Human Anatomy Unit 2 Exam

Check all of the following that are tarsal bones.

Intermediate cuneiform Talus Calcaneus Lateral cuneiform

The type of cartilaginous joint that is joined by hyaline cartilage is a ___________, while the type of cartilaginous joint that has a pad of fibrocartilage between the bones is a ___________.

synchondrosis; symphysis

At the ends of muscles, the connective tissues merge to form a __________, which attaches the muscle to other structures.

tendon

Individual muscle fibers run the entire length of a muscle.

true

Most fibrous joints are immobile or only slightly mobile.

true

Synovial joints have these features: an articular capsule, a joint cavity containing synovial fluid, articular cartilage, ligaments, blood vessels, and nerves.

true

Match the cartilaginous joints with the movement that they allow. 1. Pubic symphysis 2. Epiphyseal plates

1. Amphiarthrosis 2. Synarthrosis

Match the type of joint based on its functional classification. 1. Slightly mobile joint 2. Immobile joint 3. Freely mobile joint

1. Amphiarthrosis 2. Synarthrosis 3. Diarthrosis

Match the type of long bone growth with its description. 1. Growth in thickness 2. Growth in length

1. Appositional growth 2. Interstitual growth

Match the five properties of muscle tissue with their descriptions. 1. Ability to pass an electrical change along a cell's plasma membrane 2. Ability to return to original length 3. Active generation of force 4. Ability to respond to stimuli 5. Ability to extend in length

1. Conductivity 2. Elasticity 3. Contraction 4. Excitability 5. Extensibility

Match the structural classification of a joint with its description. 1, Joined by dense regular connective tissue. 2. Joined together by cartilage. 3, Has a fluid-filled joint cavity

1. Fibrous Joint 2. Carilaginous joint 3. Synovial joint

Match the type of fibrous joint with its location in the body. 1. Between tooth and jaw 2. Between skull bones 3. Between radius and ulna

1. Gomphosis 2. Suture 3. Syndesmosis

Place the organizational level of muscle tissue in order, beginning with muscle and ending with the smallest component.

1. Muscle 2. Fascicle 3. Muscle Fiber 4. Myofibril 5. Myofilament

Match the connective tissue with the component of skeletal muscle tissue that it surrounds. 1. Surrounds the fascicles 2. Surrounds the whole skeletal muscle 3. Surrounds each muscle fiber

1. Perimysium 2. Epimysium 3. Endomysium

Match the component of a synovial joint with its description and function. 1. Lines the joint cavity 2. Space between bones 3. Covers articulating surfaces

1. Synovial membrane 2. Joint cavity 3. Articular cartilage

Match the bone of the lower limb with its description. 1. Medial bone of the leg 2. Form the toes 3. Also known as the kneecap 4.Lateral bone of the leg 5. Form the arched portion of the foot 6.Form the ankle and proximal foot

1. Tibia 2. Phalanges 3. Patella 4. Fibula 5. Metatarsals 6. Tarsals

Muscle names often provide clues to their identification, using criteria such as common action, location, etc. Identify the criteria used to name each of the following muscles. 1. Number of muscle heads 2. Muscle action 3. Specific body region 4. Orientation of muscle fibers

1. Triceps brachii 2. Adductor magnus 3. Tibialis anterior 4. External oblique

Match the bones of the wrist and hand with their description. 1. Bones of the wrist 2. Bones of the digits 3. Bones of the palm of the hand

1. carpals 2. Phalanges 3. Metacarpals

Match the division of the vertebral column with its description. 1. Also called the "tailbone" 2. Each one connects to a rib pair 3.Seven vertebrae 4. Five fused vertebrae

1. coccyx 2. thoracic vertebrae 3. cervical vertebrae 4. sacrum

Match the part of a long bone with its description. 1. Covers all internal surfaces of the bone 2. Contains the growth plate 3. Covers the outer surface of bone 4. Contains bone marrow

1. endosteum 2. metaphysis 3. periosteum 4. medullary cavity

Tell whether each bone is a long, short, irregular, or flat bone. 1. Vertebra (bone of the spine) 2. Scapula (shoulder blade) 3. Femur (bone of the thigh) 4. Carpal (wrist bone)

1. irregular bone 2. flat bone 3. long bone 4. short bone

Match the part of the sternum with its description 1. Most superior part of the sternum 2. Longest part of the sternum 3.Inferior tip of the sternum

1. manubrium 2.body 3. xiphoid process

Match the type of muscle tissue with its brief description. 1. Unstriated, single nucleus 2. Striated, multiple nuclei 3. Striated, autorhythmic

1. smooth 2. skeletal 3. cardiac

Put the steps of endochondral ossification in the correct order.

1. the fetal hyaline cartilage model develops 2. cartilage calcifies, and a periosteal bone collar forms 3. the primary ossification center forms in the diaphysis 4. secondary ossification centers form in the epiphysis 5. bone replaces cartilage except at the epiphyseal plates

Match the description of the vertebrae with their associated region. 1. Contain costal facets 2. Largest vertebrae 3. Contain transverse foramina

1. thoracic vertebrae 2. lumbar vertebrae 3. cervical vertebrae

Match each of the options above to the items below 1. Pubic symphysis 2. Trachea 3. Fleshy, external part of the ear

1: Fibrocartilage 2: Hyaline cartilage 3: Elastic cartilage

Stand on both feet and bring one foot up to touch the heal of your foot to your buttocks. The hamstring muscles are acting as what? rev: 11_1

Agonist

Articulations involve only the point of contact between bones and other bones.

False

Once the epiphyseal plate fuses and forms an epiphyseal line, the long bone continues to grow in length, but at a slower rate.

False

When the bones of the forearm are supinated (palm of the hand faces anteriorly), the radius is crossing over the ulna.

False

Check all of the following that are facial bones.

Maxilla Nasal Zygomatic Lacrimal Vomer

If you palpate the medial side of your ankle, what prominent process of the tibia are you feeling?

Medial malleolus

Which of the following features is the most proximal feature of the ulna?

Olecranon

Which of the following is not a function of the vertebral column?

Provide support for the muscles of the arm

Which of the following is not a bone of the upper limb?

Scapula

Which of the following are bones of the pectoral girdle? Check all that apply.

Scapula Clavicle

Which of the following fibrous joints allows for slight movement with articulating bones that are joined by long strands of dense regular connective tissue?

Syndesmosis

Select all that are true of rib anatomy.

The costal groove marks the path of nerves and blood vessels to the thoracic wall. every rib articulates with a vertebra

From a relaxed, standing position, as you bring your arms up laterally so that they are straight out from your sides to stretch in the morning, the motion of the arms is called ____________. When you put your arms straight back down to your sides and then reach both hands up to rub your eyes, the motion that results at the elbow joint is called __________.

abduction; flexion

_____ synovial joints are diarthroses.

all

The type of cartilage growth in which stem cells at the internal edge of the perichondrium divide, differentiate into chondrocytes, and create new cartilage at the periphery is called _________________ growth.

appositional

After wearing a cast on your wrist for several weeks, you notice that your forearm muscles appear smaller and are weaker than before. This wasting of muscle tissue is termed muscle ______________.

atrophy

The multiaxial joint in which the spherical end of one bone fits into the cuplike socket of the other bone is called a ___________ joint.

ball-and-socket

Hemopoiesis is the process of ___________ cell production.

blood

Check all that are a function of bone:

blood cell production movement Support and Protection Storage of mineral and energy reserves

A large, smooth, rounded articulating oval structure is called what?

condyle

Which suture is the articulation between the frontal and parietal bones?

coronal

The shaft of a long bone is called the __________, while the expanded, knobby region at each end is called the __________.

diaphysis, epiphysis

Check all that are a function of cartilage

supporting soft tissue Provide a gliding surface at articulations Provide a model for the formation of most bones in the body

If you look at the cross section of a long bone under a microscope, the rings of bone immediately internal to the periosteum of the bone are called

external circumferential lamellae

The "soft spots" on an infant's head are caused by which of the following?

fontanelles

A rounded passageway through a bone is called a ______________.

foramen

A lever is an elongated, rigid object that rotates around a fixed point called the

fulcrum

The slender, curved bone that is located inferior to the skull between the mandible and larynx is the ____________ bone. It is unique in that is does not articulate with any bones in the body.

hyoid

Which form of arthritis is the most common?

osteoarthritis

The type of muscles in which the fascicles are at an oblique angle to the tendon, and the muscle fibers resemble a large feather is called

pennate

Check all that are bones of the pelvic girdle.

right os coxae left os coxae

Check all that are one of the auditory ossicles.

stapes malleus incus

Check all of the following that are a function of the paranasal sinuses.

warm and humidify inhaled air make some skull bones lighter Provide resonance to the voice