HROD Chapter 11 MC - Leadership

B) initiating structure.

According to the Ohio State studies, the extent to which a leader's behaviour is directed toward getting the job done is called A) consideration. B) initiating structure. C) employee-oriented. D) contingency theory. E) job structure.

E) intervenes only if standards aren't met.

A leader would NOT be called transformational when he or she A) pays attention to the concerns and developmental needs of individual followers. B) changes followers' awareness of issues. C) is able to excite, arouse, and inspire followers to give forth more effort. D) is charismatic in nature. E) intervenes only if standards aren't met.

D) manager

A person who relies on control strategies to get things done by subordinates is called a A) leader. B) director. C) mentor. D) manager. E) peer.

B) participative.

According to the path-goal theory, a leader who consults with employees and uses their suggestions before making a decision is referred to as A) supportive. B) participative. C) institutional. D) charismatic. E) directive.

A) achievement-oriented.

According to the path-goal theory, a leader who sets challenging goals and seeks improvements in performance is referred to as A) achievement-oriented. B) participative. C) institutional. D) charismatic. E) directive.

E) Fiedler Contingency Model

A theory that proposes effective group performance depends upon the proper match between the leader's style and the degree to which the situation gives control to the leader is called the A) Path-Goal Theory. B) Behavioural Model. C) Inspirational Leadership Model. D) Situational Leadership Theory. E) Fiedler Contingency Model

C) initiating structure.

According to the Ohio State studies, the extent to which a leader is likely to define and structure his or her role and those of subordinates in the search for goal attainment is called A) structured coercion. B) dominance. C) initiating structure. D) employee orientation. E) consideration.

A) consideration.

According to the Ohio State studies, the extent to which a leader shares mutual trust and respect for his or her employees is referred to as A) consideration. B) task-oriented behaviour. C) initiating structure. D) concern for production. E) employee-oriented behaviour.

A) directive

According to the path-goal theory, a(n) ________ leader lets followers know what is expected of them and gives them specific guidance. A) directive B) indirective C) supportive D) participative E) achievement-oriented

E) directive.

According to the path-goal theory, an approach focused on providing specific guidance and establishing work schedules and rules is referred to as A) supportive. B) participative. C) institutional. D) charismatic. E) directive.

C) leadership.

Acts that activate change in others congruent with the long-term objectives of the organization are known as A) charisma. B) management. C) leadership. D) social responsibility. E) transformation.

C) maintains and allocates resources

Although much research has taken place in an attempt to describe leadership and differentiate it in terms of how it is practiced in a variety of situations, the conclusions don't always appear to be satisfactory. Which of the following is a managerial trait, rather than a leadership trait? A) plans strategy B) questions standard practice C) maintains and allocates resources D) uses empowering strategies E) reforms the system

E) both considerations and initiating behaviours improved employee job satisfaction and group performance.

An integrated study on specific leader behaviours and their impact on group performance and employee job satisfaction revealed A) no behaviours consistently improved employee job satisfaction and group performance. B) only high initiating behaviours consistently improved employee job satisfaction and group performance. C) only high consideration behaviours consistently improved employee job satisfaction and group performance. D) offering rewards with consideration behaviours gave the highest employee satisfaction and group performance. E) both considerations and initiating behaviours improved employee job satisfaction and group performance.

E) achievement-oriented.

Cora has a highly motivated staff that enjoys challenges. According to Path-Goal Theory, the best leadership style for her would be A) directive. B) supportive. C) charismatic. D) participative. E) achievement-oriented.

B) contingency theory.

Don is a good leader who believes that leaders should choose their style based on their perceptions of situational factors. This is known as A) trait theory. B) contingency theory. C) path-goal theory. D) behavioural theory. E) management theory

B) management

Emery's best skills revolve around day-to-day activities maintaining and allocating resources in his department. He is exhibiting A) supervision. B) management. C) leadership. D) transformation. E) charisma.

C) participative.

Fred is facing a decision in which it is critical that his staff internalize the goals and carry through on the actions independently. According to Path-Goal Theory, the best leadership style for him would be A) directive. B) supportive. C) participative. D) charismatic. E) achievement-oriented.

D) leadership can be learned.

If leadership behavioural theories are correct, then A) leadership trait theories are incorrect. B) leaders are born with leadership behaviours. C) leader behaviour should be altered. D) leadership can be learned. E) attribution theory has no validity.

C) supportive

Jing is an effective leader who is friendly with his staff and always shows concern for their needs. According to Path-Goal Theory, he is a ________ leader. A) directive B) participative C) supportive D) achievement-oriented E) charismatic

C) management.

John is very effective at acting within the established culture of the organization, and gets a lot done with this approach. John is exhibiting A) supervision. B) leadership. C) management. D) transformation. E) charisma.

A) have higher productivity.

Leaders who are high in task orientation A) have higher productivity. B) rank their employees higher on performance appraisals. C) show no difference in job satisfaction. D) are more motivated. E) show no difference in motivation.

D) there appear to be two dimensions of leadership-task and people.

Leadership theorists seem to agree that A) a leader's style is fixed. B) a leader's style is flexible. C) traits are always important. D) there appear to be two dimensions of leadership-task and people. E) good leadership guarantees good results.

B) transformational

Lilly does a great job of inspiring her employees to go beyond their own self-interests for the good of the organization. She thus is known as a ________ leader. A) transactional B) transformational C) supportive D) participative E) competent

B) efficient structures; create vision

Managers give organizations ________ while leaders ________. A) change; stability B) efficient structures; create vision C) inspiration to become; handle day-to-day activities D) day-to-day goals; create structure E) efficient structures; detailed planning

D) charismatic

Mei is a leader who has a clear vision of what her unit needs to accomplish; she is willing to take personal risks to achieve that vision, and she is sensitive to the needs of those who follow her. She is thus known as a ________ leader. A) directive B) supportive C) participative D) charismatic E) achievement-oriented

D) participative leader

Path-goal theory identifies which leader as necessary for situations where the employees must "buy-in" and internalize the decision in order to be motivated in the task? A) directive leader B) supportive leader C) task leader D) participative leader E) achievement-oriented leader

A) directive leader

Path-goal theory identifies which leader is necessary for situations where the employees have ambiguous tasks? A) directive leader B) supportive leader C) task leader D) participative leader E) achievement-oriented leader

B) leadership.

Ron always seems to be challenging the status quo and looks to create change whenever he feels that it is needed, and that is often. Ron is exhibiting A) supervision. B) leadership. C) management. D) transformation. E) charisma.

C) leadership.

Steve is greatly admired in his organization, as he is an innovative thinker when problems arise; Steve always asks the questions "how does this align with our goals and how can we get there?" He rarely concerns himself with "how do we usually handle a problem like this?" He is exhibiting A) supervision. B) management. C) leadership. D) transformation. E) charisma.

D) employee orientation

The University of Michigan studies identified which characteristic with effective performance as a leader? A) consideration B) interpersonal relations C) nonverbal relations D) employee orientation E) leadership contingency

A) employee-oriented.

The University of Michigan studies identify leaders who emphasize interpersonal relations as A) employee-oriented. B) initiating-oriented. C) production-oriented. D) relationship-oriented. E) contingency-oriented.

D) are more motivated.

The followers of leaders who are high in employee orientation or consideration behaviour A) are higher in productivity. B) rank their employees higher on performance appraisals. C) show no difference in job satisfaction. D) are more motivated. E) show no difference in motivation.

C) supportive, directive, participative, achievement-oriented.

The leadership behaviours identified by the path-goal theory are A) participative, goal-oriented, supportive. B) achievement-oriented, humanistic. C) supportive, directive, participative, achievement-oriented. D) participative, directive. E) supportive, achievement-oriented.

A) path-goal.

The leadership model that integrates the expectancy model of motivation with the Ohio State University leadership research is A) path-goal. B) Fiedler's. C) leader-participation. D) autocratic-democratic. E) leader-member exchange.

A) Path-Goal Theory.

The theory that says that it's the leaders job to assist followers in attaining their goals and to ensure that these individual goals are compatible with the overall goals of the organization is called the A) Path-Goal Theory. B) Behavioural Model. C) Inspirational Leadership Model. D) Situational Leadership Model. E) Fiedler Contingency Model.

1. C) charisma. 2. C) transformational

The two leaders in your department are very different. John believes that he should guide and motivate by clarification of the roles and tasks of his subordinates. Alan feels that his role should be to provide individualized consideration and intellectual stimulation. Most of the workers believe that both leaders are well trained, but Alan has a special "spark" that employees feel when they work with him. 1. That special "spark" that people notice when they work with Alan may be termed A) transactional. B) laissez-faire. C) charisma. D) structure. E) transcendent. 2. Alan is which type of leader? A) transactional B) Theory X C) transformational D) laissez-faire E) situational

B) transformational leader.

The type of leader who inspires followers to transcend their own self-interest for the good of the organization and who is capable of having a profound effect on his or her followers is a(n) A) transcendent leader. B) transformational leader. C) transactional leader. D) employee-oriented. E) situational leader.

A) a business facing the introduction of a radically new product

There are situations when charismatic leadership would be beneficial. Which of the following would be an example of such a situation? A) a business facing the introduction of a radically new product B) a business facing no life-threatening crisis C) during a time of peace D) during a time of political stability E) a seasonal business closing down temporarily

A) directive

Tim lets his staff know exactly what is expected of them, and gives them specific guidance as to how to accomplish their tasks. According to Path-Goal Theory, he is a ________ leader. A) directive B) supportive C) participative D) charismatic E) achievement-oriented

C) consideration.

Wadi is a leader whose work relationships with his staff are characterized by mutual trust, with respect and regard for personal feelings. According to behavioural theories, this is known as A) hyperbole. B) initiating structure. C) consideration. D) emotional intelligence. E) key traits.

B) contingency theories

What theories propose leadership effectiveness is dependent on the situation? A) behavioural theories B) contingency theories C) phenomenal theories D) dependency theories E) normative theories

B) less respect for colleagues.

When a leader is high in consideration behaviour employees tend to have A) less respect for the leader. B) less respect for colleagues. C) more job satisfaction. D) less job satisfaction. E) les job motivation.

D) They are perceived as managers of the status quo.

Which of the following is NOT true of a charismatic leader? A) They have a vision and the ability to articulate that vision. B) They have behaviour that is out of the ordinary. C) They are assertive and self-confident. D) They are perceived as managers of the status quo. E) They are perceived as being a change agent.

C) self-confidence

Which of the following is characteristic of a charismatic leader? A) little regard for employees B) no commitment to company C) self-confidence D) team management E) conformance to established norms

D) administers subsystems within an organization

Which of the following is characteristic of a manager? A) innovates for the entire organization B) asks "what" and "why" to change standard practices C) is a status quo challenger D) administers subsystems within an organization E) uses empowering strategies to make followers internalize values

B) Effective leaders are more concerned with the people they lead than about getting the job done.

Which of the following statements is inconsistent with successful leadership behaviour patterns? A) Pioneering work in this area was done at the University of Michigan and the Ohio State University. B) Effective leaders are more concerned with the people they lead than about getting the job done. C) An individual scoring high on one dimension of leader behaviour will not necessarily score low on the other dimension. D) The two major dimensions of leader behaviour focus on people and tasks. E) Two dimensions of leader behaviour have been labelled as initiating structure and consideration.

C) path-goal theory

Which of the following theories assumes subordinates will react favourably to a leader who helps them progress toward their desired goals? A) behavioural approach B) attribution theory C) path-goal theory D) situational leadership model E) leader match approach

1. B) initiating structure 2. A) consideration, employee-oriented, and participating

Your supervisor has been studying leadership and has described so many theories to you that you are really confused. You ask her to explain the similarities of the many theories so that you can understand the relationship between them. 1. What other term might be used to describe the concept of "task" in behavioural and contingency leadership theories? A) supportive B) initiating structure C) consideration D) relationship-oriented E) employee-oriented 2. What other terms might be used to describe the concept of "people" in behavioural and contingency leadership theories? A) consideration, employee-oriented, and participating B) directive leadership, production-oriented, and supportive C) supportive, directive leadership, and relationship-oriented D) consideration, relationship-oriented, and initiating structure E) goal-setting, planning, and supportive

C) Moderate, positively

________ assertiveness is ________ correlated to leadership effectiveness. A) High, positively B) High, negatively C) Moderate, positively D) Moderate, negatively E) Low, positively