HSC4572-Ch3

_____ suspends lipids in the watery chyme in the small intestine so that lipids can be more easily digested by lipase enzymes.

bile

Bile aids digestion of _____ in the small intestine. -protein -carbohydrates -alcohol -fat

fat

Fats are digested by _____.

lipase

Amylase is the enzyme needed to digest ______.

starch

Chyme is formed in the:

stomach

When gallstones block the duct that carries bile from the gallbladder to the small intestine, a personal usually experiences pain in the:

upper right abdomen

Identify causes of hemorrhoids. -added stress to the veins of rectum and anus -pregnancy and obesity -straining during bowel movements -recurrent urinary tract infections -bacterial infections

-added stress to the veins of rectum and anus -pregnancy and obesity -straining during bowel movements

The chemical breakdown of starch that occurs in the mouth is due to the enzyme action of: -pepsin -lipase -protease -amylase

-amylase

The chyme produced in the stomach is very acidic and would damage the absorptive cells that line the small intestine. To neutralize this acid, the pancreas releases _____ into the small intestine. -proteases -bile -bicarbonate -mucus

-bicarbonate

Place the following parts of the large intestine in order, from the time food matter enters from the small intestine until it exits the body. -descending colon -sigmoid colon -transverse colon -cecum -ascending colon

-cecum -ascending colon -transverse colon -descending colon -sigmoid colon

Before feces are eliminated, they are held in the: -ileocecal sphincter -cecum -rectum -gallbladder

-rectum

Which of the following are signs or symptoms of hemorrhoids? -streaks of blood in the stool -pain with bowel movements -frothy, foul-smelling stool -itching in the rectal area

-streaks of blood in the stool -pain with bowel movements -itching in the rectal area

Gluten is naturally found in which of the following grains? -oats -wheat -barley -rye

-wheat -barely -rye

Intrinsic factor is required for absorption of vitamin ______.

B-12

Gallstones may develop during rapid weight loss or prolonged fasting due to the: -overstimulation of the gallbladder by high levels of dietary fat -stomach shrinking and thus not making enough bile -liver secreting more cholesterol into the bile -live working overtime to metabolize all the food

-liver secreting more cholesterol into the bile

Depression and stress likely contribute to the development of: -IBS -NCGS -GERD -CD

IBS

T/F: Each enzyme is specific to only one type of chemical process.

True

T/F: Each enzyme specific to only one type of chemical process.

True

One substance responsible for the digestion and absorption of fat in the small intestine is:

bile

The liquid contents of the stomach are a mixture of acid, enzymes, and partially digested food known as:

chyme

Foods containing live microorganisms, which are eaten in an attempt to promote digestive health, are called: -prebiotics -probiotics

- probiotics

Increasing fiber and fluid is adequate to correct mild cases of: -constipation -duodenal ulcers -diarrhea -GERD

-constipation

Nutrition therapy for mild cases of constipation includes: -consuming more fluids daily -adding a calcium and iron supplement -taking a laxative daily -consuming more fiber daily

-consuming more fluids daily -consuming more fiber daily

Arrange the parts of the small intestine in order they appear in the GI tract. -jejunum -ileum -duodenum

-duodenum -jejunum -ileum

Bile aids digestions of _____ in the small intestine. -fat -carbohydrates -alcohol -protein

-fat

A lipase is an enzyme that digests: -carbohydrates -proteins -fats

-fats

The initial goal of diet therapy for diarrhea is to provide: -soluble fiber -fluids and electrolytes -omega-3 fatty acids -B vitamins

-fluids and electrolytes

The organ that stores bile is the: -stomach -liver -gallbladder -pancreas

-gallbladder

Dana reports abdominal pain, gas, and bloating after eating, especially meals that are high in fat. She may have: -GERD -an ucler -gallstones -hemorrhoids

-gallstones

The secretion of more cholesterol into bile may lead to _____. -gallstones -skin cancer -headache and dizziness -kidney stones

-gallstones

Based on current research, what are the two factors needed for development of celiac disease? -genetic predisposition to celiac disease -infection with h. pylori bacteria -dietary exposure to gluten -stress and depression

-genetic predisposition to celiac disease -dietary exposure to gluten

Which of the following are hormones secreted by the pancreas? -glucagon -insulin -lipase -amylase

-glucagon -insulin

In contrast to the small intestine, the large intestine: -is longer in length -lacks villi -has increased bacterial action -has decreased bacterial action -lacks digestive enzymes -has increased secretions of enzymes

-lacks villi -has increased bacterial action -lacks digestive enzymes

Identify three organs that are an important part of the digestive system, even though they do not come in direct contact with food matter in the gastrointestinal tract. -esophagus -anus -liver -gallbladder -pancreas

-liver -gallbladder -pancreas

Which of the following are possible causes of acute diarrhea? -microorganisms -antacids -dehydration -malabsorbed carbohydrates

-microorganisms -malabsorbed carbohydrates

List the organs of digestive tract in order, from start to finish. -mouth -esophagus -stomach -small intestine -large intestine

-mouth -esophagus -stomach -small intestine -large intestine

Which of the following digestive complaints are commonly causes by bacterial infections? -constipation -peptic ulcers -diahrrhea -gallstones

-peptic ulcers -diarrhea

The contraction of muscles in the esophagus is called: -bolus -nerve contractions -peristalsis -chyme

-peristalsis

T/F: The stomach is the site of most nutrient digestion and absorption.

False