Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1 Test

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the study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationships to one another is called ____

anatomy

ventral is a directional term synonymous with ____ in humans

anterior

which of the following orientation and directional terms have the same meaning (in humans)?

anterior and ventral

the building blocks of ALL matter are known as

atoms

lateral

away from the midline

which of the following is the correct sequence, going from simplest to most complex, in the levels of structural organization of the human body?

chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, organism level

proximal

close to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

which two organ systems include the pancreas?

digestive and endocrine systems

the ___ system rids the body of indigestible food residue in fees while the ___ system removes nitrogen-containing metabolic waste in urine

digestive;urinary

the component of a control system that provides the means for the control center's response (output) is called the ___

effector

the system that controls and coordinates the body through hormones is the ___

endocrine system

which system has glands that secrete hormones to regulate other structures?

endocrine system

in which region is the stomach located?

epigastric region

which set of regions in the abdominopelvic cavity is medial?

epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric (pubic) regions

superficial

external

distal

farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

when we imagine a person exhibiting anatomical position, the palms of the hands are assumed to be facing ___

forward

the body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions is referred to as ___

homeostasis

the hypogastric (pubic) region is ___ to the umbilical region

inferior

which system covers the external surface of the body and protects deeper tissues?

integumentary system

which system excretes urea and salt in perspiration?

integumentary system

which system picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood?

lymphatic system

which orientation and directional term means toward the midline of the body?

medial

the surgeon asked the surgical technician to help create an opening in the chest during open heart surgery along a plane that equally separated the right and left halves of the thoracic cavity. this section is known as a(n) ___

median (midsagittal)

___ refers to all of the chemical reactions in the body

metabolism

which of the following activities represents a physiological study?

observing how the heart contracts and pumps blood

which of these regions is NOT associated with the ventral (anterior) portion of the head?

occipital

a structure composed of two or more tissues types that performs a specific function for the body is a(n) ____

organ

which of the following elements of a control system detects a change

recepter

what is the major function of the lymphatic system?

return leaked fluids back to the cardiovascular system

the majority of the liver and the gallbladder are situated in the ___ region of the abdominopelvic cavity

right hypochondriac

which region is situated inferior to the right lumbar region?

right iliac region

which region is lateral to the umbilical region?

right lumbar region

which of the following is the correct order of elements in a control system?

stimulus, receptor, afferent pathway, control center, efferent pathway, effector, response

the lungs and heart are situated in the ___ body cavity

thoracic

dorsal

toward the backside of the body

medial

toward the midline

which type of section could be used to separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?

transverse

the diaphragm creates a ___ section between the thoracic and abdominal body cavities

transverse (cross)

which system regulates the acid-base balance of the blood?

urinary system

which survival need accounts for 60 to 80 percent of body weight

water


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