

Evaluating Sources of Information 1 Which of the following statements is true? Testimonials for weight loss supplements are usually based on scientific evidence. Promoters of nutrition misinformation often take advantage of the general public's mistrust of scientists. The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution guarantees the right of consumers to be protected from health misinformation. In general, commercial (*.com) Internet websites are reliable sources of scientifically-based nutrition information.

Promoters of nutrition misinformation often take advantage of the general public's mistrust of scientists.

Evaluating Credentials 1 A popular fitness magazine has an article about the health benefits of high-fiber diets. Which of the following credentials indicates that the author is likely to be a reliable source of food and nutrition information? MS DMD RDN MSRN

RDN

Evaluating Credentials 2 A popular women's magazine has an article about planning a nutritious diet. Which of the following credentials indicate the author is likely to be a reliable source of food and nutrition information? HES DNS PhD RDN

RDN

Human Studies 2 Which of the following statements is true? Scientists typically use different methods to conduct research, which explains why studies involving humans often have conflicting results. Scientists are unlikely to obtain money to conduct research if they don't consider the opinions and beliefs of the people in agencies who fund such projects. Scientists have peer reviewers analyze the designs of their human research studies because the peer-review process reduces research bias. Scientists developed dietary recommendations for the U.S. population after analyzing results of a single American study, the Framingham Heart Study.

Scientists typically use different methods to conduct research, which explains why studies involving humans often have conflicting results.

Evaluating Sources of Information 3 Which of the following statements is true? Registered dietitian nutritionists aren't required to maintain their certification regularly. In the United States, only registered dietitian nutritionists can provide nutrition information legally. The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution often protects people who spread nutrition misinformation. You can ask your personal physician for nutrition advice because physicians have the same training as registered dietitian nutritionists.

The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution often protects people who spread nutrition misinformation

Red Flags 2 An ad for a weight-loss product contains several dishonest and misleading statements. Which of the following statements is a "red flag" statement that's in the ad? This product may raise your blood pressure and increase your risk of a heart attack, so don't take more than the recommended dose. This product should not be taken during pregnancy because it can harm your baby. This product can damage your liver when combined with other drugs, so do not take it with alcohol and/or medications. This product is guaranteed to raise your metabolism by 400%, which is why it causes you to lose weight safely and rapidly.

This product is guaranteed to raise your metabolism by 400%, which is why it causes you to lose weight safely and rapidly.

Journals 2 Men's Journal and Family Circle may be unreliable sources of nutrition information, because registered dietitians are usually hired to write the articles about nutrition that are published in these journals. the general public and public libraries subscribe to them. authors generally pay the editors of popular magazines to publish their nutrition articles. articles in such popular magazines generally do not undergo peer-review before they are published.

articles in such popular magazines generally do not undergo peer-review before they are published.

Designing Studies 1 Having a control group enables researchers to avoid using harmful interventions when testing members of the experimental group. test possible questions for future research efforts. provide specific treatments to participants of the group. compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group.

compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group

Evaluating Internet Sources of Information 1 Which of the following websites is most likely a source of biased and unreliable nutrition information? dietsnomore4u.com purdue.edu choosemyplate.gov eatright.org

dietsnomore4u.com

Understanding Key Terms 12 A magazine advertisement for a weight loss product includes before and after photos of a woman who supposedly lost 50 pounds in 3 weeks while taking the product. The bottom of the ad includes the statement, "Results are not typical." This statement is an example of a(n) testimonial. placebo. anecdote. disclaimer.

disclaimer

Journals 1 Articles that appear in the Journal of the American Medical Association are reliable sources of health information because the editors know the authors have already published articles in other scientific or medical journals. have other scientists review and react to the content of articles before publishing them. only publish articles written by scientists whose research is funded by various health-related associations. are trained to recognize and reject articles that include questionable findings.

have other scientists review and react to the content of articles before publishing them.

Human Studies 1 A scientist would like to collect information concerning the health of a large group of older adults. To obtain this information, the scientist conducts a controlled human experiment. single-blind study. double-blind study. medical history survey.

medical history survey.

Understanding Key Terms 7 Researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of vitamin D on the human body. The study involves providing pills that contain vitamin D to one group of human subjects and pills that do not contain the vitamin or other active ingredients to another group of people. The pills that do not contain vitamin D are distractors. interventions. placebos. antidotes.

placebos

Understanding Key Terms 6 Researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of vitamin C on the human immune system. The study involves providing pills that contain vitamin C to one group of human subjects and pills that do not contain vitamin C or other active ingredients to another group of people. The pills that do not contain the vitamin are antidotes. treatments. placebos. supplements.

placebos.

Understanding Key Terms 11 A person claims his newly invented device treats cancer without surgery, medication, or other forms of conventional medical therapy. However, people who have used the device report that it wasn't helpful and may have harmed them. According to this information, the inventor's claims and his device are placebos. quackery. anecdotal evidence. clinically proven.

quackery

Evaluating Claims 1 During a television interview, Dr. Ima Quack provides the following statement. "Most Americans suffer from nutritional deficiency diseases and will develop cancer within the next 10 years because they're not taking my megavitamin formula therapy." Dr. Quack's statement is an example of a(n) scare tactic. anecdotal evidence. scientific observation. biased report.

scare tactic.

Understanding Key Terms 5 Phil is a participant in a study designed to examine the effects of taking a new protein-containing product on muscle tissue development. Phil suspects he's in the experimental group, because he's certain his muscles are bigger and stronger as a result of taking the product supplied by the researchers. When the study is completed, Phil learns that he didn't receive the new source of protein. Phil thinks the researchers made a mistake—he's certain his muscle mass increased while he consumed the product. According to this information, Phil's belief that his physical condition improved while he participated in the study is an example of participant fatigue. an anecdotal report. human subject bias. the placebo effect

the placebo effect