HTH 351 - Exam 1

Health Literacy definition

"The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions" - Healthy People 2020

The benefit(s) of using a theory is/are:

-Specifies methods of behavior change -Helps in choosing the right mix of strategies -Enhances communication between professionals

2 parts of PRECEDE/PROCEED

1.Educational diagnosis (PRECEDE) 2.Ecological diagnosis (PROCEED)

Reciprocal Determinism

1.The environment shapes our lifestyles 2.Our lifestyle choices shape the environment

According to the text and lecture notes, how many steps are involved in the Precede/Proceed Model?

8

Which of the following would best describe perceived susceptibility in the context of the Health Belief Model?

A woman decides to have yearly mammograms starting at age 25 because many women in her family have been diagnosed with breast cancer.

Cognitive Theory

Behavior is a function of the subjective value of an outcome and probability (expectation) that a particular action will achieve that outcome

Kelly sees a commercial for a new cervical cancer vaccine, and subsequently makes an appointment with her doctor to get the vaccine. In this case, what does the commercial represent?

Cues to action

Telling your healthcare provider that you do not intend to take your prescription would be described as:

Direct refusal

The social assessment analyzes the community's perceived and actual needs, whereas the ____________ helps to prioritize health needs.

Epidemiological assessment

As a qualified healthcare professional, you should always be successful in getting your clients to change their negative behaviors.

False

In the pre-contemplation stage, the person is fully aware of the need to change their behavior.

False

Self efficacy and self esteem are basically the same thing

False

The Health Belief Model is widely used ONLY in the primary prevention field.

False

The occurrence of relapse means that the person has failed to change their behavior.

False

Health promotion and politics are not interrelated (T/F)

False.

Efficacy expectations are...

Learned

Public Policy

Local, state, federal policies and laws regulate or support health actions and practices for disease prevention, early detection, control, and management

External locus of control

Outside forces influence you

Which health planning model uses a framework to provide guidance in planning a health program and a framework for identifying strategies to address factors linked to outcomes of interest?

PRECEDE/PROCEED Model

Institutional Factors

Rules, regulations, policies, and informal structures, which may constrain or promote recommended behaviors

Community Factors

Social networks and norms which exist as formal/informal among individuals, groups, and organizations

What are the two major theoretical models that make up the Health Belief Model?

Stimulus Response Theory and cognitive theory

Internal locus of control

The world doesn't control you, you're in control

A health educator should always know how they are going to evaluate a program before they go ahead with implementation. (T/F)

True

A person's level of self efficacy determines how they feel, think, motivate themselves and behave.

True

A person's self efficacy can vary depending on the task they are attempting to complete.

True

Precede/proceed starts at the end and works backwards (T/F)

True

Reciprocal Determinism means that the environment shapes our lifestyle and our lifestyles shape the environment. (T/F)

True

Within each stage of change it is best to use multiple strategies when trying to help someone change a behavior.

True

Tobacco use is one of the leading health indicators for Healthy People 2020 (T/F)

True.

The Health Belief Model could also be described as

a theory based off of value expectancy principles

Stimulus Response Theory

a. Strictly learning from cause & effect events b. Reasoning & thinking not included

Indirect refusal

accept prescription, but do not get it filled

After his heart attack, Bruce knew that he needed to lose weight to get better so he immediately joined a gym and now works out with a trainer three times a week. What stage of change is Bruce in?

action

Within the preparation stage, the role of the health educator is similar to that of a

coach

Mary knows that smoking cigarettes is bad for her health, and she has recently promised her daughter that she will quit in the next few months. What stage of change is Mary currently in?

contemplation

There are two parts to the Precede/Proceed model. These two parts are...

educational and ecological

Precede focuses on the ________, where as Proceed focuses on the ecological diagnosis.

educational diagnosis

Receiving rewards is associated with?

extrinsic motivation

What are examples of a "predisposing" factor?

knowledge, attitude, cultural beliefs, readiness to change

Paul has been cigarette free for 7 months now. What stage of change would we say he was in?

maintenance

Joe was prescribed a course of antibiotics, but half way through the course he stopped taking them because he felt completely better. This is an example of

partial adherence

Precede/Proceed contains multiple types of evaluation, they are...

process, impact, and outcome

Partial adherence

some but not all prescribed dose

When thinking of the Transtheoretical (stages of change) model, it is helpful to think of it as a

spiral model

Premature discontinuation

stop taking chronic meds w/o knowledge or advice of HCP

Direct refusal

tell HCP they do not intend to take meds

In process evaluation, the evaluator is looking at whether

the program being carried out according to plan

Theories have shape and boundaries, but...

you have to fill in the boundaries