HN 2210D Midterm OSU w/ Dr. Williams Summer 2014

Example of a biochemical assessment:

"There is sugar in your urine, indicating a potential for diabetes diagnosis."

Example of an anthropometric measurement:

"Today you weigh 175 pounds; you met your goal of losing 4 pounds in the last month."

Example of an environmental assessment:

"You say you eat candy bars because they are the cheapest way to make you feel full. Do you ever feel you do not have enough money to purchase healthy foods?"

Example of a dietary assessment:

"Your food record says you drink soda every day. On average, how many cups, cans, or bottles of soda per day do you drink?"

Example of a clinical assessment:

"Your skin appears very dry and stays pinched when I touch it. How much water are you drinking?"

The human body's storage capacity varies for different nutrients. Match the nutrient to its appropriate storage capacity or component.

Adipose-Fat Glycogen in the muscles and liver-Short-term storage of carbohydrate Blood-Small amount of glucose and amino acids Liver-Many vitamins and minerals

Which of the following includes all energy-yielding substances?

Alcohol, carbohydrates, lipids, protein

Which factors affect food choice?

All of these factors affect food choice (social needs, food cost, food marketing, and lifestyle)

Which of the following accurately describes the term hypothesis?

An educated guess by a scientist to explain a phenomenon.

Which of the following terms describes psychological influences that encourage us to find and eat food?

Appetite (**hunger is physical drive)

Which of the following is true about the North American diet?

Approximately half of our carbohydrates come from simple sugars.

Which of the following statements is consistent with the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

Balance the calories you eat with physical activity.

Which of the following is true about the energy content of nutrients?

Carbohydrates and proteins supply 4 kcalories per gram.

There are two separate organ systems that circulate fluids in the body. The circulating fluids are either lymph or blood. Which body system carries blood throughout the body?

Cardiovascular system

You pick up a box of Cheerios cereal in the supermarket. The Nutrition Facts panel tells you that a 1-cup serving provides 25 percent of the ______ for iron.

Daily Value

Which of the following is true about the way we should eat to achieve good nutritional status?

Eat a wide variety of foods because no single natural food meets all human nutrient needs.

Which government agency is responsible for regulating most U.S. food labeling?

Food and Drug Administration

Many of the top ten leading causes of death in the United States have a strong correlation to what a person decides to eat or not eat during his or her lifespan. What are the top two leading causes of death in the United States?

Heart disease and cancer

Where does digestion begin?

Mouth

There are a number of important secretions and products made in the digestive tract. Examples are:

Saliva-Lubricates food in preparation for swallowing Mucus-Serves as protective lining for digestive tract organs Enzymes-Promotes digestion of nutrients into components that are small enough for absorption Bile-Helps fat digestion by suspending fat in water in the small intestine Bicarbonate-Neutralizes stomach acid when it reaches the small intestine

Which of the following is not required on a nutrition label?

The amount of all vitamins and minerals for which there is an RDA. (**The serving size, total kcalories from fat per serving, total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium, protein, and total carbohydrate in sugars and dietary fiber are required)

An unfortunate consequence of a lifetime of uncontrolled diabetes is kidney damage. Some people with diabetes and kidney damage eventually need kidney dialysis, a process in which the person is hooked up to a machine that functions as the body's kidney(s). What is the primary role of the kidneys?

The kidneys remove waste from the body.

A poor diet is a risk factor for the major chronic diseases seen today.

True.

The MyPlate icon doesn't address the types of foods that should be chosen from each food group.

True.

The "Freshman 15" is the

amount of weight (in pounds) typically gained during freshman year of college.

A nutrient is considered to be ________ if, when left out of the diet, it leads to a decline in biological dysfunction.

essential

A kilocalorie is a measure of

heat energy.

Chemical substances that are found in food are called _______.

nutrients

The study of how food impacts health through its interaction with our genes and its subsequent effect on gene expression is called

nutrigenomics.

The science of _____ involves the relationship between food and health.

nutrition

The most active area for the absorption of nutrients into the body is the

small intestine.

Linda's mother is constantly calling her and complaining that she is constipated. Linda does some research and makes the following recommendations to her mother to help alleviate constipation. All of these are correct recommendations for alleviating constipation EXCEPT

take calcium or iron supplements that help alleviate constipation. **Correct ways to alleviate constipation include eat more high-fiber foods like whole grain breads and cereals, increase water intake to help prevent dehydration, which makes constipation worse, and try to develop more regular bowel habits such as allowing the same time each day for a bowel movement, which will help train the large intestine to respond routinely

In order to make healthful and logical nutrition decisions, beware of

testimonials about personal experience.

The RDAs for nutrients are set

to cover the needs of 97% - 98% of the population.

We receive energy in the form of _______ contained in the foods we eat.

calories

In human physiology, ____ of the same type join together to form ___, which in turn form more complex structures called ___.

cells; tissues; organs **The human body is composed of trillions of cells. Cells of the same type join together to form tissues. One, two, or more tissues then combine to form more complex structures, called organs.

The constant turnover of body tissues requires the ______ supplied by carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.

chemical energy