HORTICULTURE

Gypsum can change soil pH and it is most effective in improving soil structure in sodic soils (high in sodium) because it replaces and removes sodium from the soil.

False

Materials used when lowering soil pH include sulfur, lime and iron sulfate.

False

Plant growth is the result of many naturally occurring chemicals in the soil.

False

Subsoil contains the most organic matter.

False

The beauty of a flower does nothing to attract insects.

False

The process of photosynthesis has recently been duplicated by humans and is no longer a challenge for researchers to examine.

False

The temperature of the air has one of the weakest affects on plant growth.

False

Water movement in plants is pushed up by the roots.

False

The use of biostimulants reduces the need for _____.

Nitrogen

______ are the joints at which buds, leaves and branches grow out from the stem.

Nodes

The genus name of a plant is usually a (an) _______

Noun

The generic name of Papaver is _____

Poppy, Papavera

Plants play an essential role in ___.

Producing Oxygen, producing food, slowing down the wind.

A plant's "clock" is located in the _______ of plant cells. The clock controls the enzyme that modifies a protein necessary for photosynthesis as the day starts and light energy is available.

Nucleus

To aid in moisture retention, _____ matter is added to the soil because it holds many times its own weight in water.

Organic

The leaf stalk is known as the ___________.

Peticole

What is the opposite of photosynthesis?

Respiration (Cellular Respiration)

Which part of the root absorbs the moisture and minerals?

Root hairs

Scientists have discovered that _____ acid is produced by plants when attacked by a disease organism.

Salicylic

What design elements can be used to develop outdoor walls?

Shrubs, fences,trellises

The aster family includes the _______ genera.

Silvermound, Artemesia

Allelopathy is the production of a chemical compound by one plant the _______ another plant.

Slows down or stops the growth of (another plant)

Microphylla are known as ____ plants.

Small leaf, microphylla

_____ may be used to determine the name of the soil by mechanical analysis, actually measuring the percentages of sand, silt and clay present in the soil.

Soil texture triangle

What structure on the underside of leaves allows the leaf to breathe or transpire?

Stoma

From 90 % to 95% of the water lost from a plant is lost by transpiration through _______ in the leaves.

Stomata

The scientists who identify and classify plants are known as_____.

Taxonomist

On which plant is chemical blossom used?

Tomatoes

A 3-D approach to landscape design allows clients to see a photographic image of the landscape design.

True

A plant's biological "clock" controls an enzyme that modifies a protein necessary for photosynthesis as a day starts and light energy is available.

True

Biostimulants are natural products.

True

Biostimulants stimulate microbial activity and improve soils cation exchange capacity.

True

Carbon monoxide can reduce plant growth.

True

Computers and mechanized equipment are used by today's landscape architects in conjunction with the design process.

True

Directly or indirectly, plants are the primary source of food for humans.

True

During landscape analysis, the landscape architect should investigate the quality of topsoil and subsoil and the condition of lawn areas.

True

Graphic art can reduce the actual dimensions of the area to be landscaped to a size that can be illustrated for the client in a drawing.

True

Ground covers are good for surfacing areas where no one will be walking, such as slopes and under trees.

True

Meiosis is the reproductive cell division that results in the formation of gametes (sex cells).

True

Pinching out the terminal leaf bud of a shoot nullifies the effect on axillary buds.

True

Plant cells are made of protoplasmic material with a nucleus and a cell wall.

True

Plants are in constant motion.

True

Plants have natural sun blocker compounds called flavonoids in their leaves.

True

Rubber liners last longer than PVC liners.

True

The chemical blossom set causes seedless fruit to set on blossoms and results in tomatoes ready to eat as much as ten days earlier than normal .

True

The goal of residential landscaping is to determine the capabilities of the land area and the needs and desires of the homeowners.

True

The plant medium must be evaluated in terms of soil pH.

True

The release of water vapor from living plants is transpiration.

True

They are indifferent to the African violet and the tomato plants.

True

Turf areas should be separated from other plantings and irrigated separately.

True

Xeriscaping is used primarily for water conservation.

True

_______ exists when the terminal bud secretes chemicals that inhibit or prevent the growth of axillary buds on the same shoot.

Apical dominance

Cytoplasm is the gas that gives the plant cell inside the cell wall it's shape.

False

Betula alba is a type of birch, alba means _____'

"Alba" means white

Cytokinins will not work without ____.

Auxins

As the cost of labor decreased, orchardists began looking for larger fruit trees that could produce more fruit.

False

Centrosome is the liquid that fills the cell and gives the cell wall it's shape.

False

What approach to landscaping design has opened up a whole new type of presentation?

3-D

How many hours of full sun do most plants need to flower well?

6 hours

What percentage of a plant's fresh weight is water?

70 to 90%

What does a landscape architect use to determine the capabilities of a site?

A site analysis

Organic matter improves soil structure through _____.

Aggregation

What common animal feed crop contains a natural growth stimulant?

Alfalfa

What prevents rotting of the cutting?

Captan

The binomial system of naming plants was developed by a famous Swedish botanist, __________.

Carolus Linnaeus

If a plant is allowed to reach the extreme wilting stage, _____ occurs.

Death

A plant with male and female flowers on separate plants is called _____

Dioecious

. One casualty of America's agricultural revolution and the use of chemicals is the loss of native soil algae, which allow plants to grow with less water, fewer added nutrients, and fewer pesticides.

False

A complete series of rootstock known as the malling rootstock was developed in France.

False

Allelopathy is a man-made growth regulating chemical that was produced in 1987.

False

Apical is a systemic (a material that penetrates the plant, enters the plant sap, and moves through the plant) that works by blocking the plant hormones that stimulate growth.

False

"Xeriscape" comes from the Latin word Xero for "dry" and scapes for "dryscape"

False, Greek prefix "xero" meaning dry and landscape.

Related genera (plural of genus) with similar flower structures are grouped together into major units known as _______ ( such as roses).

Families

What does gibberellic acid enable plants to do?

Grow taller

When droplets form on a plant's leaf, this is called _____

Guttation

Growth regulating substances in plants are called ______

Hormones

The chemical most commonly used today for rooting cuttings is _____.

Indolebutyric acid

A profession that integrates art and science and considers how plants and elements of landscapes will react to the environment is _____.

Landscape architect

Which career field deals primarily with installation of landscapes?

Landscape contracting

After a landscape has been installed, whose job is it to care for it?

Landscape maintenance contractor

Landscape maintenance typically includes what services?

Lawn care, tree care, flower care

Small openings in the stem of the plant that allow gases to exchange are called_____.

Lenticels

The external stem structure contains_______

Lenticels

Sandy soil consists of _____.

Less than 20% slit and clay

______ seems to work by blocking photorespiration.

Methanol

The ______ is the large center vein from which all other leaf veins extend.

Midrib

A plant that has only one cotyledon is called____

Monocot

Plants are referred to as _____ because they have only one cotyledon.

Monocots

Today's plants are_____'

More resistant to diseases

What is the most popular surface for an outdoor "floor"?

Turfgrass

What is the master principle of landscape design?

Unity

Mulching can reduce water lost by runoff and evaporation by what percent?

Up to 90%

During cellular respiration, plants_____

Use Oxygen

Today, chemical retardants are used commercially as a (an) ______ part of the growing process of many plants.

Usual

With xeriscaping, plants are grouped according to their need for what resource?

Water

Leaves that encircle the plant are known as ______.

Whorled

If green plants show a ______ color, this indicates a nitrogen deficiency.

Yellow

Plants with two seed leaves are known as _______.

dicots

Lettuce and radishes are ______ plants.

long day

Chrysanthemum and Christmas cactus are ________ plants.

short day