Housing and Interior Design Final
Household
1 or more people who occupy a dwelling, both family and non-family members
French Normandy
1 story w/ narrow door and windows openings, steep pitched roofs, walls covered with stucco over a half timbered frame
Ranch
1 story, asymmetrical, low-pitched roof, rectangular floor plan
Spanish style
1 story, flat, low-pitched red tile roof, stucco, whitewashed plaster walls, asymmetrical, iron exterior decor
How much of a families income is spent on housing?
1/3 of income spent
What is the typical scale used in drawings for homes?
1/4=1'
Family
2 or more people living together who are related by birth, marriage, or adoption
How wide is the average hallway?
36-48"
What are the safety guidelines for traffic patterns?
40 inches wide, move in and out without disturbances, should be direct, no cross traffic
What are three types of innovative housing solutions?
Housing on Mars, Underground and underwater housing
What do zoning regulations control?
How land will be used (residential, commercial, industrial, or a combo)
What is the difference between passive and active solar heating?
Active - special equipment on roof to capture sun's energy Passive - no working parts, design features or construction material makes max use of sun for heating
How does space affect people's perception of a room?
Affects how will use it, how they will use it, communication of positive or negative feelings, overwhelmed with big or claustrophobic with small
What does CADD stand for? What does it do?
Computer Aided Drafting and Design, software/hardware that creates designs with a computer
CPSC
Consumer Product Safety Commission
What factors do Interior designers consider when planning space for doors?
Door can swing open, big enough for hallway
What are the types of circulation?
Family, Guest, Work, Service
Government affects housing at what level?
Federal, state, and local levels
What is the name of the architect that designed the Prairie style house?
Frank Lloyd Wright
Which rooms should be close to one another in a house?
Garage to kitchen, bedroom to bathroom, kitchen to dining
How does Geothermal heat work? What are some advantages to geothermal energy?
Heat pump transfers heat from the ground or water into buildings in winter and reverse the process in the summer. Advantages - low cost in comparison, no emission of pollutants into the environment, renewable resource
What emotions are given through the following lines: Horizontal Vertical Curved Diagonal
Horizontal - peace, relaxation, calmness, restfulness Vertical - height, strength, dignity, permanence, stability, formality Curved - organization, uniformity Diagonal - communicate low to high level of activity
What are the advantages of Zero Energy Homes?
Improved comfort, reliability, energy security, environmental sustainability
What are the types of factory built houses?
Kit housing, precut housing, modular housing, manufactured housing
List the resources of the natural environment
Land, water, trees, solar energy, climate
What is the Fair Housing Act? What does it prohibit/require?
Legislation that gives people with disabilities greater freedom to choose a place to live that meets their needs. Forbids discrimination in housing and requires multi units to be accessible to people with disabilities
How do people's changing lifestyle affect their housing?
People have different needs that change over time
What lines are included in the alphabet of lines?
Phantom, Visible, Hidden, Center, Dimension/Extension, Break, Sections lines
What are the sections of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
Physical needs - shelter, food water Security - protection, safety in surroundings Love & acceptance - praise, support, assurance Esteem - person's need for respect Self-actualization - fulfillment, satisfaction
What are the three zones of a home?
Private, public, service
Adobe
Pueblo in New Mexico lived in
What are the principles of sustainable design?
Select renewable materials, use recycled/recyclable materials, produce less waste, use renewable energy sources, protect occupant health & safety, use less energy, conserve water use
Cape Cod
Small, symmetrical, 1 or 1 1/2 stories, steep gable roof and side gables
Who built the first log cabins?
Swedish and Finnish colonists
What were the early versions of apartments called?
Tenement houses
Creativity
ability to use imaginative skills to make something new
Photovoltaic System
active solar system that converts sunlight into electricity
How has households headed by married couples changed from 1940-2013?
They have decreased
How do you know if you have a well-designed room?
Traffic flows correctly, clearance for 1 or more people
EPA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
What influences our housing decisions?
Value, family relationships, space needs, cost, roles, lifestyle
Do Armories and tall mirrors have horizontal lines or vertical lines?
Vertical lines
Does everyone have basic needs?
Yes
Before you arrange a space do you NEED to develop a template of the space?
Yes, it's necessary
Single-family home
a dwelling that houses one family
Duplexes/Triplexes/Quadplexes
a house divided into two/three/four apartments/self-contained residences/households
Lifestyle
a living pattern or way of life
Lifecycle
a series of stages through which an individual or family passes during its lifetime
House
any building that serves as living quarters for 1 or more families
Housing
any dwelling that provides shelter
Home
any place a person lives
Planned Neighborhood
area with zoning restrictions, developers organize the subdivision and make decisions about lot size and layout of individual lots before constructing dwellings
Topography
arrangement of physical features of the land, and its climate that influence the location and design of dwellings
Sustainable materials?
bamboo, wood, cork flooring, linoleum
Needs
basic requirements that people must fill to live
Which rooms are part of the private area of the home?
bedroom, bathroom
Federal
box shape, symmetrical, 2 stories, flat roof, portico, pediments
Hillside Ranch
built on a hill, Partially exposed basement, Allows use of natural light and possibility of exterior entry
What factors should be considered when arranging furniture?
circulation, traffic patterns, look, feeling
What are the elements of design?
communication, visual imagery, design
Row Houses
continuous groups of dwellings linked by common sidewalls
Contemporary Style
current houses constructed today, reflect designs from traditional styles
Pilaster
decorative crown over the top of a front door with flattened columns along each side
Isometric Drawing
drawing that illustrates a space or product in 3 dimensions at same time, resulting in overhead view showing depth perception at a 30-degree angle
Portico
open space covered with a roof supported by columns
Schematic Drawings
freehand sketches of a proposed plan the designer uses in refining the design
Give examples of renewable energy sources
geothermal energy, sun, wind, water
How is the size of a space often defined?
height, length, width
Earthship Housing
houses made of old materials, tires, cans, mud, expensive
Substandard housing
housing is not up to the quality living standards prescribed by law that are best for people
Square Footage
measurement of house size that refers to the amount of living space in the home
Cornice
molded and projecting horizontal member that crowns architectural elements such as columns
What happens to housing when the economy is healthy?
more houses are built
What does a Building Information Model do for Architects?
newer design software for entire building life cycle, shows building through all stages of its life
Roles
patterns of behavior that people display at home, in the workplace, or in the community
Site
piece of land on which a dwelling or structure is built
Yurt
portable hut made of several layers of felt covered with canvas
What does the function of design refer to?
refers to its convenience, usefulness, and organization
Adaptive reuse
renovation which involves updating an existing building for new and creative use
Gambrel roof
roof with lower, steeper slope and an upper less-steep slope on both of its sides
Hip roof
roof with sloping ends and sides
Why were early settlements built close together?
security concerns
Floor Plan
simplified drawing that shows the size and arrangement of rooms, hallways, doors, windows, storage areas on 1 floor of a home
Attached House
single-family units that hold one household but share common walls with houses on each side
Belvedere
small room on the roof of a house used as a lookout
Near environment
small, distinct part of the total environment in which people live
Dormer
structure with windows that projects through a sloping roof in the second story
Visual texture
texture you see, but cannot feel
Physical Neighborhood
the land and buildings that make up a neighborhood
Cooperative
type of ownership in which people buy shares of stock in a non profit housing corporation
Infrastructure
underlying foundation or basic framework
Early Classical Revival
used classical detail of Greek and Italian design, not English style
Mansard roof
variation of gambrel roof, low slopes of roof encircled the house, and dormers often project from steeply pitched part of the roof
Tactile texture
way a surface feels to the touch
Symmetrical
when objects on both sides of a center point of line are identical
Palladian
window with large center section and 2 side sections, arched